The paper expands upon the role of the Czech national movement
and the Czech nation or Czech cultural situation in the Kashubian patriotic discourse from the first half of the 19th century until the First World War. It focuses primarily on the period in which it had a direct influence on the "initiation" of the Kashubian patriotic campaign when the founder of the Kashubian movement, Florian Ceynowa, was studying under Czech professors (J. E. Purkyně, F. L. Čelakovský) in Wroclaw (in the 1840s), as well as on Ceynowa’s
subsequent contacts with other members of the Czech national movement until the 1860s. Afterwards, the Kashubian campaign paused in its reflection of the Czech movement. The paper thus then concentrates on the next phase of reflection beginning in the early 20th century, especially in the context of the Young Kashubian program (A. Majkowski, J. Karnowski, K. Kantak). Appreciable ambivalences appear: the Czech movement, and Czechs in general, on the one hand was a paradigmatic example of the successful formation of a modern nation by a formerly
non-dominant ethnic group as well as of dynamic social, cultural, and economic development, but on the other hand criticisms of the Czech mentality and Czech political strategies were voiced. and Obsahuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou
Tento článek používá empirická data za účelem kontextualizace a shrnutí postojů Čechů ke slovenštině a jejich představ o znalosti slovenštiny. Klade si dále za cíl osvětlit změny, které nastaly po roce 1989, a přispět v obecnějším smyslu k existujícím poznatkům o česko-slovenských jazykových vztazích. Zároveň také usiluje o vyzdvižení obtížnosti při vymezení statutu dvou zeměpisně přilehlých kontaktních jazyků, jejichž identitu mluvčí definují ve stejné míře pomocí sdílené politické a historické zkušenosti (zejména ve dvacátém století) a jejich etnických, kulturních a jazykových rozdílů. Evidence je primárně shromážděna ze dvou celonárodních výzkumů, provedených pro autora v Centru pro výzkum veřejného mínění Sociologického ústavu AV ČR, v.v.i.: „Postoje českých mluvčích k lexikálním výpůjčkám“ (dále jen „Postoje“) a „Češi a slovenština“. Obsah a metodologie těchto výzkumů jsou založeny na různé řadě diachronních a synchronních dat, zejména pak studie z roku 1971 v Institutu pro výzkum veřejného mínění (předchůdce CVVM), a tří rozsáhlých průzkumů Evropské unie., This study employs a r ange of up-to-date statistical information, including the findings of two nationwide sur- veys conducted on the author’s behalf, to evaluate current perceptions of Slovak in the Czech Republic. Where appropriate, the results are compared with the evidence of other questionnaires (including Tejnor: 1971)., and Tom Dickins.
Authors of the article are members of the Ethnological Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences and students of the department of Ethnology of the Philosophical Faculty, Charles University in Prague. It is based on the knowledge obtained in the course of the field research of multiethnic villages and towns with Czech minorities, realized in the year 1999 in Southern Ukraine. The research was focused mainly on the town Odessa and villages Bohemka, Veselinovka, Novhorodkivka, Alexandrovka and Lobanovo. Also Melitopol, Zoporoží and other localities are
mentioned. In the text, attention is given especially to the development of the ethnic composition of the inhabitants, their family life and family connections, sociál life and religious activities,
language communication and, partially, also to their folklóre and materiál culture. The researches arrived at a conclusion that in the times of „perestroika “ there was a rapid iníensification of the
interest in the origins of individual families, as well as a growing emphasis on the ethnical consciousness of the inhabitants, At the same time, manifestations of ethnic, minority and national
life in towns and in villages differ profoundly. The authors try to reveal reasons of this foct especially among the members of the Czech minority and to show what exactly do they perceive being base of their Czech identity.