Train-induced vibration prediction in multi-story buildings can effectively provide the effect of vibrations on buildings. With the results of prediction, the corresponding measures can be used to reduce the influence of the vibrations. To accurately predict the vibrations induced by train in multi-story buildings, support vector machine (SVM) is used in this paper. Since the parameters in SVM are very vital for the prediction accuracy, shuffled frog-leaping algorithm (SFLA) is used to optimize the parameters for SVM. The proposed model is evaluated with the data from field experiments. The results show SFLA can effectively provide better parameter values for SVM and the SVM models outperform a better performance than artificial neural network (ANN) for train-induced vibration prediction
This paper presents a neural network (NN) approach to detect intrusions. Previous works used many KDD records to train NNs for detecting intrusions. That is why; our objective here is to show that in case of the KDD data sets, we can obtain good results by training some NNs with a small data subset. To prove that, this study compares the attacks detection and classification by using two training sets: a set of only 260 records and a set of 65536 records. The testing set is composed of 65536 records randomly chosen from the KDD testing set. Our study focused on two classification types of records: a single class (normal or attack), and a multi class where the category of the attack is detected by the NN. Four different types of NNs were tested: Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Modular, Jordan/Elman and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) NN. Two NN structures were used: the first one contains only one hidden layer and the second contains ten hidden layers. Our simulations show that the small data subset (260 records) can be trained to detect and classify attacks more efficiently than the second data subset.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the performances of some neural networks (NNs) when all the KDD data set is used to train them, in order to classify and detect attacks. Five different types of NNs were tested: Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Self Organization Feature Map (SOFM), Radial Basis Function/Generalized Regression/Probabilistic (RBF/GR/P), Jordan/Elman, and Recurrent NNs. The experiment study is done on the Knowledge Discovery and Data mining (KDD) data sets. We consider two levels of attack granularities depending on whether dealing with four main categories, or only focusing on the normal/attack connection types. Our simulations show that our results are competitive with some other artificial intelligence or data mining intrusion detection systems.
In the paper the existing results concerning a special kind of trajectories and the theory of first return continuous functions connected with them are used to examine some algebraic properties of classes of functions. To that end we define a new class of functions (denoted $Conn^*$) contained between the families (widely described in literature) of Darboux Baire 1 functions (${\rm DB}_1$) and connectivity functions ($Conn$). The solutions to our problems are based, among other, on the suitable construction of the ring, which turned out to be in some senses an “optimal construction“. These considerations concern mainly real functions defined on $[0,1]$ but in the last chapter we also extend them to the case of real valued iteratively $H$-connected functions defined on topological spaces.
a1_Polistopadový český environmentalismus je myšlenkově v mnoha směrech kompatibilní s ekologickou modernizací, která je od osmdesátých let určujícím diskurzem o životním prostředí na Západě. Autoři tvrdí a v článku dovozují, že tato kompatibilita není jen výsledkem importu těchto idejí do českého prostředí po roce 1989 a že základy pro přijetí paradigmatu ekologické modernizace položila svébytná forma environmentalismu, která se v Československu rozvinula v období socialismu. Jejím jádrem bylo propojení dvou zdánlivě neslučitelných složek: působila zde jednak meziválečná romantická tradice výchovy jednotlivce k environmentálně citlivému jednání prostřednictvím znalosti a pobytu v přírodě, jejíž kořeny vedou do prostředí severoamerických hnutí ,,lesní moudrosti'' (woodcraft) a trampingu, jednak přírodovědecky a technokraticky racionální pohled na životní prostředí v odborných kruzích, od sedmdesátých let silně ovlivněný sovětskou školou krajinné ekologie. Jeho předností bylo pevné vědecké analytické ukotvení, nedostatkem nemožnost uplatnění poznatků do praktické roviny veřejné politiky a rozhodování z důvodu nepřijatelnosti společenské kritiky v tehdejším režimu. Východiskem byl prohloubený důraz na uvědomělé jednání jednotlivce jako odpověď na ekologické výzvy v iniciativách, jako byl Tis - Svaz pro ochranu přírody a krajiny, Český svaz ochránců přírody a hnutí Brontosaurus., a2_Klíčové pro pochopení souběžného působení romantické a vědecké složky v českém environmentalismu je jejich propojení v rovině osobní zkušenosti mnoha protagonistů (včetně pronásledování některých ekologických aktivit v období socialismu). Díky kombinaci odporu k etatistickému řešení problémů životního prostředí a úsilí o změnu vztahu společnosti k přírodě formou individuální zážitkové výchovy dospěl český environmentalismus intelektuálně do stejného bodu a ve stejnou dobu jako západoevropská ekologická modernizace, i když velmi odlišnou cestou. Zároveň však takto zformovaný český environmentalismus nebyl podle autorů vybaven k tomu, aby se po návratu země ke kapitalismu zapojil jako vyzrálý kritický aktér do řešení širších strukturálních aspektů krize životního prostředí, která neskončila spolu s bývalým režimem., a1_In terms of its mindset and mental setup, the post-November Czech environmentalism is in many respects compatible with the ecological modernization which has been the determining environmental discourse in the West since the 1980s. The authors claim, and attempt to infer so in their article, that the acompatibility is not just a result of imports of these ideas into the Czech environment since 1989, but rather that the groundwork for the acceptance of the ecological modernization paradigm was laid by a specific form of environmentalism which developed in Czechoslovakia during the socialist era. Its core was a combination of two seemingly incongruous elements; the inter-war romantic tradition of individual education toward environmentally concientious behavior through knowledge of and time spent in nature, rooted in the environment of North American ''woodcraft'' movements and in the Czech tramping movement, and the natural scientific and technocratic, rational attitude to the living environment haboured by the professional community, strongly influenced by the Soviet school of landscape ecology. The latter element´s strenght was its firm scientific ancoring; its weakness the impossibility to apply knowledge at the practical level of public policy and decision-making, as any social criticism of the then ruling regime was unacceptable. The solution was an increased emphasis on conscientious behavior of an individual reacting to ecological challenges, promoted by initiatives such as The Yew - The Union for the Protection of nature and landscape (TIS - Svaz pro ochranu přírody a krajiny), Czech Union for Nature Conservation (Český svaz ochránců přírody), or Brontosaurus Movement ( hnutí Brontosaurus)., a2_The key to understanding the parallel coexistence of the romantic and the scientific components in the Czech environmentalism is their connection at the level of personal experience of many of its protagonists (including persecution of some ecological initiatives during the socialist era). Thanks to a combination of resistance against etatistic solutions of environmental problems and efforts aimed at changing the society´s attitude to nature through individual experience-based eduction, the Czech environmentalism reached the same intellectual point at the same time as the Western European ecological modernization although each used a very different route to get there. However, the authors claim that the Czech environmentalism that had formed in the manner outlined above was not adequately equipped or prepared to participate in solving broader structural aspects of the environmental crisis (which did not end with the demise of the previous regime) after the return of the country to capitalism., Petr Jehlička, Joe Smith., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy