We first recall the main features of Mach's radical attitude to the "philosophy of science", illustrated best by his criticism of absolute space and time, and discuss the impact of Mach's ideas on the birth of special and general relativity. The experiment to demonstrate "Machian effects" of dragging of inertial frames by a rotating body (carried out by four gyroscopes placed in an orbit around the Earth) was conceived in 1959 but only in 2014 was the satellite launched. The last results from the experiment were finally summarised at the end of 2015: they confirm the dragging as predicted by general relativity with an accuracy of 19 %. We show that a rotating black hole can even drag magnetic field lines and indicate possible astrophysical meaning of processes of this type. in the concluding parts, our investigation of dragging effects by gravitational waves and the study of Mach's principle in the context of cosmology, obtained in collaboration with Donald Lynden-Bell (Cambridge) and Joseph Katz (Jerusalem), are briefly reviewed., Jiří Bičák., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Studie se zabývá pozůstalostí tanečníka, choreografa a baletního mistra Otakara Bartíka ve sbírkách hudebně historického oddělení Českého muzea hudby v Praze., Eva Paulová., Rubrika: Studie, and Anglické resumé na s. 189, anglický abstrakt na s. 175
He began his university career as assistant to Professor B. Brauner in the Institute of Analytical Chemistry of Prague’s Charles University. He became the first Professor of Physical Chemistry at this University in 1926. Heyrovsky’s invention of the polarographic method dates from 1922 and he concentrated his further scientific activity on the development of this new branch of electrochemistry. The instrument designed for recording polarization curves was called a polarograph and from that the new method got the name polarography. In 1950, he was appointed director of the newly established Polarographic Institute which was incorporated into the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences from 1952 to 1992 and since then into the AS CR. and Květa Stejskalová.
V letošním roce si připomeneme padesáté výročí úmrtí Quido Vettera, českého historika přírodních věd, především však historika a didaktika matematiky, středoškolského a vysokoškolského učitele, autora řady odborných i popularizačních studií. Přestože pravděpodobně patří k našim nejvýznamnějším historikům matematiky, neexistuje dosud ani bibliografie jeho prací, ani podrobnější monografie věnující se jeho životu a dílu., Martina Bečvářová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Jan Valenta. and Použity úryvky z populárních článků a předmluv k učebnicím let 1900-1910, převážně 1906-1910, se zachováním dobového pravopisu a interpunkce.)