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4535. Devatero pohádek a ještě jedna jako přívažek od Josefa Čapka

Creator:
Karel Čapek and Josef Čapek
Publisher:
F. Borový
Format:
print, text, regular print, and 257 s. : il. ; 21 cm
Type:
model:monograph and TEXT
Subject:
Česká próza, Literatura pro děti a mládež (beletrie), 821.162.3-34, 821-93, (0:82-34), 25, 26, and 821.162.3-3
Language:
Czech
Description:
Karel Čapek ; [ilustroval Josef Čapek] and Pohádku o tlustém pradědečkovi napsal Josef Čapek
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

4537. Developing the concept of "Succession Crisis": New questions to social and political circumstances of Łokietek´s rise to power, 1304-1306

Creator:
Wojciech Baran-Kozłowski
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
I. Lokýtek, polský král, Vladislav, 1261-1333, 14. století, politické dějiny, panovníci, moc, political history, kings and rulers, power (social sciences), Polsko, Poland, následnická krize, succession crisis, 8, and 93/94
Language:
Czech
Description:
The working definition of a “succession crisis” is based on the presumption that stability is a critical factor in a political system. The system becomes vulnerable if something deprives it of its steadiness and pushes it out of balance. A monarch in the medieval political system played the role of the stability factor which was supposed to harmonize contrary interests of different groups and circles in a kingdom. A “succession crisis” erupts when there is no political agreement regarding who should step into the role of a deceased monarch, i.e., who shows the most promise in achieving the goals of stability, harmony and a balance of power. The thrones in Central Europe were emptied nearly simultaneously at the turn of the fourteenth century. Since politics cannot bear a vacuum, these unexpected vacancies opened the field for new candidates to the throne(s). The paper reflects on three subjects. First, it raises the question of a “succession crisis” as a methodological tool for studying politics in the Middle Ages. Secondly, it outlines the stances of the modern Polish historiography on Łokietek’s coming back to power between 1305 and 1314 and his puzzling popularity among the nobility of Little Poland. It also reveals recent opinions of Polish historians about the Bohemian rule in Poland in the turn of the fourteenth century. Finally, the paper applies the concept of “succession crisis” and switch the focus of Łokietek’s attempts for the throne from a political microhistory to a picture of greater regional range. and Wojciech Kozłowski.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

4538. Development of a myxozoan parasite Tetracapsula bryozoides gen. n. et sp. n. in Cristatella mucedo (Bryozoa: Phylactolaemata)

Creator:
Canning, Elizabeth U., Okamura, Beth, and Curry, Alan
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Subject:
Tetracapsula bryozoides gen. n. et sp. n., Myxozoa, Cristatella mucedo, Bryozoa, and ultrastructure
Language:
English
Description:
Development of a new myxozoan parasite Tetracapsula bryozoides gen. n. et sp. n. in the coelomic cavities of Cris-latella mucedo Cuvier is described. Uninucleate proliferative cells are formed within well-defined sacs, the wall of which is one cell thick. The sacs, of different sizes according to age, are free floating and are conspicuously moved about within the coelomic fluid by the ciliary movements of the host. Division of the proliferative cells produces spherical cells of different sizes with nuclei of commensurate size. The largest cells enter sporogony by dividing into ten cells. Four of these become capsulogenic cells arranged as an anterior group, each giving rise to a spherical polar capsule containing a polar filament, possibly without prior formation of an external tube or, at most, very transient formation of these. Four valvogenic cells enclose the two sporoplasms and overlie the capsulogenic cells except at the points of exit of the polar filaments from the polar capsules. The two uninucleate sporoplasms are packed with endoplasmic reticulum, numerous mitochondria with tubular cristae and sporoplasmosomes which are distributed peripherally. Both sporoplasms produce secondary cells. Typical myxosporean features of the wall cells of the sac and all stages within the sac are: nuclei with granular nucleoplasm and prominent nucleolus, gap junctions between cells consisting of thickened membranes with cross connections, and haplosporosomes. A new genus is established for the parasite, defined as having development limited to uninucleate pseudoplasmodia within a sac of parasite origin, each uninucleate sporogonie stage giving rise to one spore with tetraradial symmetry, composed of four shell valves, four anterior polar capsules and two uninucleate sporoplasms with secondary cells. No plasmodia are formed. The genus is placed within the order Multivalvuli-da, in a new family Saccosporidae, defined as having development within a sac of parasite origin and sporogony without external tube or microtubules during polar capsule formation.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

