Cairaella henrii gen. n., sp. n. (Proteocephalidea: Proteocephalinae) is described from the intestine of Norops trachyderma (Cope) (Polychrotidae) from San Pablo de Kantesiya in Ecuador. The new genus differs from the 12 other known genera of the Proteocephalinae (and all other proteocephalidean genera) by the presence of a dense network of osmoregulatory canals situated in the cortex and by the morphology of the scolex which is flattened dorsoventrally, with elongated deeply embedded suckers possessing a well-developed circular musculature situated in the anterolateral region, and by eggs with a three-layered embryophore possessing small outgrowths on its external surface. Ophiotaenia nicoleae sp. n. is described from the intestine of Thecadactylus rapicauda (Houttuyn) (Gekkonidae) from San Pablo de Kantesiya in Ecuador. This new species is characterised by the testes arranged in two fields, numbering 142-204, the cirrus-sac length representing 21-33% of proglottis width, the genital pore situated in the middle of the proglottis or slightly anteriorly, and the ovary width representing 68-88% of proglottis width. It differs from 20 of 27 Ophiotaenia species parasitic in New World reptiles by the presence of an apical organ and from the remaining species by one to several other morphological characters, such as the number of testes, diameter and shape of the scolex, position of ventral and dorsal osmoregulatory canals, or the presence of a vaginal sphincter. Both taxa represent the first record of proteocephalidean tapeworms in polychrotid and gekkonid lizards, respectively.
The family Pachynomidae is recorded from Borneo as well as Southeast Asia for the first time. Camarochiloides gen. n. and its type species C. weiweii sp. n. is described. Dorsal habitus and various morphological characters of the new species are illustrated. Subfamily placement and affinities of the new genus are briefly discussed, a key to the genera of Pachynominae is provided. Body and wing polymorphism and nymphal morphology of the new species are documented.
A new harpactorine reduviid, Camptibia obscura, gen. et sp. n., from China is described. A key to related genera is provided. The functional morphology of the fore legs of this species is discussed.
A new coccidian parasite of the genus Caryospora is described from a long nosed vine snake, Ahaetulla nasuta, Lacépède, 1789 from Thailand. Oocysts of Caryospora ahaetullae sp. n. are spherical or slightly subspherical, 24.8 (22.5-26.0) pm in diameter, with a single-layered wall about 0.75 pm thick. A micropyle or oocyst residuum is absent. One, rarely two, polar granules are present, 1.5-2.0 pm. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal, 18.5 x 14.2 (18.0-19.5 x 13.0-15.0) pm with prominent Stieda and substieda bodies. Sporocyst residuum present, consisting of numerous very small granules scattered among 8 sporozoites. Sporo-zoites, with prominent transverse striations anteriorly, are vermiform, 15.0 x 3.8 (13.5-16.5 x 3.5—4.5) pm (in situ), lying lengthwise and parallel within sporocyst. Each sporozoite contains a spherical anterior and spherical to subspherical posterior refractile bodies.
A new coccidian parasite of the genus Caryospora Léger is described from the colubrid snake Boiga dendrophila Boie, 1827 imported from Kalimantan. Oocysts of Caryospora kalimaniunensis sp. n. are spherical, 18.7 (17.0-20.0) pm in diameter, with a bilayered slightly pitted and brownish oocyst wall. A micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent. One globular polar granule is present in 45% of sporulated oocysts. Sporocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal, 14.5 (13.0-15.5) x 10.5 (10.0-11.0) pm, with prominent Stieda and substieda bodies. Sporocyst residuum is present as small granules scattered among sporozoites. Sporozoites are elongate, lying lengthwise and parallel within the sporocyst and completely filling the sporocyst. Each sporo-zoite contains a spherical anterior and posterior refractile bodies.
Cephalcia masuttii sp. n. is described from the SE Alps of Europe, based on morphological, biological, and genetic studies. The larvae feed gregariously on Picea abies. The species has been recorded also from Central Siberia and NE China, where the larvae feed on Picea obovata and Picea koraiensis, respectively. Indications exist that it may be more widely distributed in Europe and northern Asia. The strict gregariousness of larvae of this species is peculiar among spruce feeders of Cephalcia. Morphologically the adults are most similar to Cephalcia alashanica, with which they are compared. An allozyme analysis showed that the populations from Europe and China are quite similar and clearly different from the other species living on spruce. The karyotype of C. masuttii (n = 25) is also described.
Three new species of chigger mites, Eutrombicula costaricensis sp. n., Eutrombicula passerinorum sp. n., and Eutrombicula hectochaeta sp. n. are described from wild birds from Costa Rica. Two species, Eutrombicula pacae (Floch et Fauran, 1957) and Parasecia fundata (Brennan, 1969), are recorded for the first time in Costa Rica and on new host species. Data on the distribution of Blankaartia sinnamaryi (Floch et Fauran, 1956) in Costa Rica are also reported.
A phylogeny of fifty-eight cockchafer species belonging to the genus Amphimallon Berthold, 1827 is proposed, based on sixty-five morphological characters. The cladistic analysis provides seventy-two equally parsimonious trees. The genus Amphimallon is redefined and species-groups are introduced and defined: A. pini-group (seven species), A. vernale-group (five species), A. solstitiale-group (seven species), A. arianae-group (two species), A. peropacum-group (one species), A. fuscum-group (eleven species), A. naceyroi-group (seven species), A. majale group (five species), A. lusitanicum-group (six species). Other species previously placed in Amphimallon are considered species incertae sedis in this paper: amphibolum Peyerimhoff, 1949, and a monophyletic group composed of six North African species: altifrons Baraud, 1971, julieni Baraud, 1972, melillanum Baraud, 1972, scutellare Lucas, 1846, subcristatum Fairmaire, 1879, subparallelum Escalera, 1913. Four new Amphimallon species are described: A. adanense sp. n. from Turkey, A. maniense sp. n. from Greece, A. jeannae sp. n. and A. safiense sp. n. from Morocco. The following taxonomic conclusions are proposed: A. seidlitzi Brenske, 1891 = A. trisinuatum Reitter, 1902 syn. n.; Amphimallon jeannei (Baraud, 1971) comb. n.; Miltotrogus caucasicus Gyllenhal, 1817 comb. n.; Amphimallon vernale (Brullé, 1832) stat. n.; A. furvum (Germar, 1817) stat. n.; A. javeti Stierlin, 1864 stat. n.
Materials of Hypogastruridae, Odontellidae, Neanuridae, Onychiuridae and Isotomidae from East Africa were studied. Several new species are described: Acherontiella kowalskiorum sp. n., Furculanurida grandcolasorum sp. n., Stachorutes dallaii sp, n., and Paleonura cassagnaui sp, n. Friesea vrorovi Tshelnokov, 1977 and Tullbergia kilimanjarica (Delamare Deboutteville, 1953) are redescribed. Stachorutes arlei (Thibaud & Massoud, 1980) is a new combination. Identification keys for Friesea Dalla Torre, 1895 with 2 + 2 eyes and Stachorutes Dallai, 1973 are given.
A new genus, Coniophloeus gen. n., is described for five species of South African weevils known from the Western and Eastern Cape and assigned to the tribe Embrithini Marshall, 1942: Coniophloeus squalidus (Boheman, 1842) comb. n. (type species, transferred from the genus Trachyphloeus Germar, 1817 and tribe Trachyphloeini Lacordaire, 1863), C. alternans sp. n., C. oberprieleri sp. n., C. robustus sp. n. and C. obrieni sp. n. All five species are illustrated and keyed.