Komisař pro výzkum, vědu a inovace Carlos Moedas se v květnu 2015 setkal s předsedou Evropské komise Jean-Claudem Junckerem a významnými evropskými vědci, aby prodiskutovali konkurenceschopnost vědy a dohodli se na vytvoření nového vědeckého poradního mechanismu (Scientific Advice Mechanism - SAM) and Klára Glittová.
Článek předkládá aktuální pohled na problematiku neolitické těžební lokality Bílý kámen u Sázavy (okr. Benešov). Své výsledky opírá jak o analýzu dostupných starších nálezů, tak o poznatky získané novým archeologickým výzkumem. Zjištění ukazují, že tradovanou představu o jedné z nejvýznamnějších památek po pravěké těžební činnosti nesilicitových hornin ve střední Evropě bude nutné podstatně revidovat. Již konstatování, že se nejedná o hlavní zdroj suroviny mramorových náramků kultury s vypíchanou keramikou (5100/5000–4500/4400 cal BC) otevírá nový prostor ve zdánlivě dávno vyřešené diskusi. Zároveň získaná radiokarbonová data obohacují naše poznání o aktivity probíhající na Bílém kameni v pozdním středověku a raném novověku. and The article presents a current view of the issue of the Neolithic mining site of Bílý kámen near Sázava (Czech Republic, Benešov district). The results are based both on an analysis of earlier finds and on the finds from a new archaeological excavation. The findings show that the traditional idea of one of the most important monuments of prehistoric mining activities of non-silicate rock in Central Europe will need to be substantially revised. The fact that it is not the main source of the raw material of marble bracelets during the period of the Stroked Pottery culture (5100/5000–4500/4400 cal BC) opens new space in a seemingly long-resolved discussion. Radiocarbon data enrich our knowledge of the activities taking place at Bílý kámen in the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern period.
The oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In CVD progression an aberrant redox regulation was observed. In this regulation levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cellular signaling, where Nrf2 is the key regulator of redox homeostasis. Keap1-Nrf2-ARE system regulates a great set of detoxificant and antioxidant enzymes in cells after ROS and electrophiles exposure. In this review we focus on radical-generating systems in cardiovascular system as well as on Nrf2 as a target against oxidative stress and a key player of redox regulation in cardiovascular diseases. We also summarize the current knowledge about the role of Nrf2 in pathophysiology of several CVD (hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyopathies) as well as in cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion injury., M. Barančík, L. Grešová, M. Barteková, I. Dovinová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
A new species of amphizoic amoeba, Nuclearia pattersoni sp. n., isolated from gills of Rutilus rutilus L. is described. It is characterised by elongate flattened trophozoites of irregular shape. The longer dimension of their bodies is 13.2 (11.0-15.7) µm. Filopodia radiating mostly from the poles are 2 to 2.5 times longer than the body. The diameter of less frequently observed spherical trophozoites is 8.2-10.8 µm; their filopodia radiate to all directions. Cyst-like stages have shorter pseudopodia that arise from one pole only. The surface of locomotive forms from agar plate cultures has a thin amorphous glycocalyx, while most cells are covered by two layers of extracellular matrix. Mitochondria have flattened cristae, dictyosomes are located in the perinuclear zone. A conspicuous ultrastructural feature of the morphologically similar N. simplex, perinuclear striated band, is not present. Light microscopic and ultrastructural data are completed with the sequence of SSU rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis including sequences of related taxa. The bacterial endosymbiont found in N. pattersoni type strain RR2G2 is assigned to the genus Rickettsia.
Nudaciraxine imperium sp. n. (Monogenea: Axinidae) is described from the gills of the needlefish Tylosurus acus imperialis (Rafinesque) caught in the Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia. This new species mainly differs from both previously described species, Nudaciraxine gracilis (Linton, 1940) Price, 1962 from Strongylura marina (Walbaum) and Nudaciraxine cabosanlucensis Payne, 1990 from Ablennes sp., by having more testes (42 vs. 20-22 and 32, respectively). Nudaciraxine imperium also differs from N. gracilis by having a median vaginal pore (submedian in N. gracilis), narrower clamps (52-70 µm vs. 75-100 µm) and differently shaped haptoral lateral hamuli. From N. cabosanlucensis it can be distinguished by a J-shaped rather than U-shaped ovary, a longer cirrus pouch (125-190 µm vs. 64-70 µm), an oesophageal bifurcation slightly anterior to genital complex (immediately after pharynx in N. cabosanlucensis) and a wider guard on the lateral hamuli. In agreement with Payne (1990), the diagnosis of the genus Nudaciraxine Price, 1962 is amended as follows: vaginal pore dorsal, median to submedian, armed or not with horn-like spines. This is the first report of the genus Nudaciraxine in the Mediterranean Sea. The potential use of axinid monogeneans as biological tags for subspecies of belonid fishes is discussed.
The paper introduces the group of nuclear magnetic resonance, its historic roots and prospects. The topics studied are represented by two examples. One is methodological - a successful method for single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy at high field with extremely short echo-time is described, as a milestone on the way to highquality spectroscopic imaging. The other example demonstrates an application - the analysis of MR compatibility of dental alloys., Článek představuje skupinu nukleární magnetické rezonance ÚPT, její historické kořeny a vyhlídky. Studovaná problematika je ilustrována dvěma příklady. První je metodologický - je popsána úspěšná metoda pro jednovoxelovou protonovou MR in-vivo spektroskopii ve vysokých polích s extrémně krátkým echo-časem jakožto milník na cestě ke kvalitnímu spektroskopickému zobrazování. Druhý popisovaný výsledek je aplikační - analýza kompatibility dentálních slitin s magnetorezonančním vyšetřením., and Autor: Zenon Starčuk jr.
In this paper, we prove the exact null controllability of certain diffusion system by rewriting it as an equivalent nonlinear parabolic integrodifferential equation with variable coefficients in a bounded interval of R with a distributed control acting on a subinterval. We first prove a global null controllability result of an associated linearized integrodifferential equation by establishing a suitable observability estimate for adjoint system with appropriate assumptions on the coefficients. Then this result is successfully used with some estimates for parabolic equation in Lk spaces together with classical fixed point theorem, to prove the null controllability of the nonlinear model.