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502. ''Im übrigen freue ich mich unendlich auf die Arbeit im Sudetenland!'': Studentské praxe v Sudetoněmeckém ústavu pro výzkum země a lidu pod vedením dr. Margarete Klanteové 1942-1944
- Creator:
- Josefovičová, Milena and Clarke, Melvyn
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- sudetens, students, war, deployment, and scholary work
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Během 2. světové války nastala ve Třetí říši paradoxní situace. Ač nacistická ideologie nastolila ideál ženy jako rodičky a matky, jejíž místo je u domácího krbu, tudíž i její vzdělání má být omezeno na dovednosti spojené s mateřstvím, výchovou dětí a vedením domácnosti, vzhledem k tomu, že mladí muži - tedy i studenti či vědci - museli narukovat, uvolněná místa mohly zaplnit mladé ženy. Studentkám a začínajícím vědeckým pracovnicím se naskytla šance prokázat své schopnosti, získat respekt svých mužských učitelů či nadřízených. Tato studie je sondou do válečné každodennosti a pojednává o zapojení studentek do hospodářských, historických a ''rasových'' vědeckých úkolů Sudetoněmeckého ústavu pro výzkum země a lidu (Sudetendeutsche Anstalt für Landes- und Volksforschung) v Liberci v letech 1942-1943. V deseti tematických komisích SALV se měla pěstovat a rozvíjet smysluplná spolupráce odborníků působících přímo v župě s kolegy z příslušných seminářů a ústavů nejen pražské Německé univerzity, nýbrž i z univerzit v sousedních říšských župách či spřátelených zemích. and A paradoxical situation arose in the Third Reich during the Second World War. Although Nazi ideology presented the ideal woman as a child-bearer and mother, whose place was at the domestic hearth, so even her education was to be limited to skills associated with motherhood, child-rearing and running a household, because young men, including students and scholars, had to enlist, the vacated places could be filled by young women. Female students and neophyte scholars were provided the opportunity to show their abilities, and gain respect among their male teaching colleagues and superiors. This study is a survey of everyday life in the war, focusing on the involvement of female students in economic, historical and ''racial'' scholarly tasks at the Sudeten German Institute for Research on Provincial Characteristics and Folkways (Sudetendeutsche Anstalt für Landes- und Volksforschung) in Liberec during 1942-1943. The ten special-subject commissions at SALV were meant to foster and develop meaningful collaboration between specialists working within the province and colleagues from the relevant seminaries and institutes not only at the German University in Prague, but also from universities in neighbouring Reich provinces and allied lands. Translated by Melvyn Clarke
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
503. ''It was the poles'' or how Emanuel Ringelblum was instrumentalized by expellees in west Germany: on the history of the book Ghetto Warschau: tagebücher aus dem Chaos
- Creator:
- Stach, Stephan and Dichelle, David
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- holocaust, Ghetto Warschau, and Emanuel Ringelblum
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The article investigates how the Holocaust distorted and exploited in Cold War debates on the example of genesis and reception of the book Ghetto Warschau. Tagebücher aus dem Chaos [Warsaw Ghetto: Diaries from Chaos]. The book is a translation of the essay Stosunki polsko-żydowskie w czasie drugiej wojny światowej [Polish-Jewish relations during the Second World War], written by the Jewish historian and creator of the underground archive of the Warsaw Ghetto Emanuel Ringelblum while hiding from the German Occupiers in Warsaw in 1944. Ringelblum addressed his essay to the Polish reader discussing the relation of Christian Poles and Polish Jews under German occupation based on his own experience and the material he had collected. It was originally published in several portions in the Bulletin of the Jewish Historical Institute, an early Holocaust Research Center based in Warsaw. The German translation was based on this publication and published in summer 1967 in a Stuttgart-based publishing house. However, the new title, introduced by its German editors, suggested it was Ringelblum’s diary. Above that the blurb and many footnotes highlighted the role of Poles as perpetrators in the Holocaust, while minimizing that of Germans. As the article shows, the book was prepared by the Göttinger Arbeitskreis ostdeutscher Wissenschaftler [Göttingen Working Group of Eastern German Scholars], a Think Tank with close ties to the German expellee community, campaigning for a revision of the Polish western border. Göttinger Arbeitskries used the book and earlier on excerpts of Ringelblum’s text for a smear-campaign in the West-German expellee press. Through the biased presentation and distorted context of the work these former Ostforschers sought to portrait Poles as eternal anti-Semites and the factual perpetrators of the mass murder of Polish and European Jews following their anti-Polish agenda. Polish nationalist within the ruling Polish United Workers Party in turn exploited the book and the campaign based on it, which coincided with the anti-Semitic campaign in Poland. Though the Institute was not involved in the publication of the German book, the Polish national communists accused it of supporting German revisionism and ''Zionists'' abroad in their slander of Poland. and Přeložil: David Dichelle
