Epidermal inclusion cysts are common benign cutaneous cysts which arise from hair follicles. These cysts usually present as asymptomatic, small, smooth, firm, round, slow growing swellings on hair bearing areas such as scalp, face, neck and trunk. Epidermal inclusion cysts are easily diagnosed by their clinical features. However, trichilemmal cyst, dermoid cyst, neurofibroma, hemangioma, lipoma and liposarcoma should also be kept in mind in differential diagnosis of cutaneous cystic lesions. As malignant transformation of epidermal inclusion cysts has been reported, histopathological evaluation of epidermal inclusion cysts is mandatory in order to rule out malignancy. Moreover, giant epidermal inclusion cysts with ulceration, rapid growth, resistance to treatment, recurrence and fistula drainage may have malignant potential. Therefore, epidermal cysts should be surgically removed. There are several different types of surgical techniques to remove cutaneous cysts. A proper surgical technique should facilitate the complete removal of the cyst wall to prevent recurrence. In addition, it should provide minimal scarring and a low wound infection rate. Epidermal inclusion cysts can be easily removed surgically with squeeze technique. In this technique, the cyst is squeezed out through a small incision using both index fingers. Thus, the cyst is not ruptured. The squeeze technique allows the cyst capsule to remain intact. Therefore, the risk of wound infection, recurrence and scar formation is minimized. Hereby, we present a 48-year-old male with multiple epidermal inclusion cysts on the scalp treated surgically with squeeze technique., Mehmet Eren Yuksel, Funda Tamer, and Literatura
Many aspects of surgical treatment of intestinal malrotation in children remain to be debatable. In the opinion of the majority of the specialists, surgical treatment is required after the diagnosis taking into account serious complications of intestinal malrotation. Purpose. The purpose of this research was to conduct an analysis of surgical tactics and operative treatment method for isolated and associated intestinal malrotations in children. Material and methods. We observed 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with malrotation during the period of 2002 to 2013. Results. We presented the data from observing 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with various clinical-anatomic forms of intestinal malrotation over from 2002 to 2013. In 62 patients (50.4%), the evidences of the high intestinal obstruction were prevalent, while 61 (49.6%) showed signs of low intestinal obstruction. 116 patients (94,3%) were given operative intervention: radical – 95(81,9%) and palliative – 21 (18,1%). In 56 % of the cases, various simultaneous surgeries were required. There are proposed differential approaches in relation to anatomic form of malrotation and possibility of the fixation of large intestine in the physiological position. Conclusion. The results obtained from the operative treatment are presented. The lethal outcomes could be reduced from 54.7%, among the patients being observed from 2002 to 2010, to 16,7% in patients being operated during 2011 to 2013., Nasriddin Shamsiddinovich Ergashev, Jamoliddin Bahronovich Sattarov, and Literatura
Článek se zabývá problematikou odmítání transfuze krve ze strany členů náboženské společnosti Svědkové Jehovovi. Danou otázku přitom zkoumá nejen z pohledu aktuální právní úpravy v zákoně o zdravotních službách (dříve vyslovených přáních) a vybrané judikatury, ale také z širšího právněfilozofického a politického pohledu. Dochází k závěru, dle něhož formálně právní úprava sice preferuje vůli pacienta, nicméně tento přístup může mít z obecnějšího společenského hlediska i některé sporné důsledky. Proto je nakonec přijat názor, že transfuzi je nutné poskytnout i proti vůli pacienta., The article deals with the issue of the blood transfusion rejection by the member of the religious community Jehovah's Witnesses. The issue is examined not only from the view of the recent legal provisions (living will) and the available judicature, but also from the broader philosophical and political view. It concludes that the legal provisions prefer the patient's autonomy but this approach can generally also have some controversial consequences. Therefore the author resumes that the blood transfusion should be provided although it infringes the patient's will., Pavel Uherek, and Literatura
