Results of research by scientists from the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR have been published on the U.S. National Library of Medicine website. Their work on the STIM1-directed reorganization of microtubules in activated mast cells could help in fighting allergies. The study reports that activation of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) induced by FcεRI aggregation or treatment with pervanadate or thapsigargin results in the generation of protrusions containing microtubules (microtubule protrusions). In the study, formation of these protrusions depended on the influx of extracellular Ca(2+). Changes in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration also affected microtubule plus-end dynamics detected by microtubule plus-end tracking protein EB1. Experiments with knockdown or reexpression of STIM1, the key regulator of SOCE, confirmed the important role of STIM1 in the formation of microtubule protrusions. Although STIM1 in activated cells formed puncta associated with microtubules in protrusions, relocastion of STIM1 to a close proximity of cell membrane was independent of growing microtubules. In accordance with the inhibition of Ag-induced Ca(2+) response and decreased formation of microtubule protrusions in BMMCs with reduced STIM1, the cells also exhibited impaired chemotactic response to Ag. Institute geneticists proposed that rearrangement of microtubules in activated mast cells depends on STIM1-induced SOCE, and that Ca(2+) plays an important role in the formation of microtubule protrusions in BMMCs. and Petr Dráber a Pavel Dráber.
Featured in this issue is an article by Jiří Wiedermann, the director of the Institute of Computer Science of the ASCR, on periodical research assessment in the field of Computer Sciences in the Netherlands from 2002-2008. All publicly funded research in the Netherlands is evaluated once every six years. The evaluation system aims at three objectives regarding research and research management: improvement of the quality of research through an assessment carried out in accord with international standards of quality and relevance; improvement of research management and leadership; seeking higher levels of accountability by research organizations and funding organizations, government and the society at large. and Jiří Wiedermann.
Painting the Jungle, the amply illustrated publication of an excellent Czech author of scientistific drawings, Jan Dungel, brings together fascinating photos and drawings of the jungle from his journeys through South America - Amazonian rainforests, savannahs (grassland with widely spaced trees), Llanos (extensive systems of grasslands on flat plains) or in Pantanal (the world´s largest wetland area in Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay). and [autor recenze] Jan Zima.
Jméno dostal teprve v roce 1986, takže tu s námi zdánlivě není dlouho. Nevzal se ale jen tak odnikud, na člověka se přenesl ze šímpanzů na přelomu 19. a 20. století. HIV řadíme mezi lentiviry, které jsou - v širším slova smyslu - mnohem starší. V roce 2008 odvodil tým ze Stanfordovy univerzity stáří jejich předchůdců na 14 milionů let. Experti z Ústavu molekulární genetiky AV ČR je však nejnovějším výzkumem datují ještě mnohem hlouběji do minulosti. Mohl být vzdálený předchůdce viru HIV současníkem dinosaurů? Nebo je dokonce napadat? and Viktor Černoch.