Presented study is aimed at using additional information to improve process represen-tativity of hydrological modelling. The study region is the Haute-Mentue catchment lo-cated in the western part of Switzerland, 20 km north of Lausanne. Previous research in this catchment allowed improving of the understanding of the runoff generation by combining point soil moisture measurements (TDR) and integrating measurements both at the hillslope scale (dye tracing) and at the catchment scale (environmental tracing). In this work, environmental tracing information will be integrated into a semi-distributed hydrological model, which is a modified version of TOPMODEL taking into account a rapid stormflow generation above a less permeable soil horizon. Additional information has been incorporated by using a version of simulated annealing adapted for multi-criteria optimisation. and Štúdia je venovaná využitiu dodatkových informácií pri reálnejšej simulácii hydrologických procesov v zrážkovo-odtokovom modeli. Študovanou oblasťou je povodie Haute-Mentue, ležiace v západnej časti Švajčiarska, 20 km od Lausanne. Predchádzajúci výskum v tomto povodí, založený na kombinácii bodových meraní (TDR) a integrovaných meraní v mierke svahu (farbiace skúšky) a povodia (prirodzené stopovače), zlepšil vedomosti o tvorbe odtoku. V tejto štúdii sú informácie získané prirodzenými stopovačmi použité pri posudzovaní výsledkov simulácie odtoku pomocou semidistribuovaného hydrologického modelu (modifikovaná verzia modelu TOPMODEL, ktorá uvažuje s mechanizmom tvorby odtoku nasýtením nad vrstvou pôdy s nižšou priepustnosťou). Ďalšou dodatkovou informáciou boli výsledky automatickej optimalizácie parametrov modelu pmocou metódy vychádzajúcej z analógie medzi optimalizáciou parametrov modelu a rozdelením častíc v tuhnúcej kvapaline (tzv. simulated annealing), adaptovanej na optimalizáciu podľa viacerých kritérií.
Modern methods of monitoring landslides are based on observations of both: direct surveying (GNSS, electronic tachymetry, geometric levelling) and remote sensing (terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry, laser scanning, interferometry), as well as surface and subsurface geotechnical observations (e.g. inclinometers, extensometers, piezometers, etc.). Due to the high cost of installation of these devices and its measurement, the implementations of these methods are usually used on well-define d objects, with established landslide activity and high risk to people’s lives. The main objective of the project was to design, create and do practical tests of simple and inexpensive measurement devices, which detect first symptoms of a potential landslide movements and alert of an existing threat. These devices would be some kind of an early warning system that would register the occurrence of the first movements of the surface layers of soil, which would be a signal to start of geodetic and geotechnical monitoring of potential landslides., Bartłomiej Ćmielewski, Bernard Kontny and Kazimierz Ćmielewski., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Three cultivars of winter hexaploid triticales M2A/JAIN, DF 99/Yogu "S5", and Asseret were grown on nutrient solution with or without 75 mM NaCl. Stomatal permeability and transpiration rate decreased in all salt-stressed triticale cultivars. Net photosynthetic rate (PN) of cv. M2A and Asseret was not affected by NaCl. On the contrary, PN in cv. DF99 was reduced in relation to control plants. A higher water-use efficiency under saline conditions led to better salt tolerance of cv. M2A compared to cvs. Asseret and DF99. and A. Morant-Avice ... [et al.].