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
504. ''It will not work without a social policy!'': research on social policy practice on the territory of the protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
- Creator:
- Šustrová, Radka
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and historiography
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Social policy in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, from mid-March 1939 to early May 1945, is a key topic in contemporary research on the history of this brief period. The article is concerned with the possible approaches to research with regard to the latest trends in research on National Socialism. It begins with an outline of the historiography of social policy in the Protectorate, which is marked chiefl y by a predominant uniformity of argumentation, a lack of systematic approach to interpretation, and Czech and Czechoslovak historians’ limiting themselves to the ethnically Czech population. Research conducted so far has completely failed to put social policy into the context of social history. The author thus fi rst provides an outline of the social framework, which represents the concept of a Volksgemeinschaft (national/ethnic/racial community), in which ideas about the purpose and function of social policy were formed and implemented. In the next part, she focuses on the defi nition of the term ''social policy'' as understood by Nazi theorists after 1933. In the last part of the article, she seeks to defi ne the new social relations in the CzechGerman environment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and suggests possibilities of its analysis in the area of the implementation of social policy. She believes that it will be fruitful to study the implementation of the relevant criteria in the Reich and the Protectorate at the level of discussions among experts, and to research social policy in practice. The author sees the most important aspects of the implementation of social policy as residing in the various motivations of the regime when implementing social policy in relation to different parts of the population, ranging from social exclusion to forms of social protectionism.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
505. ''Minulost je bitevním polem současníků'': konference k osmdesátinám Viléma Prečana
- Creator:
- Jiří Hoppe
- Format:
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Prečan, Vilém, 1933-, historici, jubilejní oslavy, konference, dějiny, jubilee celebration, conference, history, 8, and 94(437)
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Ústav pro soudobé dějiny Akademie věd ČR, v. v. i., byl hlavním pořadatelem konference „Minulost je bitevním polem současníků“, která se konala ve dnech 24. a 25. ledna 2013 u příležitosti osmdesátých narozenín historika Viléma Prečana, prvního ředitele ústavu a současného předsedy správní rady Československého dokumentačního střediska. Pracovní program konference se odbýval v pražském Černínském paláci, společenský večer v Muzeu hudby mělo v režii Národní muzeum. Autor přibližuje všechny referáty přednesené v pěti konferenčních blocích a závěrem nechává zaznít v delší citaci slova, v nichž se nad některými příspěvky a tématy konference zamyslel Vilém Prečan., Organized chiefly by the Institute of Contemporary History, Prague, a conference, ‘The Past is the Battlefield of the Our Contemporaries’, was held in the Czernin Palais, Prague, on 24 and 25 January 2013, to mark the eightieth birthday of the historian Vilém Prečan, the first director of the Institute and the current Chairman of the Board of the Czechoslovak Documentation Centre. The conference was accompanied by an evening of music and a buffet dinner at the Museum of Music, organized by the National Museum, Prague. The author reports here on all the papers given in the five conference blocks, and concludes with a long quotation of Vilém Prečan’s views on some of the papers and topics presented at the conference., and Jiří Hoppe.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
506. ''Miř přesněji!'': korejská válka jako černý bod socialistického realismu
- Creator:
- Vít Schmarc
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- korejská válka (1950-1953), socialistický realismus (literatura), média, Korean War (1950-1953), socialist realism (literature), media, 8, and 93/94
