Klášter Rytířského řádu křižovníků s červenou hvězdou - knihovna Praha CZ XXVII J 19 vol. VIII. adl. 44, Knihovna Akademie věd ČR Praha CZ TF 347 adl. 48, Gedruckt in dem ErtzBischofflichen Seminario., and BCBT38224
The structure of the group (\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z})* and Fermat’s little theorem are the basis for some of the best-known primality testing algorithms. Many related concepts arise: Euler’s totient function and Carmichael’s lambda function, Fermat pseudoprimes, Carmichael and cyclic numbers, Lehmer’s totient problem, Giuga’s conjecture, etc. In this paper, we present and study analogues to some of the previous concepts arising when we consider the underlying group G_{n}:=\left \{ a+bi\in \mathbb{Z}\left [ i\right ]:a^{2}+b^{2}\equiv 1\left ( mod n \right ) \right \}. In particular, we characterize Gaussian Carmichael numbers via a Korselt’s criterion and present their relation with Gaussian cyclic numbers. Finally, we present the relation between Gaussian Carmichael number and 1-Williams numbers for numbers n ≡ 3 (mod 4). There are also no known composite numbers less than 1018 in this family that are both pseudoprime to base 1 + 2i and 2-pseudoprime., José María Grau, Antonio M. Oller-Marcén, Manuel Rodríguez, Daniel Sadornil., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The Tevatron accelerator built and operated in Fermilab (Batavia, Illinois) was the most powerfull machine in the world for almost three decades. However, its mission ended when the LHC (Large Hadron Collider, CERN) came into operation. Tevatron was finally shut down in September 2011. Despite its demise, its past results represent a significant chapter in the history of elementary particle physics. These results were also great use to the setting of LHC scientific goals., Urýchl'ovač Tevatron v laboratóriu Fermilab (Batavia, Illinois) bol po takmer tri desaťročia najvýkonnejším colliderom na svete, s nástupom LHC (Large Hadron Collider, CERN) v Ženeve boli jeho dni spočítané a koncom septembra 2011 ukončil svoju činnosť. Jeho výsledky sa zapísali do dejín fyziky a aj na ich základe sa formuloval fyzikálny program LHC. Tevatron slúžil od prvých zrážok úctyhodných 25 rokov a minulý rok odovzdal štafetu do Európy., Michal Marčišovský., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Ferredoxin (Fd) is a small soluble iron-sulfur protein essential in almost all oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. It contains a single [2Fe-2S] cluster coordinated by four cysteine ligands. It accepts electrons from the stromal surface of PSI and facilitates transfer to a myriad of acceptors involved in diverse metabolic processes, including generation of NADPH via Fd-NADP-reductase, cyclic electron transport for ATP synthesis, nitrate reduction, nitrite reductase, sulfite reduction, hydrogenase and other reductive reactions. Fd serves as the central hub for these diverse cellular reactions and is integral to complex cellular metabolic networks. We describe advances on the central role of Fd and its evolutionary role from cyanobacteria to algae/plants. We compare structural diversity of Fd partners to understand this orchestrating role and shed light on how Fd dynamically partitions between competing partner proteins to enable the optimum transfer of PSI-derived electrons to support cell growth and metabolism., J. Mondal, B. D. Bruce., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy