Performance of 24h static Precise Point Positioning (PPP) solutions based on multi-GNSS precise satellite orbit and clock products from four analysis centers and seven various constellation combinations was studied to evaluate their quality and characteristics. Data from ten European and four Chinese GNSS stations and 152 days long period from year 2020 were processed. Obtained coordinates were firstly compared with those provided by IGS final weekly combined solution. In Europe, the best agreement with this reference product was reached by solutions including Galileo signals, namely by a combination of GPS+GLONASS+Galileo systems with a mean RMS of 11 mm. This situation was different in China where inclusion of Galileo always led to worse results and the best agreement was achieved by a combination of GPS+GLONASS systems. Although product provided by German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ) could be selected as the best performing over Europe and product by Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) over China, differences between individual precise products were mostly at a minimal level. Secondly, coordinates repeatability over the processed period was computed in order to assess the positioning stability. In this regard, the lowest values in both horizontal and vertical direction were reached by GPS+GLONASS solutions. From the perspective of precise products, the repeatability results were dependent on the selected constellation where mainly a specific behavior of product from Wuhan University (WUM) for Galileo system was observed., Weiguo Li and Michal Kačmařík., and Obsahuje bibliografii
A method for estimation of elastic wave velocity anisotropy based on ultrasonic sounding data during rock-sample loading was developed. The subject matter of the method is approximation of ultrasonic sounding data by triaxial velocity ellipsoid. The applicability of proposed method was verified on investigation of anisot ropic rock samples. Laboratory loading of migmatite samples was realized under various mutual orientations between acting force direction and rock foliation - perpendicular, parallel and under 45°. P-ve velocity of ultrasound waves was monitored by 8 sensors network. The velocity ellipsoid was computed and changes of sizes and waorientation its main axes during loading were analyzed for separate experiments with regard to loading level. It was found, that independently to mutual orientation between rock foliation and loading direction, the minimum velocity vector turns to perpendicular direction to final rupture plane and maximum velocity vector turns to the plane of final rupture., Matěj Petružálek, Jan Vilhelm, Tomáš Lokajíček and Vladimír Rudajev., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Cíl: Převod Testu paměti pro záměry (Memory for Intentions (Screening) Test; MIST, 2010) do české verze zahrnoval standardizaci pomůcek, převod administrace a skórování, validační studii na české populaci, aby MIST bylo možné použít na české populaci. Úvod: Konstrukt prospektivní paměti (PP), tj. schopnosti si zapamatovat a realizovat záměry, je nezbytný pro uchování soběstačnosti, vykonávání aktivit denního života. V posledních letech hraje čím dál významnější roli pro diagnostiku poruch paměti. Standardizovaná a validovaná měřítka PP však v české diagnostice chybí. Metodika: Český převod MIST jsme administrovali 30 zdravým osobám. Výsledky: Celkový skór PP v testu MIST koreloval na střední úrovni s měřítky z neuropsychologické baterie zejména s retencí v paměti, mentální flexibilitou, odolností k interferenci a premorbidní inteligenční úrovní (všechna rho = 0,37–0,42, všechna p < 0,05). Reliabilita testu MIST ve smyslu vnitřní konzistence byla u základních osmi subškál nedostatečná (α = 0,50) i ve smyslu reliability obou polovin testu (split‑half reliabilita = 0,56), avšak reliabilita šesti subškál tříděných dle typu (oddálení, vodítka a modality odpovědi) byla vysoká (α = 0,88; split‑half = 0,95). Závěr: Výsledky validační studie naznačují, že český převod MIST je srovnatelný s verzí originální. Studie zpřístupňuje standardní vyšetření PP a umožňuje měření PP na klinických populacích. Klíčová slova: Test paměti pro záměry – prospektivní