At present, chlorophyll meters are widely used for a quick and nondestructive estimate of chlorophyll (Chl) contents in plant leaves. Chl meters allow to estimate the Chl content in relative units - the Chl index (CI). However, using such meters, one can face a problem of converting CI into absolute values of the pigment content and comparing data acquired with different devices and for different plant species. Many Chl meters (SPAD-502, CL-01, CCM-200) demonstrated a high degree of correlation between the CI and the absolute pigment content. A number of formulas have been deduced for different plant species to convert the CI into the absolute value of the photosynthetic pigment content. However, such data have not been yet acquired for the atLEAF+ Chl meter. The purpose of the present study was to assess the applicability of the atLEAF+ Chl meter for estimating the Chl content. A significant species-specific exponential relationships between the atLEAF value (corresponding to CI) and extractable Chl a, Chl b, Chl (a+b) for Calamus dioicus and Cleistanthus sp. were shown. The correlations between the atLEAF values and the content of Chl a, Chl b, and Chl (a+b) per unit of leaf area was stronger than that per unit of dry leaf mass. The atLEAF value- Chl b correlation was weaker than that of atLEAF value-Chl a and atLEAF value-Chl (a+b) correlations. The influence of light conditions (Chl a/b ratio) on the atLEAF value has been also shown. The obtained results indicated that the atLEAF+ Chl meter is a cheap and convenient tool for a quick nondestructive estimate of the Chl content, if properly calibrated, and can be used for this purpose along with other Chl meters., E. V. Novichonok, A. O. Novichonok, J. A. Kurbatova, E. F. Markovskaya., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The Internet has become an important source of information for physicians seeking immediate data for the management of patients and for those developing decision-making methodologies and guidelines for clinical practice. In this study, components and subsystems of a medical decision support system are presented. An artificial neural network model, which is one of the subsystems of the differential diagnosis component, has been proposed as a reasoning tool to support medical diagnosis. The input data of artificial neural network models used in different medical diagnosis can be obtained via the Internet. The present study is concerned with the application of artificial neural network model to diabetes prediction. Demographic and medical data of diabetics and non-diabetics obtained via the Internet were used as the artificial neural network inputs. The accuracy of the neural network's results has shown that the diabetes prediction is feasible by the neural network described in this study.
The article deals with the description and creation of a parametric model of the generator s stator winding coil using the Unigraphics(NX program. It contains a detailed procedure for designing a parametric model, including the creation of basic planes, link to another application, and entering parametric environment.
The article analyses the extent to which the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (UPICC) are used to interpret and supplement Czech contract law. Under Czech legal doctrine the UPICC are part of lex mercatoria and not considered as a generally binding set of legal rules. However, contracting parties are free to make them part of their contract. The authors carry out a comparative analysis of selected UPICC rules and their counterparts in the Czech national law (Czech Civil Code) relating to negotiations in bad fairh, surprising terms, currency of payment, right to terminate the contract and interest for failure to pay money., Monika Pauknerová, Magdalena Pfeiffer., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
John MacFarlane argues against objectivism about ''tasty''/''not tasty'' in the following way. If objectivism were true then, given that speakers use ''tasty''/''not tasty'' in accordance with a rule, TP, speakers would be using an evidently unreliable method to form judgements and make claims about what is tasty. Since this is implausible, objectivism must be false. In this paper, I describe a context in which speakers deviate from TP. I argue that MacFarlane’s argument against objectivism fails when applied to uses of ''not tasty'' within this context. So objectivism about ''not tasty'' is still a viable position within this context., John MacFarlane argumentuje proti objektivismu o ''chutném'' / ''ne chutném'' následujícím způsobem. Pokud by objektivismus byl pravdivý, vzhledem k tomu, že reproduktory používají ''chutné'' / ''ne chutné'' v souladu s pravidly TP, mluvčí by používali zjevně nespolehlivou metodu k tomu, aby vytvořili soudy a prohlásili, co je chutné. Protože to je nepravděpodobné, objektivismus musí být falešný. V tomto článku popisuji kontext, ve kterém se mluvčí odchýlí od TP. Argumentuji, že argument MacFarlane proti objektivismu selhal, když se v tomto kontextu vztahuje k použití ''ne chutných''. Tak objektivismus ''ne chutné'' je stále životaschopný postoj v tomto kontextu., and Alexi Davies
In the real-life engineering practice, non-linear regression models have to be designed rather often. To ensure their technical or physical feasibility, such models may, in addition, require another coupling condition. This paper describes two procedures for designing a specific non-linear model using AI methods. A Radial Basis Functions (RBF) based optimization is presented of the model using Genetic Algorithms (GA). The problem solved was based on practical measurements and experiments. The results presented in the paper can be applied to many technical problems in mechanical and civil engineering and other engineering fields. and Obsahuje seznam literatury