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Studie zkoumá reprezentaci korejské války jakožto zásadní události v tištěných médiích a literatuře československého stalinismu v letech 1950 až 1952. Zaměřuje se na specifika mechanismu produkování obrazu „nepřítele“ a „nepřátelského“ prostoru, analyzuje i vzájemnou interakci dobové publicistiky a poezie. Rozebírá klíčové fenomény, které tvoří pilíř dobového obrazu korejské války (figura vůdce, mytologie původu „nepřítele“) a usouvztažňuje je s obecnějšími mechanismy vytváření skutečnosti v první polovině padesátých let dvacátého století. Poukazuje přitom na vzájemné propojení a ovlivňování vyhrocené propagandistické rétoriky a básnické obraznosti. Studie materiálově čerpá z básnických sbírek, které obsahují verše reagující na válku v Koreji, z příležitostných básní, publicistických článků a karikatur publikovaných především na stránkách deníku Rudé právo a týdeníku Tvorba. Metodologicky navazuje na výzkumy ideologie jako systému reprezentace reálných podmínek existence (Louis Althusser, Slavoj Žižek) a na sémiotické analýzy kultury a společnosti období stalinismu (Vladimír Macura), které poukazují na velmi aktivní a produktivní vztah literatury a moci, jenž tvoří samotnou podstatu socialistického realismu jako systému (Katerina Clarková, Jevgenij Dobrenko)., This article explores the representation of the Korean War as a fundamental event in the print media and belles-lettres of Stalinist Czechoslovakia from 1950 to 1952. It focuses on the special features of the mechanism of producing the image of the ‘enemy’ and the ‘hostile’ space, as well as analysing the interaction of period journalism and poetry. The author analyses the central phenomena, which created a cornerstone of the contemporaneous image of the Korean War (the figure of the leader and the mythology of the origin of the ‘enemy’), and correlates them with more general mechanisms of creating reality in the first half of the 1950s. He also points out the interlinkage and mutual influences of the pointed propagandistic rhetoric and poetic imagery. The article draws on collections of verse, which contain poems reacting to the war in Korea, and on occasional poems, journalism, and caricatures published mainly in the daily Rudé právo and the weekly Tvorba. In method, the article is in the tradition of research on ideology as a system of representing the real conditions of existence (as in the work of Louis Althusser and Slavoj Žižek) and the tradition of semiotic analysis of culture and society in the Stalinist period (as in the work of Vladimír Macura), identifying the very active, productive relationship between literature and the powers that be, which creates the very essence of socialist realism as a system (as discussed by Katerina Clark and Evgeny Dobrenko)., Vít Schmarc., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
507. ''Persons'' and persons
- Creator:
- Snowdon, Paul
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- P. F. Strawson, Dualism, No-ownership theory, the concept of a person, primitive concepts, and the generality of predicates
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- In chapter 3 of Individuals, entitled ''Persons'', Strawson argues against dualism and the no-ownership theory, and proposes instead that our concept of a person is a primitive concept. In this paper, it is argued that the basic questions that frame Strawson’s discussion, and some of his main arguments and claims, are dubious. A general diagnosis of the source of these problems is proposed. It is argued that despite these problems Strawson gives an accurate and very insightful description of the way we think about ourselves, which should form the starting point for more speculative accounts of ourselves., V kapitole 3 Jednotlivci, nazvané ,,Osoby'', Strawson argumentuje proti dualismu a teorii ne-vlastnictví a místo toho navrhuje, aby naše pojetí člověka bylo primitivním pojmem. V tomto příspěvku se argumentuje tím, že základní otázky, které tvoří rámec Strawsonovy diskuse, a některé z jeho hlavních argumentů a tvrzení, jsou pochybné. Navrhuje se obecná diagnostika zdroje těchto problémů. Tvrdí se, že navzdory těmto problémům poskytuje Strawson přesný a velmi bystrý popis způsobu, jakým přemýšlíme o sobě, který by měl být výchozím bodem pro spekulativnější účty o sobě., and Paul Snowdon
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
508. ''Polar vesicles'' of microsporidia are mitochondrial remnants (''mitosomes'')?
- Creator:
- Vávra, Jiří
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
509. ''V Čechách akademikův jako sviní.'' Helena Kokešová. Eduard Albert (1841-1900): Český intelektuál ve Vídni
- Creator:
- Franc, Martin
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Autor recenze: Martin Franc
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
510. ''Ve znamení bdělosti a ostražitosti'': zahraniční styky a emigrace pracovníků ČSAV v dobových dokumentech (1953-1971)
- Creator:
- Cajthaml, Petr
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Autor recenze: Petr Cajthaml
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public