In the last decade the health of young people in Ukraine as well as in many other countries of the world significantly deteriorated according to the results of screening tests. Because of this the main task of prophylactic medicine is development and introduction of new methods of early diagnostics of diseases. The aim of the work to assess the peculiarities of adaptation of students with different types of vegetative regulation. Material and methods: 415 second year students of Lugansk State Medical University were tested. The mechanisms of physiological functions of the body regulation were assessed by registration of cardiac rhythm variability (CRV). Analysis of CRV was performed by three methods: statistical, geometrical, and spectral analysis. The express method proposed by Shlyk, N.I. (2009) was later used to determine the prevailing type of vegetative regulation. To assess adaptability the method of R.M. Baevskij (1979) was used. Results: In the result of investigation 4 types of functional states of regulatory systems were determined: I type 295 (71 %) of tested, II in 14 (3 %), III in 96 (23 %) and IV only in 10 (2%). I type of functional state of regulatory systems in the wakeful state at rest was characterized by moderate prevalence of central regulation of heart rhythm (MPCR), decreased activity of autonomic regulation. It was noticed that some of the parameters of CRV (like RR, SDNN, RMSSD and pNN50) which characterize autonomic regulation, were statistically lowere (р≤0.01) compared to type III, and some (like AMo and SI) higher, in both female and male students. Summarized spectrum capacity and components of its wave structure (HF, LF, VLF) which characterize central regulation were statistically significantly lower (р≤0.01) for the I type of regulation compared to the III one which is characterized by moderate prevalence of autonomic regulation of the heart rhythm. In female students with type I autonomic regulation compared to male students such CRV parameters as RR and AМo were statistically significantly lower (р≤0.05), while the parameters of total potency (TP) and high frequency waves (HF) were higher (р≤0.05), which could point to more centralized heart rhythm regulation in male compared to female. The evaluation of regulatory systems overstress allowed to determine the state of adaptation and risk of overstress or breakdown in students with different types of autonomic regulation. Conclusions: Thus, evaluation of adaptation state in students with different types of autonomic regulation allows to characterize the current functional state and uncover the risk of disease development., Tatiana Tananakina, Natalya Lila, Anzhelika Ivasenko, Dmitrij Bolgov, Svetlana Mavrich, Yuliya Modna, and Literatura
Východiska: Vzhledem ke geriatrizaci ošetřovatelské péče se ageismus stává často diskutovaným tématem. Z tohoto důvodu je velmi důležité, aby nelékařští zdravotničtí pracovníci byli v tomto ohledu dostatečně vzděláváni, protože právě dostatečná informovanost a praktická zkušenost může ovlivnit míru inklinace k ageistickým postojům. Cíl: Cílem výzkumného šetření bylo zhodnotit ageistické postoje u studentů středních zdravotnických škol v závislosti na škole a ročníku, kterou respondenti navštěvovali a zjistit rozdíly ve vnímání seniorské populace. Metody: V souladu s cíli práce byl proveden kvantitativní výzkum formou dotazníkového šetření. Na základě bodového ohodnocení odpovědí v dotazníku byla zjištěna míra ageistických postojů u respondentů. Výsledky: Práce prokázala, že je statisticky významný vztah mezi ageistickými postoji u studentů a jejich příslušností ke střední škole. Stejně tak byl prokázán rozdíl mezi ageistickými postoji u studentů druhých a čtvrtých ročníků středních zdravotnických škol. Závěry: Z práce vyplývá, že ve sledovaném souboru se u většiny studentů objevuje střední inklinace k ageistickým postojům s ohledem na navštěvovanou školu. Dále pak, že k ageistickým postojům inklinují více studenti čtvrtých ročníků, kteří již absolvovali odbornou praxi u lůžka nemocného, než studenti druhých ročníků, kteří tuto praxi ještě neabsolvovali., Background: Due to geriatrization of nursing care becomes oen discussed theme. Because of this it’s very important that non-medical health staff will be enough educated. It is that sufficient awareness and practical experience that can affect the rate of inclination to ageist attitudes. Objective: e objective of this research was to evaluate ageist attitudes of nursing school students according to school which the respondents visited and find out the differences in perception of senior population among the students of second and fourth grade. Methods: Due to the aims of this work the quantitative research has been done through a questionnaire survey. e rate of ageist attitudes was observed based on scoring responses. Results: A statistically significant relationship between symptoms of ageist attitudes this work proved as well as the differences between symptoms of ageist attitudes among second and fourth grade students. Conclusions: e work shows that in the sample survey, the majority of students appearing middle inclination to the myths of old age. Furthermore, the myths of old age tend more fourth grade students who have already completed work experience at the bedside than second grade students who have not completed this practice yet., and Kristýna Šoukalová, Jana Holá, Markéta Nemšovská