V článku uvádíme kazuistiku pacienta s raritním nálezem – synchronním bilaterálním tumorem varlete. Dle ultrazvukového vyšetření se vzhled obou tumorů lišil, dle CT břicha bylo popsáno metastatické rozšíření do lymfatických uzlin levého retroperitonea. Primárně byla provedena bilaterální radikální orchiektomie, histologické vyšetření vyvrátilo předpoklad radiologa, jelikož byl popsán bilaterální seminom varlete – dle TNM klasifikace pT3N3M0, SX. Pacient následně podstoupil tři cykly adjuvantní chemoterapie, po níž bylo dosaženo remise onemocnění., We present a case report of a patient with a rare diagnosis – synchronous bilateral testicular tumor. The sonographic appearance of both sides differed. Abdominal CT showed metastatic spread to lymph nodes of the left retroperitoneum. Initially, a bilateral radical orchiectomy was carried out. Histological examination rebutted the radiologist‘s presumption and showed bilateral testicular seminoma – according to the TNM classification pT3N3M0, SX. The patient subsequently underwent three cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy which achieved remission., Petr Skála, Miroslav Štrbavý, Petr Ondráček, Milouš Derner, Marek Broul, and Literatura
The effect of aqueous and ether Chelidonium majus haulms extract on cervical HeLa tumor cells, mammary adenocarcinoma MCF 7 tumor cells and acute lymphoblastic leukemia CEM tumor cells in vitro have been studied. The purpose of this research was to compare the effect of aqueous and ether Chelidonium majus haulms extract on selected tumor cells. Colorimetric MTT assay have been used for the study of the antiproliferative effect of aqueous and ether haulms extract of Chelidonium majus on cell viability in vitro. The results of the experiments have shown the cytotoxic effect of the aqueous and the ether Chelidonium majus haulms extract on the individual tumor cells. The aqueous Chelidonium majus haulms extract was the most effective on CEM cells, it was less effective on MCF 7 cells and it was the least effective on HeLa cells. The ether haulms extract of Chelidonium majus was the most effective at all of studied concentrations on CEM cells and MCF 7 cells in comparison with HeLa cells, where it was significantly effective only at the highest concentration. Aqueous and ether haulms extract of Chelidonium majus tested in vitro indicated their cytotoxic activity. Both haulms extract of Chelidonium majus were more efficient on CEM cells. It is assumed that higher antiproliferative activity of ether haulms extract of Chelidonium majus is the result of higher antiproliferative activity of lipophilic substances. The lipophilic substances pass through membrane and bind to various proteins and change their biological activity., Vladimíra Tomečková, Veronika Tkáčová, Peter Urban, Marek Stupák, and Literatura
In this article the possibilities of MR tractography in symptomatic epilepsy patients have been presented. We determined the quantitative standards of numerical values of diffusion of white matter in children with symptomatic epilepsy of various etiology. In children with symptomatic epilepsy, the pathological changes of white matter were localized not only in the epileptogenic, but also in the opposite hemisphere. The regions with abnormal white matter FA and ADC values not only matched to limbic circle zones, but also to areas of intra- and interhemispheric connections uniting the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes of the brain. Determining the specific clusters of brain tracts in symptomatic epilepsy, regardless of etiology, is important to predict the prognosis of the disease and the likely possibility of cognitive impairment. The study proved that symptomatic epilepsy is characterized by a variety of changes in the white matter of the brain tracts that lead to the dissociation of certain regions of the brain, interrupting connections between cortical and subcortical regions and inhibiting the transfer of information. It can be concluded, that diffusion-weighted imaging are much more sensitive to the structural and metabolic changes occurring in the brain, in comparison with conventional MRI images., Khabibulla Aminov, and Literatura
Background: The data on the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) in patients with HIV/AIDS vary. Even though some authors have reported higher prevalence of high blood pressure and systemic arterial hypertension in this group, compared to the prevalence of AH in subjects without infection, other studies have found similar prevalence of AH between men and women with HIV and individuals without the infection. In Uzbekistan such researches were not conducted yet. Objective: Evaluate the prevalence of prevalence of arterial hypertension and its risk factors at the HIV-positive persons of Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan. Methods:A cross-sectional study aligned to a cohort