Comparative scanning electron microscopical studies were carried out on Chonopeltis australis Boxshall, 1976 collected from different localities in the Orange-Vaal River System in South Africa and on material of Chonopeltis minutus Fryer, 1977 and Chonopeltis australissimus Fryer, 1977 on loan from the Albany Museum, Grahamstown. This elucidates the fine structure of morphological features, which are of taxonomic importance and illustrates the significance of the copulatory structures on the legs as a taxonomic tool. It was also concluded that C. australissimus is the same as C. minutus, with C. australissimus the junior synonym.
A new species Chonopeltis liversedgei sp. n. of the endemic African genus Chonopeltis Thiele, 1900 (Crustacea: Branchiura) is described. T his ectoparasite inhabits the branchial chamber of its mormyrid host Mormyrus lacerda Castelnau, 1861 and was collected from three localities in the Okavango River and its inland Delta in Botswana, Southern Africa.