The four decades of breath-taking political and economic changes in China raise a host of questions about the governance of this, in many ways unique, world power. The authors analyse the economic, political and historical context of the origins and operation of the present-day Chinese political model, the country’s legal system and the role of the Communist Party in the Chinese society, similar in many ways to the role previously played by China’s imperial dynasties. They also highlight the new trends in Chinese domestic politics and foreign policy of the late 2010s, which bear witness to a sustained effort of the Chinese political leadership to enhance China’s great-power status on the global stage., Miloš Balabán, Michal Tomášek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
This article is focused on describing conditions of the recognition of the civil status of transsexual and transgender people (trans persons) in the Czech Republic, or former Czechoslovakia. It is based on a questionnaire created for the purposes of the XX International Congress of Comparative Law, Japan, Fukuoka, 2018. The Czech Republic' national report aims to be a basic but thorough resource of legal information relating to the civil status of trans persons for future comparative analyses of the International Academy of Comparative Law., Zdeňka Králíčková., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
A digraph is associated with a finite group by utilizing the power map f: G → G defined by f(x) = xkfor all x \in G, where k is a fixed natural number. It is denoted by γG(n, k). In this paper, the generalized quaternion and 2-groups are stud- ied. The height structure is discussed for the generalized quaternion. The necessary and sufficient conditions on a power digraph of a 2-group are determined for a 2-group to be a generalized quaternion group. Further, the classification of two generated 2-groups as abelian or non-abelian in terms of semi-regularity of the power digraphs is completed., Uzma Ahmad, Muqadas Moeen., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Let $\Delta$ be a pure simplicial complex on the vertex set $[n]=\{1,\ldots,n\}$ and $I_\Delta$ its Stanley-Reisner ideal in the polynomial ring $S=K[x_1,\ldots,x_n]$. We show that $\Delta$ is a matroid (complete intersection) if and only if $S/I_\Delta^{(m)}$ ($S/I_\Delta^m$) is clean for all $m\in\mathbb{N}$ and this is equivalent to saying that $S/I_\Delta^{(m)}$ ($S/I_\Delta^m$, respectively) is Cohen-Macaulay for all $m\in\mathbb{N}$. By this result, we show that there exists a monomial ideal $I$ with (pretty) cleanness property while $S/I^m$ or $S/I^{(m)}$ is not (pretty) clean for all integer $m\geq3$. If $\dim(\Delta)=1$, we also prove that $S/I_\Delta^{(2)}$ ($S/I_\Delta^2$) is clean if and only if $S/I_\Delta^{(2)}$ ($S/I_\Delta^2$, respectively) is Cohen-Macaulay., Somayeh Bandari, Ali Soleyman Jahan., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
GNSS meteorology is the remote sensing of the atmosphere (particularly troposphere) using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to deliver information about its state. The two currently available navigation satellite systems are the Global Positioning System (GPS) and the GLObal'naya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (GLONASS) maintained by the United States and Russia, respectively. The Galileo navigation satellite system, which is under supervision of the European Space Agency (ESA), is expected to be completed within the time frame of a few years. Continuous observations from GNSS receivers provide an excellent tool for studying the earth’s atmosphere. The GNSS meteorology has reached a point, where there is a need to improve methods not only to compute Integrated Water Vapor over the GNSS receiver, but also to investigate the water vapor distribution in space and time (4DWVD). Since 2008, the new national permanent GNSS network ASG-EUPOS (98 stations) has been established in Poland. 17 Polish stations equipped with GNSS receivers and uniform meteorological sensors work currently in the frame of the European Permanent Network. This paper presents the concept of the integrated investigations for NRT atmosphere model construction based on the GNSS and meteorological observations from ASG-EUPOS stations., Jarosław Bosy, Witold Rohm and Jan Sierny., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The gene for connexin 37 (Cx37) is considered to be one of the candidate genes for cardiovascul ar disease. We evaluated the association between Cx37 (1019C>T) gene polymorphism (Pro319Ser) and ankle brachial blood pressure index (ABI) in women with type 1 (n=178) and ty pe 2 (n=111) diabetes, and in women from general population (n=862). All women were genotyped for Cx37 polymorphism. In addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, ABI was analyzed. In women with type 1 diabetes, ABI significantly decreased from TT to CC carriers (p for trend= 0.008). A similar trend was seen in women with type 2 diabetes (p=0.050) and in women with waist circumference above 75 th percentile (94 cm; n=208) of the general population (p=0.049). The gene for Cx37 was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in women with type 1 and 2 diabetes and in women with advanced central obesity. The presence of C allele indicated increased risk., J. Piťha, J. A. Hubáček, P. Piťhová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Seismic and rock burst hazards still currently appear to be important in most hard coal mines in Poland. Recently, there has been a significant increase in seismic activity in the Silesian rock mass, in comparison to previous years. In the period 2001-2010, hard coal mines experienced 33 rock bursts. The causes of rock burst occurrences are here presented, based on an analysis of the rock bursts that occurred in Polish hard coal mines. The scale of the rock burst hazard has been characterized with respect to the mining and geological conditions of the existing exploitation. The most essential of the factors influencing the status of rock burst hazard is considered to be the depth of the interval, ranging from 550 m to 1150 m. The basic factors that cause rock burst to occur are as follows: seismogenic strata, edges and remnants, goafs, faults, pillars and excessive panelling. The consequences of rock bursts are damaged and/or destroyed roadways. On this basis, the areas (ranges) of safe zones were selected as being those safe from rock burst hazard in roadways, according to the assessment conducted to establish different degrees of the risk., Renata Patyńska., and Obsahuje bibliografii