4539. Development of an ELISA using anti-idiotypic antibody for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis

Creator:
Bulashev, Aitbay K, Borovikov, Sergey N, Serikova, Shynar S, Suranshiev, Zhanbolat A, Kiyan, Vladimir S, and Eskendirova, Saule Z
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
parazitologie, parasitology, Opisthorchis felineus, excretory-secretory antigen, antigenicity, immunogenicity, monoclonal antibody, polyclonal antibody, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Monoclonal antibody specific for an epitope of cretory-secretory antigen protein of Opisthorchis felineus (Rivolta, 1884) (Trematoda: Opisthorchiidae) with a molecular weight of 28 kDa was used in a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for immobilisation of liver fluke specific antigen to the solid phase. Examination of human sera by this ELISA compared with commercial assays demonstrated that the monoclonal antibody epitope is located within this significant parasite protein. Anti-idiotypic antibody specific for the paratope of this monoclonal antibody was obtained by a hybridoma technique. Mimicking an epitope of excretory-secretory antigen of O. felineus, it had the capacity to bind specific antibody and elicit an antibody response. The value of anti-idiotypic antibody as a substitute for the liver fluke antigen was tested by ELISA using serum samples of infected dogs. Anti-idiotypic antibody proved to be of value in both an indirect-ELISA and a competitive-ELISA for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis. Mature trematodes were isolated from all infected animals. The faecal egg counts were negative in dogs with a relatively small number of parasites, despite finding antibodies in serum by ELISA. Substitution of parasite antigen with anti-idiotype avoids the use of experimental animals and also reduces time-consuming steps of antigen preparation., Aitbay K. Bulashev, Sergey N. Borovikov, Shynar S. Serikova, Zhanbolat A. Suranshiev, Vladimir S. Kiyan, Saule Z. Eskendirova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

4540. Development of causal interactions between systolic blood pressure and inter-beat intervals in adolescents

Creator:
Jitka Svačinová, Michal Javorka, Zuzana Nováková, Eva Závodná, Czippelová, B., and Nataša Honzíková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, kauzalita, autonomní nervový systém, adolescenti, causality, autonomic nervous system, adolescents, conditional entropy, baroreflex, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) changes control the cardiac interbeat intervals (IBI) duration via baroreflex. Conversely, SBP is influenced by IBI via non- baroreflex mechanisms. Both causal pathways (feedback - baroreflex and feedforward - non- baroreflex) form a closed loop of the SBP- IBI interaction. The aim of this study was to assess the age -related changes in the IBI - SBP interaction. We have non -invasively recorded resting beat -to- beat SBP and IBI in 335 healthy subjects of different age, ranging from 11 to 23 years. Using a linear autoregressive bivariate model we obtained gain (Gain SBP,IBI, used traditionally as baroreflex sensitivity) and coherence (CohSBP,IBI) of the SBP-IBI interaction and causal gain and coherence in baroreflex (Gain SBP → IBI , Coh SBP → IBI ) and coherence in non- baroreflex (CohIBI→SBP) directions separately. A non -linear approach was used for causal coupling indices evaluation (C SBP → IBI , C IBI → SBP ) quantifying the amount of information transferred between signals. We performed a correlation to age analysis of a ll measures. CohIBI→SBP and CIBI→SBP were higher than CohSBP→IBI and CSBP→IBI, respectively. Gain SBP,IBI increased and Coh SBP → IBI decreased with age. The coupling indices did not correlate with age. We conclude that the feedforward influence dominated at rest. The increase of Gain SBP,IBI with age was not found in the closed loop model. A decrease of Coh SBP → IBI could be related to a change in the cardiovascular control system complexity during maturation., J. Svačinová, M. Javorka, Z. Nováková, E. Závodná, B. Czippelová, N. Honzíková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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