paměť – deklarativní paměť – validita – reliabilita – epizodická paměť <h3>Přílohy</h3> <a href="/dokumenty/CSNN2014_3_Bezdicek_prilohy_TK.pdf"> 1. Instrukce Testu paměti pro záměry (MIST)</a> <a href="/dokumenty/CSNN2014_3_Bezdicek_prilohy_TK_2.pdf">2. Test na prospektivní paměť (MIST) a jeho administrace</a>, Aim: The goal of the present study was to validate the Czech version of the Memory for Intentions (Screening) Test (MIST, 2010). We included standardized testing material, translation of administration and scoring, and assessment of normative data for the MIST in the Czech population. Introduction: Prospective memory (PM), i.e., the ability to remember and implement intentions after a delay, is essential as a subsystem of episodic memory for the maintenance of independence and execution of activities of daily living. PM assessment thus plays an important role in the diagnosis of episodic memory disorders. However, there are currently no standardized and validated PM tools in Czech language. Methods: The Czech version of MIST was administered to 30 healthy persons. Results: The MIST Summary score correlated at a medium level with a range of neuropsychological measures including memory retention, mental flexibility, and resistance to interference (all rho = 0.37–0.42; all p < 0.05). The reliability of MIST in terms of internal consistency was insufficient when analyzing the eight individual MIST trials (α = 0.50), as was split‑half reliability (split‑half reliability = 0.56). In contrast, there was a high degree of reliability between six subscales classified by type (delay, cue and mode of response; α = 0.88, split‑half = 0.95). Conclusion: The reliability and validity of the Czech version of MIST is comparable to the original English version. The study opens access to standardized PM assessment in clinical populations in the Czech Republic., Na webových stránkách: www.csnn.eu naleznete další přílohy k tomuto článku., and O. Bezdicek, S. A. Raskin, M. Altgassen, E. Ruzicka
The majority of the conservation strategies for threatened dragonflies are designed to protect only their aquatic habitats. Sympetrum depressiusculum is a species threatened not only by the destruction of its aquatic habitats but also by its association with a specific terrestrial environment. In this study, we aimed to identify the key elements of the terrestrial environment of adult S. depressiusculum. We used generalized linear mixed models to determine habitat preferences of adults and the particular features of habitat patches, such as vegetation cover, vegetation structure and the availability of potential prey. Our results indicate that S. depressiusculum adults preferred mainly riparian vegetation but beyond ponds they utilized only certain terrestrial habitats (abandoned fields, meadows, forest clearings). Adults responded positively to habitat patches with a high cover of vegetation and suitable vegetation structure. Adult abundance was affected also by the distance of patches from the natal site. In an agricultural landscape, the availability of such habitat patches may be limited and could influence the abundance and distribution of this species. We suggest that conservation efforts for this species should not only focus on the larval environment but also include suitable surrounding terrestrial habitats. Effective management around natal sites should concentrate on maintaining a heterogeneous landscape, which is extensively managed (e.g. leaving several fields fallow, maintaining managed hay meadows)., Michal Hykel, Filip Harabiš, Aleš Dolný., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Dyslipidemia is the risk fact or of cardiovascular disease, but the relationship between the plasma triglyceride (TG) levels and total/cardiovascular mortality has not yet been analy zed in Slavs. The aim of our study was to analy ze the association between the fasting TG levels and all- cause/cardiovascular mortality. We have examined 3,143 males and 3,650 females, aged 58.3±7.1 years. 