of patients with HIV/AIDS. The study considered hypertension at levels ≥ 140/90 mmHg or use of antihypertensive drugs and prehypertension at levels > 120/80 mmHg. Results: Out of this total, 138 patients (48%) were male and 149 were female (52%); 65% of them were 40 years-old or younger, and other 35% were over 40 years of age. Among the individuals evaluated, 184 (64.1%) had blood pressure within the normal range, 62 (21.6%) were considered prehypertensive, and 41 (14.3%) were considered hypertensive. Twenty five patients (61%) knew they had hypertension, and 9 of them (36.0%) used antihypertensive medication on a continuous basis. The blood pressure levels were controlled in only 5 (20.0%) patients that knew that they were hypertensive. Conclusion: Among HIV-infected persons, 21.6% were considered prehypertensive, and 14.3% were considered hypertensive. It is important to warn clinicians who provide care to HIV/AIDS patients that such patients are not only individuals infected with a potentially fatal virus, but, despite the benefit of new antiretroviral therapies, they are also patients whose prognosis may be affected by comorbidities, such as hypertension., Mirzoulugbek Mirsaydullaev, Nematjon Mamasaliev, and Literatura
The management of chronic diseases shall be considered a priority in the work of the global international institutions, which are related to health policies. In the search for effective and efficient solutions for the treatment of chronic diseases, scientists are developing different programs. In Bulgaria the continuous monitoring of chronically ill people is defined with the term dispensarization. The objective of the research is to analyze the place and the role of patients in the monitoring of their chronic diseases and how the concept of quality of life relates to this process. Method The research in focus groups is planned within a research project on the monitoring of chronic diseases. Five group discussions were held. The number of participants in all focus groups was sixty. Results The two discussed directions - the active role of the patient and the focus on the results are weak links in the current organization of the care for the chronically ill people. The topic of creating and adopting an Act of the patient was also presented, in which to be paid attention to the evaluation of the quality of life. In general was brought the need for a clear delineation of the roles and the competencies of everyone involved in the monitoring process of chronic diseases. The chronic disease cannot be defined only as a medical problem, as there are economic and social, including political consequences. Conclusions The management of the chronic disease requires coordination of doctor-patient interaction, a model of partnership and trust in the relations, self-management of the condition by the patients and their inclusion in the health team. The most important step to achieve this goal is the education of the patients, increasing their knowledge and motivation, psycho-emotional support, instilling hope and faith in the capacity of the patients., Teodora Dimcheva, Gergana Foreva, Radost Аsenova, Nonka Маteva, Todor Stoev, Rosica Dimova, and Literatura
The widespread introduction of dental implant in the dental practice will determine progress and the future of prosthetic dentistry. At the same time, like any new direction dental implantation has generated a lot of questions and unsolved problems. On many of these issues and problems can be answered only by using morphological methods. Therefore, after the development of a new construction of the dental implant one of the main issues was the question of its interaction with the jawbone and soft tissues of the oral cavity. We performed the experiment on 24 long snout dogs of both sexes, weighing 30-35 kg, with normal bite, at the age of 20-24 months. Animals were divided into 2 groups, according to samples of screw dental implants used in the experiment: basic group - 12 dogs in which were used samples of the new construction of dental implant “Implant.uz” (Uzbekistan); control group – 12 dogs in which were applied screw dental implant system “Dentium” (South Korea). Terms of derivation of animals from experiments were 1, 3, and 6 months. By using morphological techniques were studied implants “Implant.uz” from medical titanium BT-1.00 brand, their interaction with bone of alveolar ridge. “Implant.uz” did not cause pathological changes in the bone tissue of alveolar ridges of jaws and could be an alternative to known dental implants., Nigman Lukmanovich Khabilov, Tatyana Olegovna Mun, Farkhodjon Komiljonovich Usmonov, Iskander Mukhamedovich Baybekov, and Literatura