Number of results to display per page
Search Results
102. Phylogenetic revision of the New Zealand genus Dasytricheta, with a discussion of its systematic position within the subfamily Aleocharinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
- Creator:
- Paśnik, Grzegorz
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Dasytricheta, new species, new combination, taxonomy, phylogeny, and New Zealand
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The genus Dasytricheta Bernhauer, 1943 is redefined. The genus Pyromecroma Cameron, 1945 is considered a new synonym of Dasytricheta. Eleven valid species are recognised in the genus: Dasytricheta spectabilis Bernhauer, 1943 (the type species of Dasytricheta), D. funesta (Broun, 1912) comb. n. (the type species of Pyromecroma, originally described in Myrmecopora Saulcy, 1864), and nine species described as new: Dasytricheta haastiana sp. n., D. hookeriana sp. n., D. intermedia sp. n., D. kapuniana sp. n., D. mahitahiana sp. n., D. periana sp. n., D. shotoveriana sp. n., D. testacea sp. n. and D. waihoana sp. n. The taxa are diagnosed, keyed and illustrated. The phylogeny of Dasytricheta is analysed using cladistic methods. The systematic position of Dasytricheta within the Aleocharinae is discussed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
103. Phylogeny of Iberian Zabrus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Zabrini) based on mitochondrial DNA sequence
- Creator:
- Sánchez-Gea, José-Fermín , Galián, José, and Serrano, José
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Molecular phylogeny, mitochondrial COI sequence, karyotype analysis, Zabrus, Carabidae, and Coleoptera
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The genus Zabrus Clairville, 1806 is a Holomediterranean taxon that radiated into about a hundred species most likely during the Cenozoic. There are four endemic subgenera on the Iberian Peninsula, which include 28 species, Epomidozabrus (3 spp.), Euryzabrus (1 sp.), Platyzabrus (2 spp.) and Iberozabrus (22 spp.). A mitochondrial fragment comprising part of the cytochrome-oxidase-I, tRNAleu, and part of the cytochrome-oxidase-II genes was sequenced of most of these species. Taxa of other subgenera of Zabrus (Macarozabrus, Polysitus, Zabrus, and Pelor), six species of Amara (the putative sister taxon of Zabrus), and representatives of tribes related to Zabrini were also sequenced. The results show that the genus Zabrus is a monophyletic taxon well separated from Amara. The four subgenera endemic to the Iberian Peninsula also make up a monophyletic clade, which stresses the association between the geographic distribution and the monophyly of many supraspecific taxa within this genus. The species-rich subgenus Iberozabrus seems to be the sister taxon of the clade made up of the three other subgenera endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. The Iberozabrus species-groups proposed by Andújar & Serrano in 2001, based on morphological and geographical grounds, are only partly corroborated by the molecular phylogeny. The lack of congruence between these data sets is mainly between those species-groups with large numbers of species and more complex geographic patterns. Some cases of incongruence are possibly due to homoplasic external characters appeared by convergent evolution.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
104. Population dynamics of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in the region of Edremit Gulf in West Anatolia (Mount Ida)
- Creator:
- Özpinar, Ali, Kürşat Şahin, Ali, and Polat, Burak
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- brouci, slunéčkovití, populační dynamika, beetles, Coccinellidae, population dynamics, Coleoptera, Coccinella septempunctata, aestivation, overwintering, aestivo-hibernation sites, reproduction period, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This study reports seasonal presence of Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Southeast Turkey, in 2008, 2009 and 2010. Samples were collected from crops in agricultural areas at altitudes of 10 m, 800 m and 1400 m from stands of wild herbaceous plants , and at 1750 m from stone debris fields. First C. septempunctata adults were collected at the beginning of June at Tentcamp (800 m) and Tozlu (1400 m), early in July at Sarikiz (1700 m) when the mean air temperature reached 30°C. Adults became active in spring, after aestivating around Sarikiz and overwintering there under snow. First adults emerged on 2nd April in 2009 around Edremit Gulf when mean air temperature reached 14.8°C. Adult and immature stages of C. septempunctata were recorded attacking aphid populations till the end of June. C. septempunctata was present there for only one period each year during which they completed one generation. Adult individuals of this generation returned to Mount Ida to aestivate. Maximum numbers of adults present on Mount Ida in the first week of August in 2009 and 2010 were recorded. C. septempunctata adults aestivate and overwinter at Sarikiz on Mount Ida after completing their development on aphids in April, May and June around Edremit Gulf., Ali Özpinar, Ali Kürşat Şahin, Burak Polat., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
105. Population dynamics, seasonality and aphid prey of Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in an urban park in central Japan
- Creator:
- Kawakami, Yasuko, Yamazaki, Kazuo, and Ohashi, Kazunori
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, brouci, slunéčkovití, mšice, beetles, Coccinellidae, aphids, Coleoptera, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, climate conditions, ladybird beetle, life cycle, urban vegetation, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The ladybird beetle, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius), has been extending its distribution in and around urban areas at higher latitudes in Japan over the past 100 years. Between 2003 and 2011, we investigated the seasonal occurrence, aphid prey and population dynamics of this species in an urban park in Osaka City, central Japan. We found that C. sexmaculata completes three generations a year in Osaka. Overwintered adults emerge in March or April and produce two (or rarely one) generations by summer. Second-generation adults aestivate and subsequently produce another generation in autumn. This species feeds on five species of aphids that infest planted shrubs and alien weeds throughout the vegetative season. We analyzed the association between accumulated temperature and when overwintered adults first emerged. In addition, we determined the association between their time of emergence, peak abundance and last occurrence, and meteorological conditions. There was no association between the sum of effective temperatures and termination of adult overwintering. There was, however, an association between first occurrence and peak abundance, and climatic conditions, such as warm temperatures or low humidity. This species maintained a stable population in an urban park by becoming quiescent when climatic conditions were unfavourable or prey was scarce. We discussed these findings in relation to urban environmental factors, such as climate, food conditions and vegetation., Yasuko Kawakami, Kazuo Yamazaki, Kazunori Ohashi., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
106. Preliminary evidence of the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between Crioceris leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and their Asparagus host plants
- Creator:
- Kolasa, Michał, Montagna, Matteo, Mereghetti, Valeria, Daniel Kubisz, Mazur, Miłosz A., and Kajtoch, Łukasz
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, brouci, mandelinkovití, chřest, molekulární ekologie, beetles, Chrysomelidae, asparagus, molecular ecology, Alpha-Proteobacteria, Wolbachia, Crioceris, Coleoptera, horizontal transmission, Multilocus Sequence Typing, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Intracellular bacteria of the genus Wolbachia (α-Proteobacteria) are the most widespread endosymbionts of insects. Host infection is usually associated with alterations in reproduction, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, the induction of parthenogenesis and offspring sex ratio bias: all phenomena that may influence host speciation. In the present study, by using well-established molecular tools, we investigated the presence of Wolbachia in leaf beetles of the genus Crioceris and their host plants, which are various species of Asparagus. Multilocus sequence typing of bacterial genes showed that despite their occurrence in the same habitat and feeding on the same plant, two species of Crioceris, C. quinquepunctata and C. quatuordecimpunctata, are infected by two different strains of Wolbachia. C. asparagi, C. paracenthesis and C. duodecimpunctata, which are sympatric with the infected species, do not harbour the bacterium. Interestingly, DNA of Wolbachia was detected in host plant tissues that are exploited by the beetles, providing evidence for the horizontal transmission of the bacterium between beetles and their host plants. Moreover, Wolbachia was detected in species of Crioceris that are not closely related., Michał Kolasa, Matteo Montagna, Valeria Mereghetti, Daniel Kubisz, Miłosz A. Mazur, Łukasz Kajtoch., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
107. Puncture vs. reflex bleeding: Haemolymph composition reveals significant differences among ladybird species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), but not between sampling methods
- Creator:
- Knapp, Michal, Dobeš, Pavel, Řeřicha, Michal, and Hyršl, Pavel
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Harmonia axyridis, Coccinella septempunctata, Ceratomegilla undecimnotata, invasive species, haemolymph, antimicrobial activity, haemocyte concentration, reflex bleeding, and sampling technique
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Reflex bleeding is one of the many anti-predation behavioural tactics used by insects. This behaviour is recorded widely in several insect taxa and provides scientists with an interesting opportunity for easily obtaining samples of haemolymph for physiological experiments. However, there is no good evidence that haemolymph and reflex blood have the same characteristics. In this study, we compared three basic characteristics of reflex blood and haemolymph collected from the body cavity, of three species of ladybirds: Harmonia axyridis, Coccinella septempunctata and Ceratomegilla undecimnotata. In the reflex blood we recorded the same concentration of haemocytes and total protein, and level of antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli as in samples of haemolymph collected from within the body cavity. Therefore, reflex blood is a promising source of haemolymph for use in many physiological and immunological studies. It is the best way of collecting haemolymph if one wants to avoid challenging the immune system and concurrently also enables one to repeatedly collect haemolymph from one individual without injuring it, which would initiate repair mechanisms. The interspecific comparison indicates significant differences among the species studied in three characteristics measured. Interestingly, the native species Ceratomegilla undecimnotata has nearly as effective immune system as the invasive Harmonia axyridis based on the level of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
108. Reproductive status of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) affects its response to infection by Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)
- Creator:
- Kramarz, Paulina, Małek, Dariusz, Gaweł, Maria, Drobniak, Szymon M., and Homa, Joanna
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, brouci, potemníkovití, sexuální dimorfismus, infekce, beetles, Tenebrionidae, sexual dimorphism, infections, Coleoptera, Tribolium castaneum, Rhabditida, Steinernematidae, Steinernema feltiae, phenoloxidase, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Gender-specific reproductive roles are important factors determining sexual dimorphism. Here, we investigate the effects of sex-based differences and reproductive status on the defence of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) against infection by Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev, 1934) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). Female and male beetles, either virgin or post-copulation, were exposed individually to nematodes. Individuals were then sampled every 12 h, dissected, and checked for the presence of nematodes; we also measured their phenoloxidase (PO) activity. Reproductive status affected resistance to nematodes and PO activity as infected virgin individuals had a higher PO activity and lower mortality than reproducing individuals, with no differences between sexes. Mortality also increased with time, while PO activity did not change. Parasite load was related to reproductive status and sex, with reproducing females with the highest parasite loads in all treatments, and virgin males with more nematodes than sexually active males. Our results indicate that the costs of reproduction impair the immunological system of T. castaneum similarly in both sexes. It is possible, however, that other components of the immunological system that we did not measure, such as lysozyme activity, are impaired by infection with S. feltiae in a sex-specific way., Paulina Kramarz, Dariusz Małek, Maria Gaweł, Szymon M. Drobniak, Joanna Homa., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
109. Resource guarding by Ptomascopus morio: Simple parental care in the Nicrophorinae (Coleoptera: Silphidae)
- Creator:
- Suzuki, Seizi and Nagano, Masahiro
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coleoptera, Silphidae, parental care, comparative method, resource guarding, predation, Nicrophorus, Ptomascopus, and Ontholestes
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Nicrophorine beetles use small vertebrate carrion for breeding resource. While Nicrophorus spp. have highly developed biparental care, no form of parental care is recorded for Ptomascopus spp. We examined two effects of resource guarding by Ptomascopus morio. The presence of parents, especially the female, reduced the number of fly larvae on chicken carrion. Parents also enhanced the survival of brood faced with predation by the rove beetle, Ontholestes gracilis. In 6 out of 20 trials, the rove beetle predators were killed by Ptomascopus morio parents. We conclude that Ptomascopus morio has a simple, and possibly primitive form of parental care.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
110. Review of larval morphology of beetles of the suborder Archostemata (Insecta: Coleoptera), including first-instar chaetotaxy
- Creator:
- Grebennikov, Vasily V.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Distocupes, Tenomerga, Rhipsideigma, Priacma, Omma, Micromalthus, Cupedidae, Micromalthidae, Ommatidae, Archostemata, Coleoptera, larvae, morphology, chaetotaxy, and phylogeny
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper presents a synthesis of morphological information on larvae of the beetle suborder Archostemata. Larvae of the following families and species were studied: Ommatidae: Omma sp.; Micromalthidae: Micromalthus debilis LeConte, 1878; Cupedidae: Priacma serrata LeConte, 1861, Distocupes varians (Lea, 1902), Rhipsideigma raffrayi (Fairmaire, 1884), Tenomerga cinerea (Say, 1831) and Tenomerga mucida (Chevrolat, 1829). Morphological characters of the suborder and three families are described. Monophyly of the suborder is strongly supported by more than 10 larval autapomorphies. A close relationship between Micromalthidae and Cupedidae is confirmed. New larval characters are introduced, including chaetotaxy of first instar larvae of Micromalthus LeConte, 1878, Priacma LeConte, 1874 and Distocupes Neboiss, 1984. An identification key to families and subfamilies of Archostematan larvae is provided, along with a checklist of extant Archostemata taxa. The work is illustrated with 120 morphological drawings.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public