The aim of this study was to explore changes in plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aged patients who undergone transcatheter aortic valve implantation or balloon angioplasty for the treatment of aortic stenosis. Plasma VEGF was measured in subjects with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) (n=21, age 79.2±1.6 years) and in non-diabetic subjects (non-DM) (n=23, age 84.4±0.7 years), using an ELISA kit. Before the procedure plasma levels of VEGF were significantly lower in DM than in non-DM patients (P<0.05). Plasma VEGF significantly increased in both groups (DM and non-DM) 24 h (387±64 vs. 440±30 pg/ml, P<0.05) and 72 h (323±69 vs. 489±47 pg/ml, P<0.05) after the endovascular procedure. However, the VEGF in DM patients was significantly lower compared to non-DM subjects up to one month after the endovascular procedure (283±47 vs. 386±38 pg/ml, P<0.05). We conclude that increased plasma VEGF in aged patients associates with atherosclerotic aortic valve stenosis. In spite of that plasma VEGF in DM was constantly significantly lower than in non diabetic patients, both before and after the endovascular procedure, possibly reflecting a disturbance of angiogenic/antiangiogenic balance in diabetes., V. Bláha, J. Šťásek, J. Bis, J. Fortunato, C. Andrýs, V. Pavlík, P. Polanský, M. Brtko, L. Sobotka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The skin matrix metalloproteinase 3, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and collagen III content changes in type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance treated with insulin a nd metformin were studied. Healthy adult male Wistar rats were obtained from experimental animal house, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University in Bialystok. The rats were divided randomly into five groups of 8 rats each. Control rats were injected intraperitoneally by NaCl. Type IDDM was induced by a single injection of Streptozocin. Insulin resistance was induced by a high -fat diet. The chosen groups of rats were also treated with insulin or metformin. ELISA K its (USCN Life Science, China) were used to measure content of matrix metallo - proteinase 3 (ELISA Kit for Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 - MMP3), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (ELISA Kit for Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase 2 - TIMP2) and content of collagen type 3 (ELISA Kit for Collagen Type III - COL3). The results were reported as a median. The statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance have significantly reduced the quality of the skin, shown by the increase in cont ent of matrix metalloproteinase 3 and the decrease in content of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2. Type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance have reduced the quality of the skin expressed by type III collagen content decrease but for future studies it is recommend to determine rat interstitial collagenase, MMP -13, as well. Insulin and metformin treatment improved the quality of the diabetic skin, demonstrated by the type III collagen content increase., M. Knaś, K. Wołosik, A. Zalewska, A. Mikucka-Niczyporuk, I. Kasacka, M. Niczyporuk., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in most populations. As the traditional modifiable risk factors (smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity) were defined decades ago, we decided to analyze recent data in patients who survived acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The Czech part of the study included data from 999 males, and compared them with the post-MONICA study (1,259 males, representing general population). The Lithuanian study included 479 male patients and 456 age-matched controls. The Kazakhstan part included 232 patients and 413 controls. In two countries, the most robust ACS risk factor was smoking (OR 3.85 in the Czech study and 5.76 in the Lithuanian study), followed by diabetes (OR 2.26 and 2.07) and hypertension (moderate risk elevation with OR 1.43 and 1.49). These factors did not influence the ACS risk in Kazakhstan. BMI had no significant effect on ACS and plasma cholesterol was surprisingly significantly lower (P<0.001) in patients than in controls in all countries (4.80 ±1.11 vs. 5.76 ±1.06 mmol /l in Czechs; 5.32 ±1.32 vs. 5.71 ±1.08 mmol /l in Lithuanians; 4.88 ±1.05 vs. 5.38±1.13 mmol /l in Kazakhs/Russians). Results from our study indicate substantial heterogeneity regarding major CVD risk factors in different populations with the exception of plasma total cholesterol which was inversely associated with ACS risk in all involved groups. These data reflect ethnical and geographical differences as well as changing pattern of cardiovascular risk profiles., J. A. Hubacek, V. Stanek, M. Gebauerova, V. Adamkova, V. Lesauskaite, D. Zaliaduonyte-Peksiene, A. Tamosiunas, A. Supiyev, A. Kossumov, A. Zhumadilova, J. Pitha., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Aims of the study were to compare the development of electrocardiographic responses of the ischemia-induced heterogeneities of activation and repolarization in the ventricular myocardium of normal and diabetic animals. Body surface ECGs and unipolar electrograms in 64 epicardial leads were recorded before and during 20 min after the ligation of the left anterior descending artery in diabetic (alloxan model, 4 weeks, n=8) and control (n=8) rabbits. Activation times (ATs), end of repolarization times (RTs) and repolarization durations (activation-recovery intervals, ARIs) were determined in ischemic and periischemic zones. In contrast to the controls, the diabetic rabbits demonstrated the significant prolongation of ATs and shortening of ARIs (P<0.05) during ischemia in the affected region resulting in the development and progressive increase of the ARI and RT gradients across the ischemic zone boundary. The alterations of global and local dispersions of the RTs in diabetics correlated with the Tpeak-Tend interval changes in the limb leads ECGs. In the ischemic conditions, the diabetic animals differed from the controls by the activation delay, significant repolarization duration shortening, and the increase of local repolarization dispersion; the latter could be assessed by the Tpeak-Tend interval measurements in the body surface ECGs., K. A. Sedova, M. A. Vaykshnorayte, A. O. Ovechkin, P. Kneppo, O. G. Bernikova, V. A. Vityazev, J. E. Azarov., and Obsahuje bibliografii