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22562. The contractile response of isolated small pulmonary arteries induced by activated macrophages
- Creator:
- Žaloudíková, M., Jan Herget, and Martin Vízek
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, tepny, kyslík, arteries, oxygen, isolated pulmonary arteries, reactive oxygen species, macrophage, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- To test whether macrophages can play any role in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, we tested the in vitro response of rings from small pulmonary arteries to the activation of macrophages by FMLP, a substance stimulating predominantly membrane-bound NADPH oxidase. A small vessel myograph was used to measure the responses of rings from small pulmonary arteries (300-400 μ m) isolated from rat lungs. Rings from 5 rats were placed into both chambers of the myograph. The vessels were stabilized for 40 min and then normalized by automatic stretching to a wall tension equivalent to the intravascular pressure 30 mm Hg. At the start of each experiment, vessels were exposed to 80 mM K + to obtain maximal contractile response, which was used to normalize subsequent contractile responses. 2x10 6 viable macrophages, obtained by peritoneal lavage, were added into one chamber, then 5 μ M FMLP was administrated to both chambers and the tension measurement was started. The hydrogen peroxide concentration produced by stimulated macrophages was measured luminometrically. The concentrations of H 2 O 2 in specimens from chambers containing activated macrophages rose from 3.5±1.5 nM to 110±28 nM within 25 min of stimulation, while FMLP itself didn’t increase the H 2 O 2 concentration from the baseline value (4.5±3 nM) in samples from control chambers. After FMLP administration, the tension of the vessel rings in the presence of macrophages reached 0.23±0.07 of maximal contractile response, it did not change in controls. The additi on of ROS scavenger 4-hydroxy- TEMPO blocked the contractile response to the activation of macrophages. We conclude that the activation of macrophages stimulates the contraction of small pulmonary arteries and that this contraction is probably mediated by reactive oxygen species., M. Žaloudíková, J. Herget, M. Vízek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
22563. The contribution of skin glycosaminoglycans to the regulation of sodium homeostasis in rats
- Creator:
- Sugár, D, Agócs, R, Tatár, E, Tóth, G, Horváth, P, Sulyok, E, and Szabó, A. J
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- sodík, tělesné tekutiny, krevní tlak, sodium, body fluids, blood pressure, glycosaminoglycans, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) molecules are a group of high molecular weight, negatively charged polysaccharides present abundantly in the mammalian organism. By their virtue of ion and water binding capacity, they may affect the redistribution of body fluids and ultimately the blood pressure. Data from the literature suggests that the mitogens Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-A and VEGF-C are able to regulate the amount and charge density of GAGs and their detachment from the cell surface. Based on these findings we investigated the relationship between the level of dietary sodium intake, the expression levels of VEGF-A and VEGF-C, and the amount of the skin GAGs hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate in an in vivo rat model. Significant correlation between dietary sodium intake, skin sodium levels and GAG content was found. We confirmed the GAG synthesizing role of VEGF-C but failed to prove that GAGs are degraded by VEGF-A. No significant difference in blood pressure was registered between the different dietary groups. A quotient calculated form the ion and water content of the skin tissue samples suggests that - in contrast to previous findings - the osmotically inactive ions and bound water fractions are proportional., D. Sugár, R. Agócs, E. Tatár, G. Tóth, P. Horváth, E. Sulyok, A. J. Szabó., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
22564. The correction to stratigraphy of the cretaceous formation in the Ohře region
- Creator:
- Štaffen, Zdeněk
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, stratigrafie, stratigraphy, Ohře (Německo a Česko : řeka : oblast), Ohře River Valley (Germany and Czechia), cretaceous sediments, carbonate content, correlation, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In 1965 the PD-1 mapping borehole was drilled in the classical location in Březno u Loun in the Ohře facies region. It was examined by many authors with various results. In 2006 the re vision of these results was pe rformed in archival samples. Carbonate content and insoluble residue minerals were determined. The gathered data were compared with similarly examined boreholes in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. The correlation showed that in the western and eastern Poohří region the profiles with different stratigraphy level were compared. After the elimination of this discrepancy the actual stratigraphy of the Poohří region can be easily compared with the other regions of the basin. The Č. Zahálka's statement of the equivalency of the sediment filling of the Ohře facies region and the Jizera formation in the Kokořín region is correct. This fact was validated by the Pd-1 borehole profile, where, due to a tectonic coupling, yet unknown, missing part of the youngest sediments of the Teplice and Březno formations (the real zone Xd) was conserved., Zdeněk Štaffen., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
22565. The Czech and Slovak republic in 1992: the process of the divergence
- Creator:
- Bulíř, Aleš
- Publisher:
- CERGE UK
- Format:
