Number of results to display per page
Search Results
2912. Beta-celá čísla a kvazikrystaly
- Creator:
- Balková, Ľubomíra
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- krystaly, matematické modely, crystals, mathematical models, 10, and 544
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Beta-integers were defined as a generalization of integers by Alfréd Rényi in 1957 in the course of his study of expansions of real numbers in non-integer bases. Together with mathematicians, crystallographers are also interested in this unusual structure. They have found out that beta-lattices are in particular convenience for the description of quasicrystals and their diffraction images., Ľubomíra Balková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2913. Between the actual and the trivial world
- Creator:
- Sendlak, Maciej
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- counterfactuals, counterpossibles, impossible worlds, possible worlds, and trivial world
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The subject of this paper is the notion of similarity between the actual and impossible worlds. Many believe that this notion is governed by two rules. According to the first rule, every non-trivial world is more similar to the actual world than the trivial world is. The second rule states that every possible world is more similar to the actual world than any impossible world is. The aim of this paper is to challenge both of these rules. We argue that acceptance of the first rule leads to the claim that the rule ex contradictione sequitur quodlibet is invalid in classical logic. The second rule does not recognize the fact that objects might be similar to one another due to various features., Předmětem této práce je pojem podobnosti mezi skutečnými a nemožnými světy. Mnozí se domnívají, že tento pojem se řídí dvěma pravidly. Podle prvního pravidla je každý netriviální svět více podobný skutečnému světu, než je triviální svět. Druhé pravidlo uvádí, že každý možný svět je více podobný skutečnému světu, než jakýkoli nemožný svět. Cílem tohoto článku je zpochybnit obě tato pravidla. Tvrdíme, že přijetí prvního pravidla vede k tvrzení, že pravidlo ex contradictione sequitur quodlibet je v klasické logice neplatné. Druhé pravidlo neuznává skutečnost, že by objekty mohly být podobné vzhledem k různým vlastnostem., and Maciej Sendlak
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2914. Between two suns: Czechoslovakia and the Sino-Soviet Dispute over the International Communist Movement (1953-1962)
- Creator:
- Kolenovská, Daniela
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- historiography, communist dictatorship, and political deliberation
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this article, the author traces the changes in the Czechoslovak position in the international Communist movement after the Communist Party took power in Czechoslovakia. She concentrates on the Party’s relations with the Soviet and the Chinese Communists, which from the 1950s onwards represented two competing centres of power in world Communism. She argues that in Czechoslovak foreign policy the Communists subordinated the defence of State interests to the international solidarity of the workers, and, in keeping with that ideological guideline, the tasks of Czechoslovak foreign policy were set mainly according to the Soviet agenda and its vaguely defi ned aims for the international Communist movement. Prague became dependent on Moscow for personnel, information, and material, and lost the ability to act independently in international politics both outside and inside the Soviet bloc. Amongst Prague’s priorities were efforts to achieve the unity of the Soviet system of alliances and, beginning at the latest in 1956, it considered military intervention a suitable instrument in the event of a threat to that system. A comparative analysis of records for the ten years from 1953 to 1962, from the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic and from the Czechoslovak Communist Party leadership, which are deposited in the National Archive, Prague, demonstrate that Czechoslovak foreign policy was actually formed by way of inter-Party contacts. The Soviet Communists were paramount in the hierarchy; in the eyes of the Czechoslovak Communists, the Soviet position remained unchallenged by any Chinese attempts to provide an alternative to Soviet methods and plans to develop the international Communist movement in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Indeed, at multilateral talks amongst dozens of Communist Parties in Moscow in November 1957 and in 1960, where Chinese objections were discussed, Czechoslovak Communists arrived after having been instructed by their Soviet comrades, and from this position they rejected all Chinese activities, despite Czechoslovak efforts to establish friendly and close ties with their Beijing comrades after 1948. As a result of this linking of Czechoslovak Party and State matters, Czechoslovak-Chinese collaboration ceased in the early 1960s, and the Soviet Union promised to compensate for any damages that thus accrued to the Czechoslovak economy.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2915. Beyond genomes and the Covid-19 pandemic
- Creator:
- Kostrouch, Zdeněk
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2916. Beyond reification: reclaiming Marx!s concept of the fetish character of the commodity
- Creator:
- Pepperell, Nicole
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Marx, Lukács, Hegel, Capital, commodity fetishism, critical social theory, and reification
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- György Lukács’s infl uential interpretation of commodity fetishism as “reifi cation” shapes many contemporary critiques of the apparently objective and impersonal form taken by capitalist social relations. Such critiques seek to debunk the false veil of objectivity that results from fetishism, revealing the real character of the social relations underneath. Th is line of criticism, however, often attributes totalising power to capitalism, which undermines its own critical standpoint. I argue that the solution to this dilemma lies in understanding the fetish not as an ideological veil that needs to be debunked, but instead as a novel form of social interdependence that is genuinely – not illusorily – impersonal. Th is impersonal form is generated by a diverse array of disparate social practices whose interaction yields this unanticipated and unintended result. Within this framework, the diversity of the underlying social practices off ers a practical potential basis for constituting new forms of social interdependence that lack not only the semblance, but also the reality of capitalism’s oppressive objectivity.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2917. Beyond the conversation: the pervasive danger of slurs
- Creator:
- Moreno, Alba and Pérez-Navarro, Eduardo
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- context, derogation, nonderogatory occurrences of slurs, normalization, and slurs
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Although slurs are conventionally defined as derogatory words, it has been widely noted that not all of their occurrences are derogatory. This may lead us to think that there are “innocent” occurrences of slurs, i.e., occurrences of slurs that are not harmful in any sense. The aim of this paper is to challenge this assumption. Our thesis is that slurs are always potentially harmful, even if some of their occurrences are nonderogatory. Our argument is the following. Derogatory occurrences of slurs are not characterized by their sharing any specific linguistic form; instead, they are those that take place in what we call uncontrolled contexts, that is, contexts in which we do not have enough knowledge of our audience to predict what the uptake of the utterance will be. Slurs uttered in controlled contexts, by contrast, may lack derogatory character. However, although the kind of context at which the utterance of a slur takes place can make it nonderogatory, it cannot completely deprive it of its harmful potential. Utterances of slurs in controlled contexts still contribute to normalizing their utterances in uncontrolled contexts, which makes nonderogatory occurrences of slurs potentially harmful too.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2918. Bez ekonomických sankcí genderové rovnosti ve vysokém školství a vědě nedosáhneme
- Creator:
- Marcela Linková, Marta Vohlídalová, Hana Tenglerová, Martina Fucimanová, Hana Víznerová, and Kateřina Cidlinská
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- sociologie, gender, věda, vysoké školy, hospodářské sankce, 18, and 316
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Marcela Linková, Marta Vohlídalová, Hana Tenglerová, Martina Fucimanová, Hana Víznerová, Kateřina Cidlinská.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2919. Bez hranic. Umění v Krušnohoří mezi gotikou a renesancí, edd. Jan Klípa - Michaela Ottová
- Creator:
- Jindra, Petr
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2920. Bez kyslíku nefunguji
- Creator:
- Olivová, Jana
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public