729 deaths (274 cardiovascular deaths) have been registered during up to 11.8 years of follow -up. Age -sex adjusted all -cause mortality was higher in individuals with TG values 3.01 -4.00 mmol /l (HR 1.37, 95 % CI 1.02- 1.83, P=0.035) and over 4.00 mmol /l (HR 1.66, 95 % CI 1.21 -2.27, P=0.002) when compared with a reference group (TG 1.41 -1.80 mmol /l). Elevated risk remains significant when adjusted for education, marital status and unemployment. When further adjusted for smoking, BMI and dyslipidemia interventions, HR for those in above 4.00 mmol/l group decreas ed (1.42, P=0.04). The results have been similar when cardiovascular mortality has been examined, however, results reached statistical significance only for the TG over 4.0 mmol /l (P=0.028). Our results confirmed that enhanced plasma levels of plasma triglycerides are dose dependently associated with increased risk of all- cause mortality, however, it s eems that individuals with TG values 1.8 -3.0 mmol /l are not in higher risk of death., H. Pikhart, J. A. Hubáček, A. Peasey, R. Kubínová, M. Bobák., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of A1166C polymorphism in angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene with baroreflex sensitivity (BRS in ms/mm Hg; BRSf in mHz/mm Hg) in man. BRS and BRSf were determined by a spectral method in 135 subjects (19-26 years) at a frequency of 0.1 Hz. Genotypes were detected by means of polymerase chain reaction and restriction analysis using enzyme DdeI. We compared BRS and BRSf among genotypes of this polymorphism. The frequency of genotypes of AT1R A1166C polymorphism was: 45.9 % (AA, n=62), 45.9 % (AC, n=62), 8.2 % (CC, n=11). Differences in BRS (p<0.05) and BRSf (p<0.01) among genotypes of this single nucleotide polymorphism were found (Kruskal-Wallis: BRS - AA: 7.9±3.3, AC: 8.6±3.6, CC: 5.9±2.3 ms/mm Hg; BRSf - AA: 12.0±4.0, AC: 12.0±5.0, CC: 8.0±3.0 mHz/mm Hg). Compared to carriers of other genotypes (AA+AC) the homozygotes with the less frequent allele (CC) showed significantly lower BRSf (Mann-Whitney: BRSf - AA+AC: 12.0±4.0, CC: 8.0±3.0 mHz/mm Hg; p<0.01) and borderline lower BRS (BRS - AA+AC: 8.2±3.5, CC: 5.9±2.5 ms/mm Hg; p=0.07). We found a significant association of A1166C polymorphism in AT1 receptor gene with baroreflex sensitivity. Homozygosity for the less frequent allele was associated with decreased baroreflex sensitivity., M. Jíra ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Both, common gene variants and human adenovirus 36 (Adv36) are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. The potential relationship between these two pathogenic factors has not yet been investigated. The aim of our study was to examine the association of obesity susceptibility loci with Adv36 status. Genotyping of ten gene variants (in/near TMEM18, SH2B1, KCTD15, PCSK1, BDNF, SEC16B, MC4R, FTO) and analysis of Adv36 antibodies was performed in 1,027 Czech adolescents aged 13.0-17.9 years. Variants of two genes (PCSK1 and BDNF) were associated with Adv36 seropositivity. A higher prevalence of Adv36 antibody positivity was observed in obesity risk allele carriers of PCSK1 rs6232, rs6235 and BDNF rs4923461 vs. noncarriers (χ2=6.59, p=0.010; χ2=7.56, p=0.023 and χ2=6.84, p=0.033, respectively). The increased risk of Adv36 positivity was also found in PCSK1 variants: rs6232 (OR=1.67, 95 % CI 1.11-2.49, p=0.016) and rs6235 (OR=1.34, 95 % CI 1.08-1.67, p=0.010). PCSK1 rs6232 and BDNF rs925946 variants were closely associated with Adv36 status in boys and girls, respectively (χ2=5.09, p=0.024; χ2=7.29, p=0.026). Furthermore, PCSK1 rs6235 risk allele was related to Adv36 seropositivity (χ2=6.85, p=0.033) in overweight/obese subgroup. In conclusion, our results suggest that obesity risk variants of PCSK1 and BDNF genes may be related to Adv36 infection., L. Dušátková, H. Zamrazilová, I. Aldhoon Hainerová, R. L. Atkinson, B. Sedláčková, Z. P. Lee, J. Včelák, B. Bendlová, M. Kunešová, V. Hainer., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Present study aimed to explore the levels and correlation of oxidative stress biomarkers with anthropometry in a population of young Saudi females. One hundred six normotensives, non-diabetic Saudi females, with minimally active lifestyle, based on their body mass index (BMI) were divided as; normal-weight (NW; n=52), overweight (OW; n=24) and obese (OB; n=30). Anthropometric measurements [BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), Body Density (BD), Body Adiposity Index (BAI), % Body fat] and oxidative stress biomarkers; Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), 8-hydroxy-2- deoxyguanosine (8-OH-2dG: indicative of DNA/RNA damage), Superoxide dismutase, Serum total antioxidant capacity) were recorded. There was statistically significant higher 8-OH-2dG (pg/ml) in OB compared to NW (800.63±6.19 vs. 780.22±3.34; p=0.007), as determined by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. 