- print and 18 s.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Národní hospodářství a hospodářská politika, národní hospodářství, Slovensko, Česko, 330.5+338, (437.3), (437.6), and 4
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Aleš Bulíř.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
22566. The Czech economic elite after fifteen years of post-socialist transformation
- Creator:
- Machonin, Pavel, Tuček, Milan, and Nekola, Martin
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- post-socialist transformation, Czech Republic, economic elite, and change
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The East-Central European post-socialist transformations have now reached a new stage, with the need to address the problems of further modernisation and maintenance in the context of the EU. The role of elites in this process is as intermediators between the influence of the European context and the needs and interests of differentiated internal social structures. Their attitudes and behaviour exhibit a high degree of internal fragmentation and division corresponding to various strategical orientations favouring various societal models. The post-socialist Czech economic elite was initially reproduced out of former state socialist managers and their cadre reserves. After the first phase of economic developments, inspired by neo-liberal radical privatisation and elements of 'shock therapy', and once the new, more European phase ushered in many new factors, there was a distinct decline in the number of 'old-new' economic elite on the scene. In the empirical part of the article the results of several surveys are used to briefly describe the changes in the composition of the Czech economic elite in the 1994-2005 period and to summarise their attitudes and behaviour. The analysis concludes that the current image of a liberal and pro-European Czech elite is consistent with the stable and remarkable progress of the Czech economy since 1999, the considerable wealth, strong profits, and high salaries enjoyed by top elites, and the enhancement of their role in the European economy. There are also some limitations and weak points that diverge from this general picture. The article's conclusions touch on the question of the role of the economic elite in the progress of arriving at more consensual attitudes and behaviour among societal elites as a whole, favouring further economic growth, modernisation and the strengthening of social cohesion in the context of the EU.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
22567. The Czechoslovak anabasis across Russia and Siberia
- Creator:
- Rudolf Medek
- Publisher:
- Czech Society
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and 45 s. ; 18 cm
- Type:
- text, volume, pojednání, essays, model:monograph, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Vojenství. Obrana země. Ozbrojené síly, první světová válka (1914-1918), zahraniční vojenské jednotky, Československo, 1914-1918, cesty a pobyt, Rusko, Sibiř (Rusko), World War (1914-1918), external forces, voyages and travels, Russia (Federation), Siberia (Russia), 94(100)"1914/1918", 355.318.2, 910.4, (470+571), (571.1/.5), (437), (049), 15, and 355/359
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- by Rudolf Medek
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
22568. The Czechoslovak large privatization
- Creator:
- Mejstřík, Michal and Burger, James
- Publisher:
- CERGE
- Format:
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
22569. The Czechoslovak Republic: a Survey of its History and Geography, its Political and Cultural Organization, and its Economic Resources
- Creator:
- Jaroslav Císař and František Pokorný
- Publisher:
- T. Fisher Unwin and Orbis
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and 218 s. : il.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Dějiny Česka a Slovenska, Vnitropolitický vývoj, politický život, do 1922, dějiny, geografie, politika, kultura, hospodářská politika, národní hospodářství, průmysl, zemědělství, lesnictví, Československo, 94(437), 91, 32, 316.7, 338.2, (437), (048.8), (036), 8, 15, 323, and UE01
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- By Jaroslav Císař and F. Pokorný.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
22570. The deep red state of photosystem II in Cyanidioschyzon merolae
- Creator:
- Langley, J., Morton, J., Purchase, Rupert, Tian, L., Shen, L., Han, G., Shen, J.-R., and Krausz, E.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- optická spektroskopie, fotosyntéza, optical spectroscopy, photosynthesis, optical spectra, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- We identified and characterised the deep red state (DRS), an optically-absorbing charge transfer state of PSII, which lies at lower energy than P680, in the red algae Cyanidioschyzon merolae by means of low temperature absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopies. The photoactive DRS has been previously studied in PSII of the higher plant Spinacia oleracea, and in the cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus. We found the DRS in PSII of C. merolae has similar spectral properties. Treatment of PSII with dithionite leads to reduction of cytochrome (cyt) b559 and the PsbV-based cyt c550 as well as the disassembly of the oxygen-evolving complex. Whereas the overall visible absorption spectrum of PSII was little affected, the DRS absorption in the reduced sample was no longer seen. This bleaching of the DRS is discussed in terms of a corresponding lack of a DRS feature in D1D2/cyt b559 reaction centre preparations of PSII., J. Langley, J. Morton, R. Purchase, L. Tian, L. Shen, G. Han, J.-R. Shen, E. Krausz., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public