Onemocnění lidským papilomavirem (HPV) patří mezi jednu z nejběžnějších sexuálně přenosných infekcí a HPV působí spektrum nemocí, od genitálních bradavic ke karcinomům. Důležitým cílem očkovacích programů v mnoha zemích je snížení incidence karcinomu děložního hrdla použitím kvadrivalentní (Silgard/Gardasil) nebo bivalentní (Cervarix) HPV (human papillomavirus) vakcíny. Randomizované kontrolované studie prokazují robustní protilátkovou odpověď a vysokou účinnost HPV vakcinace také u mužů. V roce 2009 Úřad pro kontrolu potravin a léčiv (FDA) v USA schválil kvadrivalentní HPV vakcínu u mužů k prevenci anální prekancerózy a karcinomu. Podrobné finanční modely, které předcházely tomuto rozhodnutí, ukázaly, že pokud se do modelů zahrne výskyt onemocnění u mužů, záleží na ceně vakcíny, pokrytí očkované populace a dalších faktorech, zda HPV vakcinace mužů může být finančně efektivní. V každém případě cílená vakcinační strategie zvláště pro muže, kteří mají sex s muži, by měla podstatné benefity., The disease of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) belongs to one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections and HPV causes a spectrum of diseases, ranging from genital warts to cancer. The important goal of immunization programs in many countries is the reduction of the incidence of cervical cancer using either the quadrivalent (Silgard/Gardasil) or the bivalent (Cervarix) HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine. Randomized controlled trials demonstrate robust antibody responses and high efficacy also in men. In 2009 the Food and Drug Administration in the USA approved the quadrivalent HPV vaccine for young men to prevent anal precancerosis and cancer. Detailed cost effective modeling has preceded this decision showing that when the burden of disease in men is included in the models then, depending upon vaccine price, coverage of a vaccinated population, and other factors male vaccination can become cost effective. In any case, a targeted vaccination strategy especially for men who have sex with men would have substantial benefits., Borek Sehnal, Jiří Sláma, and Literatura
Many aspects of surgical treatment of intestinal malrotation in children remain to be debatable. In the opinion of the majority of the specialists, surgical treatment is required after the diagnosis taking into account serious complications of intestinal malrotation. Purpose. The purpose of this research was to conduct an analysis of surgical tactics and operative treatment method for isolated and associated intestinal malrotations in children. Material and methods. We observed 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with malrotation during the period of 2002 to 2013. Results. We presented the data from observing 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with various clinical-anatomic forms of intestinal malrotation over from 2002 to 2013. In 62 patients (50.4%), the evidences of the high intestinal obstruction were prevalent, while 61 (49.6%) showed signs of low intestinal obstruction. 116 patients (94,3%) were given operative intervention: radical – 95(81,9%) and palliative – 21 (18,1%). In 56 % of the cases, various simultaneous surgeries were required. There are proposed differential approaches in relation to anatomic form of malrotation and possibility of the fixation of large intestine in the physiological position. Conclusion. The results obtained from the operative treatment are presented. The lethal outcomes could be reduced from 54.7%, among the patients being observed from 2002 to 2010, to 16,7% in patients being operated during 2011 to 2013., Nasriddin Shamsiddinovich Ergashev, Jamoliddin Bahronovich Sattarov, and Literatura
Objective: to analyze main clinical-statistical indices of spine and spinal cord injuries (SCI) and system of organization of medical aid to the victims. We conducted a cohort retrospective study of materials of medical institutions of Tashkent city. Medical records of patients and records of forensic examinations were analyzed. 242 cases of spinal cord injuries were studied. Over the last 10 years in Tashkent the frequency of SCI have been tend to increase, males and working-age people are dominated. In 60.9% of cases the injury was associated, in 36.2% - isolated, and in 2.9% - combined. Fallings from height and road traffic accidents were the main reasons for getting SCI. Lesions at cervical level registered in 45% of cases, thoracic level - 27.3%, at lumbar level - 27.7%, respectively. According to ASIA/IMSOP, full injuries were noted in 40.1% of cases, incomplete injures were in 59.9%. Overall mortality from SCI was 68.6%. study allowed to get in detail the clinical and statistical indicators of SCI in the region., Rukhulla Zabikhullaevich Khikmatullaev, Alisher Iskandarovich Iskandarov, Dildora Zabikhullaevna Khakimova, and Literatura