8-OH-2dG was significantly and positively associated with BMI (r=0.286, p=0.004), WC (r=0.280, p=0.005), BAI (r=0.26, p=0.008), and % body fat (r=0.27, p=0.006). There may be significantly increased DNA damage in normoglycemic, normotensive obese adolescent females. This can be linked to the amount of adipose tissue in the body as depicted by strong positive association between DNA damage and BMI, WC, BAI, and % body fat., R. Latif, N. Rafique., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The LRP5 gene is believed to be primarily associated with bone metabolism via Wnt signaling. The latter pathway, however, appears to control various other systems outside the skeleton. To find the relationships of the LRP5 gene to serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH ) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the cohort of normal postmenopausal women, we identified the C/T (c.4037:A1330V) polymorphism in the LRP5 gene using a restriction analysis of the PCR product in a cohort of 165 untreated pre- and post-menopausal women. In a subset of 111 post-menopausal women we analyzed the association between the LRP5 genotype and serum levels of sex-hormones including FSH and LH. The distribution of CC, TC and TT genotypes of the C/T polymorphism in the whole group was 73.9 %, 23.6 % and 2.4 %, respectively, which is comparable with other Caucasian populations. As no TT homozygote was found in the group of post-menopausal women, serum sex-hormones were compared between CC and TC genotypes. Women with the CT allele combination had markedly higher serum FSH levels as compared to carriers of the CC genotype (p<0.004). No differences between these genotypes were found in serum LH levels as well as the circulating sex-steroids such as estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and/or its sulphate, androstenedione and SHBG. To conclude, the LRP5 gene is associated with circulating FSH in normal post-menopausal women in the present study. The mediating role of subtle undetectable variations in estrogen levels is discussed. We did not find any relationship between the LRP-5 genotype and serum LH levels., I. Žofková, M. Hill, K. Zajíčková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Psoriasis patients are often susceptible to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including atherosclerosis. Traditional markers (biochemical and inflammatory) and diagnostic tools could detect occlusive but not subclinical atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), has recently been recognised as a non invasive diagnostic tool for identification of premature atherosclerosis. Therefore we evaluated 80 psoriasis patients and 80 age sex matched healthy controls for serum leptin levels and apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio (apoB/apoA-I ratio) in relation with CIMT of carotid artery. Carotid intima-media thickness and carotid plaques were simultaneously measured by carotid sonography. Serum concentration of leptin and apolipoprotein were measured using enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and nephelometry respectively. Raised CIMT correlated to age of onset of the disease, serum leptin and apoB/apoA-I ratio in psoriasis patients. Taking into account, values that were above the 75 percentile of the three markers (leptin, apoB/apoA-I ratio and CIMT) the odds ratio was 4.26 (2.06-8.80 CI). Leptin and apoB/apoA-I ratio showed significant cumulative association with CIMT. Results of predictive analysis supports measurement of CIMT along with estimation of serum leptin and apoB/apoA-I ratio for prediction of premature atherosclerosis in psoriasis patients. and K. Asha, S. B. Sharma, A. Singal, A. Aggarwal