[Sv.] 1, Rozprava o zdokonalení rozumu a Ethika po geometricku vyložená, Benedikt de Spinoza ; přeložili Frant. Krejčí, Čestmír Stehlík a Alois Stejskal., and KČSN
The review is devoted to the outstanding contributions to the path of carbon in photosynthesis by Professor Emeritus Andrew A. Benson, on the occasion of his death at the age of 97, on January 16, 2015. Benson is the legendary co-discoverer of the photosynthetic reductive pentose phosphate cycle, known to every student of photosynthesis as the Benson-Bassham-Calvin cycle. This pathway evolved into the dominant assimilation mechanism for atmospheric carbon into metabolites. The fundamental ecological and biochemical optimization and evolutionary stability of this mechanism unfolded elegantly in Benson’s hands, as he was the first to recognize the building blocks for the synthesis of essential organic compounds that satisfy the energetic needs and demands of most life forms. Photosynthetic carbon metabolism together with other energy and oxidative reactions and secondary biosynthetic processes are critical for the formation of organic matter; and, thereby, the Benson-Bassham-Calvin cycle ensures maintenance of the biosphere., K. Biel, I. Fomina., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The macrozoobenthos in saline pools at dumps in a former coal mining area was studied over a period of two years. Due to specific environmental conditions these pools are unique in the Czech Republic. Extremely high values of salinity (up to 11‰) along with a low concentration of dissolved phosphorus (0.01-0.1 mg.l-1) are typical of some of the water in this area. The pools were grouped into three categories based on their conductivity values and treated using cow dung, municipal wastewater treatment sludge and inorganic NPK (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium) fertilizer at doses recommended for carp ponds. The application of fertilizer had a positive effect on the density and biomass of all the groups in the macrozoobenthos. The highest and the lowest increases in macrozoobenthos biomass were recorded after the application of NPK and cow dung, respectively. However, the application of fertilizer had no effect on the diversity of macrozoobenthos. Chironomus aprilinus, recorded in the Czech Republic for the first time, inhabited all pools with conductivity ranges of between 5,000-16,000 µS.cm-1. The density of C. aprilinus larvae increased with increasing salinity reaching a maximum of about 17,083 ind.m-2 (biomass - 82 g.m-2). Analysis of C. aprilinus phenology revealed a bivoltine pattern with the summer generation of larvae reaching a maximum in June-July and the overwintering generation in October to November., Josef Matěna, Iva Šínová, Jakub Brom, Kateřina Novotná., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Beta-integers were defined as a generalization of integers by Alfréd Rényi in 1957 in the course of his study of expansions of real numbers in non-integer bases. Together with mathematicians, crystallographers are also interested in this unusual structure. They have found out that beta-lattices are in particular convenience for the description of quasicrystals and their diffraction images., Ľubomíra Balková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Betaglucans are highly conserved structural polysacharids in the cell walls of bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, seaweed, yeast, fungi, lichens, and some plants, particularly grain. They belong to a group of active natural substances commonly called biological response modifiers (BRM) and play a role as potent immune response stimulators in all multicellular animals. Their effects against infectious diseases and in cancer therapy have been described in many experimental research studies and human case histories but their functional mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. and Petr Šíma.