Úvod: Odběr ledvin z dárce s nezvratnou zástavou oběhu (DCD – donor after circulatory death) je důležitou součástí transplantačních programů v celosvětovém měřítku. V České republice byla první transplantace ledvin z DCD úspěšně provedena v roce 2002. Autoři diskutují vlastní a literární zkušenosti s tímto programem. Snahou je zvýšit potenciál odběru ledvin z DCD v České republice. Metoda: Od roku 2002 do roku 2015 bylo v plzeňském Transplantačním centru odebráno celkem 44 ledvin z DCD. Technikou byl „in situ“ odběr pomocí „double baloon triple lumen“ katetru při zachování 5–10 min. „no-touch“ intervalu. Metoda hypotermické pulzatilní perfuze byla použita k testování viability odebraných ledvin. Transplantováno bylo celkem 28 ledvin příjemcům o průměrném věku 51,1 roku (26–73 let). Dle maastrichtských kritérií bylo 16 (57,1 %) ledvin ve skupině II, 8 (28,6 %) ve skupině III a 4 (14,3 %) ve skupině IV. Výsledky: 30denní pooperační mortalita byla 0 a morbidita 10,7 tj. 14,3 % (N=4). Primární afunkce ledviny byla přítomna u 2 (7,1 %), opožděný nástup funkce pak u 5 (17,9 %) nemocných. Jeden rok, 5 a 10 let po transplantaci žije 100 %; resp. 86,4 % a 76,7% nemocných a ve stejných intervalech je funkčních 92,9; 69,6 a 61,9 % transplantovaných ledvin. Dlouhodobé výsledky jsou plně srovnatelné s transplantacemi ledvin od dárců se smrtí mozku. Závěr: DCD jsou významným zdrojem ledvin pro transplantace. Transplantace ledvin z DCD je metodou logisticky, ekonomicky a personálně náročnou s velmi dobrými dlouhodobými výsledky., Introduction: Kidney procurement from donors after circulatory death (DCD) is an important part of worldwide transplantation programmes. The first kidney transplantation from DCD was successfully performed in the Czech Republic in 2002. Method: Forty four kidneys from DCD were procured in the Transplant Centre of Pilsen between 2002 and 2015. We used the technique of “in situ“ procurement with the double balloon triple lumen catheter and 5−10 minutes of the no-touch interval. The method of pulsatile hypothermic perfusion was used to test the viability of the kidneys. Twenty eight recipients with mean age 51.1 (26−73) years were transplanted. Sixteen (57.1%) kidneys were from the 2nd, 8 (28.6%) from the 3rd and 4 (14.3%) from the 4th category according to the Maastricht criteria. Results: 30-day mortality and morbidity rates were 0 and 10.7% i. e.14.3% respectively (N=4). Primary non-function was presented in 2 (7.1%), and delayed graft function in 5 (17.9%) cases. One, five and ten years of recipient and graft survival rates were 100%, 86.4% and 76.7%; and 92.9%, 69.6% and 61.9%, respectively. The long-term results are fully comparable with kidneys transplanted from donors after brain death. Conclusion: DCD are an important source for kidney transplantation. Kidney transplantation from DCD is a logistically, economically and personally demanding method with very good long-term results., and V. Třeška, T. Reischig, D. Hasman, B. Čertík, J. Moláček, R. Šulc, M. Čechura, L. Kielberger, K. Houdek, V. Opatrný
An unusual combination of median nerve's variations has been encountered in a male cadaver during routine educational dissection. In particular, the median nerve was formed by five roots; three roots originated from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus joined individually the median nerve's medial root. The latter (fourth) root was united with the lateral (fifth) root of the median nerve forming the median nerve distally in the upper arm and not the axilla as usually. In addition, the median nerve was situated medial to the brachial artery. We review comprehensively the relevant variants, their embryologic development and their potential clinical applications. and K. Natsis, G. Paraskevas, M. Tzika
Congenital malformations such as lumbosacral transitional vertebrae and spina bifida occulta constitute unrare anomalies and could affect the symptomatology of low back pain. A transitional vertebra is characterized by elongation of one or both transverse processes, leading to the appearance ofa sacralized fifth lumbar vertebra or a lumbarized first sacral vertebra. Furthermore, sacral spina bifida occulta is a developmental anomaly that corresponds to the incomplete closure of the vertebral column. In the present case report, we describe a case of a dried sacrum presenting a partially sacralized fifth lumbar vertebra and total spina bifida, extended from first to fifth sacral vertebra. A pseudoarthrosis is formed on the left side and the specimen could be incorporated in Castellvi's type IIa. Moreover, the incidence, morphology, clinical and surgical significance of these spinal malformations are discussed. and P. George, T. Maria, K. Panagiotis
The jugular venous system constitutes the primary venous drainage of the head and neck. It includes a profundus or subfascial venous system, formed by the two internal jugular veins, and a superficial or subcutaneous one, formed by the two anterior and two external jugular veins. We report one case of unilateral anatomical variations of the external and anterior jugular veins. Particularly, on the right side, three external jugular veins co-existed with two anterior jugular veins. Such a combination of venous anomalies is extremely rare. The awareness of the variability of these veins is essential to anesthesiologists and radiologists, since the external jugular vein constitutes a common route for catheterization. Their knowledge is also important to surgeons performing head and neck surgery. and G. Paraskevas, K. Natsis, O. Ioannidis, P. Kitsoulis, N. Anastasopoulos, I. Spyridakis