At first glance, the Israeli right might be regarded as a sort of monolith. Characterized by intransigence vis-à-vis the great powers (initially the British) and the Arabsalike and with iconic strongmen at the helm, both the post-independence Herut party and its interwar predecessor(s) clearly demonstrated to the outside world what Zionist maximalism stood for, particularly in terms of its political and terriotiral demands. on a closer look, however, many of the sought after parallels between the interwar Zionist right and the post-independence Israeli right are more imagined than real. in fact, not only were the particular groupings made up of different sets of players (often in opposition to each other), but their very worldviews differed, sometimes fundamentally. After all, the paramilitary groups from which the Israeli right developed had self-distanced themselves from any sort of reliance on political means or international guarantees, rejecting the very notions which had stood at the core of interwar Revisionism, the alleged forefather of the Israeli right., Jan Zouplna., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The present article deals with the figure of the last Babylonian king, Nabonid (555-539 BC), who was deposed by his Persian rival, Cyrus II, (559-530 BC). It traces nabonid's life career and provides an overview of historical written sources pertaining to his reign. Special attention is devoted to the famous text referred to as King of justice, whose first Czech translation is presented here. its importance lies in the fact that it offers a unique description of the river ordeal (divine judgment) in Babylonian literature., Jiří Prosecký., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The article deals withthe visit of the last Korean crown prince, Yi Ŭn (Gin Ri), and his Japanese spouse, Masako Ri (Yi Pangja), to Prague in December 1927. It is based on the so-far unknown sources of the Office of the President of the Republic (1927), Czech newspapers (October-December 1927), Korean internet sources and relevant works on Korean history. Their visit to Czechoslovakia was part of their extended visit to several European countries. In spite of its private character and the non-pursuit of diplomatic aims, the couple experienced a high level welcome. They were granted an audience with the Presiden of the Czechoslovak republic, T. G. Masaryk, during which they met the leading representatives of the Czechoslovak government and army (the minister of foreign affairs, E. Beneš, the promienent commanders of the Czechoslovak Legions in Siberia and Vladivostok in 1920). As part of the reception, Yi Ŭn was bestowed with the Order of the White Lion, the highest Czechoslovak award. The article provides a breif overview of Korean history from 1876 onwards and expalins the methods used by the Japanese to make the last Korean prince - the possible Korean emperor - their army officer., Zdenka Klöslová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The creation of the Portuguese overseas empire began after 1415 in the Atlantic area and gradually transformed itself into a multi-continental phenomenon. Around 1500, there was a period of particular expansion into Asia and Morocco, with a further consolidation of their position in Africa and Brazi. Although the king had tried to isolate the state from contemporary European events and had been engaged exclusively in activities on the world stage, the rather small and sparsely populated country began to run out of steam. The result was the enforced renunciation of her interests in North Africa (1542-1550), which had previously attracted more of the Crown's interest that the Orient. However, thereafter, the privileged position of the East in the Portuguese empire was never questioned, at least not at the ideological level., Karel Staněk., and Obsahuje bibliografii
This paper deals with the causes of the Arab Spring in Yemen. It analyses political causes such as the system of political patronage and both the internal and external conflicts, which have weakened the state at multiple levels. It also discusses the social and economic causes, such as poverty, unemployment and the problems of oil, qat and water. This combination of political and socioeconomic factors, fuelled by the protests in Tunisia and Egypt, created a revolution, which led to the overthrow of the president, Ali Abdullah Saleh, who had ruled Yemen for 33 years., Veronika Kramáreková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In the years following the June 1967 War, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict intruded on Lebanese political life. This development, in combination with the demographic and political changes taking place inside Lebanon itself, upset the country's fragile sectarian balance and plunged it into fifteen years of vicious and destructive civil war. The civil war was not an exclusively Lebanese affair; it was precipitated by the Palestinian presence in the country. Support for the Palestinians came primarily from Muslims alienated by the existing system, which benefited the political leaders and their associates but failed to provide basic social services to broad sections of the population. The social and economic grievances of Muslims were compounded by the sectarian arrangements that continued to favour the coutry's Christians., Karol Sorby., and Obsahuje bibliografii
This article deals with different interpretations of Salafism. Salafism is most commonly identified with two periods: the classical medieval Salafism associated with the 14th-century scholar Ibn Taymiyya (d. 1328), and the Salafism of the 18th-century movements of revival and reform. classical Salafism emerged as theologic and juridical movement in Sunni Islam. however, Ibn Taymiyya influenced modern Salafis by two differents ways. Some strictly followed his traditionalist theology based on Koran and hadith literature and - to some extent - even his call for ijtihad, while others were not strictly following his teachings. These later mentioned were not traditionalist (ahl al-hadith) but rather modernists, who inclined deliberately to more racional interpretation. That is why later Salafis, despite their common use of the term Salafi, represented two movements that were in fact very different. nowadays, only traditionalist Salafism is of significance, being part of Globa Islam., Pavel Ťupek., and Obsahuje bibliografii