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18. Legendy a mýty české a slovenské literatury: 6. ročník studentské literárněvědné konference : Ústav pro českou literaturu AV ČR, Praha, 11. a 12. dubna 2007

Creator:
Fedrová, Stanislava, Jedličková, Alice, Ústav pro českou literaturu (Akademie věd ČR), and Legendy a mýty české a slovenské literatury (2007 : Praha, Česko)
Publisher:
Ústav pro českou literaturu AV ČR
Format:
electronic, bez média, online zdroj, and 1 online zdroj (200 stran).
Type:
model:monograph and TEXT
Subject:
Západoslovanské literatury (o nich), 18.-21. století, česká literatura, slovenská literatura, literárněvědné rozbory, mýty, legendy, symboly, literární náměty, Czech literature, Slovak literature, literary criticism and history, myths, legends, symbols, literary themes, 821.162.3, 821.162.4, 82.09, 82-343, 165.212, 82:7.04, (062.534), 11, and 821.162.09
Language:
Czech, Polish, Slovak, and English
Description:
editorky Stanislava Fedrová, Alice Jedličková., Obsahuje bibliografie a bibliografické odkazy, and Částečně polský a slovenský text, česká a anglická resumé
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

19. Možnosti predikcie rezistencie k neoadjuvantnej konkomitantnej chemorádioterapii u pacientov s karcinómom konečníka

Creator:
Garajová, Ingrid, Svoboda, M., Kocáková, Ilona, Fabian, Pavel, Kocák, Ivo, Vyzula, Rostislav, and Slabý, Ondřej
Type:
model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
Subject:
adenokarcinom--farmakoterapie--chirurgie--radioterapie, antimetabolity antitumorózní--terapeutické užití, chemoterapie adjuvantní, deoxycytidin--analogy a deriváty--terapeutické užití, fluorouracil--analogy a deriváty--terapeutické užití, lidé, neoadjuvantní terapie, prognóza, radioterapie adjuvantní, nádory rekta--farmakoterapie--chirurgie--radioterapie, výsledek terapie, and nádorové biomarkery--analýza
Language:
Czech, Slovak, and English
Description:
Neoadjuvant concomitant chemoradiotherapy has become a standard treatment of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinomas (LARA). It leads to shrinkage of the tumor mass and subsequently to an increase in complete resections (R0 resections), increasing a feasibility of sphincter-sparing intervention avoiding colostomy. It is based on concurrent application of fluoropyrimidines (5-fluorouracil, capecitabine) and radiotherapy (45 - 50,4 Gy). It shows less acute toxicity and improves local control rate in comparison to adjuvant treatment. Unfortunately, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is not beneficial for all patients. The treatment response ranges from a complete pathological remission (pCR, ypT0ypN0) to a resistance. It is reported that cca 15 percent of patients with advanced rectal cancer show pCR which is indicative of improved long-term prognosis. DESIGN: The following is a review of the significance of neoadjuvant concomitant chemoradiotherapy in the treatment algorithm of patients with LARA and summary of potentional clinical-pathological and molecular markers of response prediction to neoadjuvant therapy. The most important clinical studies concern serum tumor markers levels, clinical lymph node classification. The components of the carcinogenic pathways are explored, including oncogenes, tumor supressor genes, microsatellite instability (MSI) and potentional markers involved in apoptosis, angiogionesis, proliferation as well as metastasis and invasion, are reviewed. Finally, the role of specific enzymes associated with the metabolism of fluoropyrimidines are examined. CONCLUSIONS: No one marker has been consistently identified as clinically applicable. Studies designed to determine the potentional markers are hampered by various techniques as well as tumor heterogenity and recent scientific approach--studying individual molecular markers. Gene expression profiling analysis of multiple genes from the same tumor is becoming reality. We suppose that this assessment will lead in future in finding combination of markers for predicting prognosis and response to therapy in rectal cancer., Garajová Ingrid, Svoboda M., Slabý O., Kocáková L., Fabian P., Kocák I., Vyzula R., and Lit.: 71
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

20. Problematika dyslipidémií v staršom veku

Creator:
Vargová, Viola, Pytliak, Marek, and Mechírová, Viola
Type:
model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
Subject:
lidé, staří, dyslipidemie--farmakoterapie, ateroskleróza--prevence a kontrola, rizikové faktory, hodnocení rizik, triglyceridy--krev, HDL-cholesterol--krev, and lipoproteiny--krev
Language:
Czech, Slovak, and English
Description:
Súčasné odporúčania Národného cholesterolového edukačného programu pre liečbu dospelých jedincov s dyslipidémiami nemajú vekové limity, ale zdôrazňujú potrebu dôkladného fyzikálneho hodnoteni a stavu pacienta nad 65 rokov, pred zahájením hypolipemickej liečby. Mnoho štúdií, ktoré boli použité, nezahrňovalo staršie ženy, špeciálne ženy nad 80 rokov. Taktiež štúdie zahrňujúce seniorov potvrdili vysoké kardiovaskulárne riziko u probandov s vysokými, či nízkymi koncentráciami cholesterolu. Tento jav je označovaný ako strata schopnosti celkového cholesterolu "predvídať" kardiovaskulárne príhody. Hlavno u príčinou tohto javu, ktorý sťažuje identifikáciu vysokorizikových pacientov v staršej populácii je tzv. syndróm stareckej krehkosti. Na druhej strane, nízke koncentrácie HDL cholesterolu zostávajú najsilnejším prediktorom kardiovaskulárneho rizika a nestrácajú na svojej prediktívnej sile s postupom veku. Triacylglyceroly sú asociované s kardiovaskulárnym rizikom v populácii stredného veku. V štúdii, ktorej sa zúčastnili iba pacienti nad 65 rokov, boli koncentrácie triaclyglycerolov prediktívnym faktorom len u starších žien, nie u mužov., The current guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Programme for treatment of adults with hyperlipidemia do not have age limits but specify that thorough physical examination is necessary before lipid lowering therapy is initi ated in patients over 65 years of age. Many studies used to formulate these guidelines did not include older women, especially those older than 80 years. Numerous studies involving older participants reported high cardiovascular disease risk for subjects with high as well as with low cholesterol concentrations. This was interpreted as a loss of ability of total cholesterol to predict cardiovascular events. The main ca use of this phenomenon contributing to difficulties in identifying subjects at higher cardiovascular risk in older population is the frailty syndrome. On the other hand, low HDL cholesterol concentrations remain the most powerful predictor of cardiovascular risk and it does not loose any of its predictive power even with advancing age. Triglycerides are associated with cardiovascular risk in middle age cohorts. A study including participants over 65 years of age only showed triglycerides to be a powerful independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in women but not in men., Viola Vargová, Marek Pytliak, Viola Mechírová, and Lit.: 29
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public