We conducted an experiment to assess the predictive capability of a leaf optical meter for determining leaf pigment status of Acer mono Maxim., A. ginnala Maxim., Quercus mongolica Fisch., and Cornus alba displaying a range of visually different leaf colors during senescence. Concentrations of chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and total Chl [i.e., Chl (a+b)] decreased while the concentration of carotenoids (Car) remained relatively static for all species as leaf development continued from maturity to senescence. C. alba exhibited the lowest average concentration of Chl (a+b), Chl a, and Car, but the highest relative anthocyanin concentration, while Q. mongolica exhibited the highest Chl (a+b), Chl b, and the lowest relative anthocyanin concentration. A. mono exhibited the highest Chl a and Car concentrations. The relationships between leaf pigments and the values measured by the optical meter generally followed an exponential function. The strongest relationships between leaf pigments and optical measurements were for A. mono, A. ginnala, and Q. mongolica (R2 ranged from 0.64 to 0.95), and the weakest relationships were for C. alba (R2 ranged from 0.13 to 0.67). Moreover, optical measurements were more strongly related to Chl a than to Chl b or Chl (a+b). Optical measurements were not related to Car or relative anthocyanin concentrations. We predicted that weak relationships between leaf pigments and optical measurements would occur under very low Chl concentrations or under very high anthocyanin concentrations; however, these factors could not explain the weak relationship between Chl and optical measurements observed in C. alba. Overall, our results indicated that an optical meter can accurately estimate leaf pigment concentrations during leaf senescence - a time when pigment concentrations are dynamically changing - but that the accuracy of the estimate varies across species., Future research should investigate how species-specific leaf traits may influence the accuracy of pigment estimates derived from optical meters., G. Y. Li, D. P. Aubrey, H. Z. Sun., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Výsledky externího hodnocení kvality ukazují nedobrou úroveň harmonizace měření. Závislost na použité metodě (testovací soupravě) je velká bez ohledu na typ matrice použitého kontrolního materiálu (séra individuálních dárců, směs nativních sér, lyofilizované materiály). Příčina je obvyklá - nízká četnost metod s návazností na IFCC referenční metodu z roku 2011 [3]. V dokumentaci řady metod je zaměněna skutečná IFCC referenční metoda 2011 za již dávno neplatnou „referenční“ metodu, ustanovenou v roce 1983 pro inkubační teplotu 30ºC [1]. Problémy s nízkou úrovní harmonizace výsledků ALP jsou dále prohlubovány faktem, že řada výrobců dodává na trh navíc zcela obsoletní metody, zejména pak s dietanolaminovým pufrem. Za těchto podmínek jsou poskytované výsledky nesrovnatelné. Problém s nízkou úrovní harmonizace výsledků vedl k dočasnému vyřazení metod ALP z procesu přidělování certifikátů SEKK klinickým laboratořím. Program standardizace měření ALP v současnosti sice pomalu, ale soustavně pokračuje. Naše sdělení tento proces komentuje a dokumentuje. Zabývali jsme se problémy kalibrace metod odvozených z referenční metody IFCC 2011 a uvádíme nezbytné podmínky k dosažení potřebné úrovně harmonizace výsledků měření ALP., Results obtained in external quality assessment programs show low level of harmonization and comparability in ALP measurement. Dependency of results on the used method/reagent kits are enormous in cases of all types matrices of control samples (individual donor samples, native pool sera, lyophilised sera). Reason of this situation is usual - small number of methods with traceability to IFCC reference method 2011 [3]. Documentation of many methods from many manufacturers systematically confuses real and approved IFCC method 2011 with so called and not valid “reference“ method from 1983, developed originally for incubation temperature 30ºC [1]. Problems with the lack of harmonization are very strongly deteriorated by use of non-standardized and fully obsolete methods with DEA buffer. These methods give very different results from methods with AMP buffer and are still on the marketplace. Mentioned problems lead us to interim interruption of certificate process in external quality assessment program SEKK for ALP. Nevertheless standardization process for ALP slowly continues and our communication comments and documents this process. We dealed with calibration problems of routine methods for ALP based on the reference method 2011 [1]. We propose some tools for achievement of necessary level oh harmonization of ALP measurement results., P. Sedlák, B. Friedecký, J. Kratochvíla, M. Budina, and Literatura