Let $R$ be an associative ring with identity and let $J(R)$ denote the Jacobson radical of $R$. $R$ is said to be semilocal if $R/J(R)$ is Artinian. In this paper we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the group ring $RG$, where $G$ is an abelian group, to be semilocal.
A graph X, with a group G of automorphisms of X, is said to be (G, s)-transitive, for some s\geq 1, if G is transitive on s-arcs but not on (s + 1)-arcs. Let X be a connected (G, s)-transitive graph of prime valency s\geq 5, and Gv the vertex stabilizer of a vertex v \in V (X). Suppose that Gv is solvable. Weiss (1974) proved that |Gv | p(p−1)^{2}. In this paper, we prove that Gv\cong (\mathbb{Z}_{p}\rtimes \mathbb{Z}_{m})× \mathbb{Z}_{n} for some positive integers m and n such that n | m and m | p − 1., Song-Tao Guo, Hailong Hou, Yong Xu., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The purpose of the paper is to study the uniqueness problems of linear differential polynomials of entire functions sharing a small function and obtain some results which improve and generalize the related results due to J. T. Li and P. Li (2015). Basically we pay our attention to the condition λ(f) ≠ 1 in Theorems 1.3, 1.4 from J. T. Li and P. Li (2015). Some examples have been exhibited to show that conditions used in the paper are sharp.
A topological space X is said to be star Lindelöf if for any open cover U of X there is a Lindelöf subspace A ⊂ X such that St(A, U) = X. The “extent” e(X) of X is the supremum of the cardinalities of closed discrete subsets of X. We prove that under V = L every star Lindelöf, first countable and normal space must have countable extent. We also obtain an example under MA + ¬CH, which shows that a star Lindelöf, first countable and normal space may not have countable extent.
It is easily seen that the graphs of harmonic conjugate functions (the real and imaginary parts of a holomorphic function) have the same nonpositive Gaussian curvature. The converse to this statement is not as simple. Given two graphs with the same nonpositive Gaussian curvature, when can we conclude that the functions generating their graphs are harmonic? In this paper, we show that given a graph with radially symmetric nonpositive Gaussian curvature in a certain form, there are (up to) four families of harmonic functions whose graphs have this curvature. Moreover, the graphs obtained from these functions are not isometric in general.
Let T be a Banach space operator. In this paper we characterize a-Browder’s theorem for T by the localized single valued extension property. Also, we characterize a-Weyl’s theorem under the condition E a (T) = π a (T), where E a (T) is the set of all eigenvalues of T which are isolated in the approximate point spectrum and π a (T) is the set of all left poles of T. Some applications are also given.
We consider the Cahn-Hilliard equation in H 1 (ℝ N ) with two types of critically growing nonlinearities: nonlinearities satisfying a certain limit condition as |u| → ∞ and logistic type nonlinearities. In both situations we prove the H 2 (ℝ N )-bound on the solutions and show that the individual solutions are suitably attracted by the set of equilibria. This complements the results in the literature; see J.W. Cholewa, A. Rodriguez-Bernal (2012).
In the paper we discuss the following type congruences: $$ \biggl ({np^k\atop mp^k}\biggr ) \equiv \left (m \atop n\right ) \pmod {p^r}, $$ where $p$ is a prime, $n$, $m$, $k$ and $r$ are various positive integers with $n\ge m\ge 1$, $k\ge 1$ and $r\ge 1$. Given positive integers $k$ and $r$, denote by $W(k,r)$ the set of all primes $p$ such that the above congruence holds for every pair of integers $n\ge m\ge 1$. Using Ljunggren's and Jacobsthal's type congruences, we establish several characterizations of sets $W(k,r)$ and inclusion relations between them for various values $k$ and $r$. In particular, we prove that $W(k+i,r)=W(k-1,r)$ for all $k\ge 2$, $i\ge 0$ and $3\le r\le 3k$, and $W(k,r)=W(1,r)$ for all $3\le r\le 6$ and $k\ge 2$. We also noticed that some of these properties may be used for computational purposes related to congruences given above.