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71. Von wem und warum wurde die Predigt des reformierten Pfarrers Mihály Komáromi H. (1690?-1748) aus Debrezin über die Krönung von Maria Theresia zur böhmischen Königin im 18. Jahrhundert gelesen?

Creator:
Hegyi, Ádám
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
česká a uherská královna, císařovna, choť Františka Štěpána I., římskoněmeckého císaře, Marie Terezie, 1717-1780, korunovace, reformované církve, rukopisy, coronations, Reformed Churches, manuscripts, Maria Theresa's church policy, czech coronation, community reading, Kingdom of Hungary, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
In the War of the Austrian Succession one of the major turning points was when Maria Theresa was crowned Queen of Bohemia, because this step strengthened the power of the Houseof Habsburg in Central Europe. For people who belonged to the Reformed Church in the Kingdom of Hungary, this meant that they had to live their lives under the rule of a Catholic monarch. Debrecen was the centre of the Reformed Church and the city prepared for this political situation: pastor Mihály Komáromi H. delivered a special sermon to celebrate the coronation. In this sermon he acknowledged the fact that the Habsburgs had right to the Hungarian throne and tried to use this political advantage to improve the situation of the Reformed Church. This sermon became so popular that a manuscript was made from it and it was a popular reading in the Reformed congregations of the countryside., Ádám Hegyi., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
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72. Výuka inženýrských věd na stavovských akademiích v Praze, Vídni a Olomouc v 18. století

Creator:
Konečný, Michal
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
18. století, stát, vzdělávání, State, The, education, Česko, Rakousko, Czechia, Austria, stavovská akademie, civilní architektura, stavební úřad, inženýrské vědy, elite academy, civil architecture, public works office, engineering, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
A major reform in the reign of Joseph II was the establishment in 1786 of the provincial building directorates, through which the court aimed to regulate all public building works in the monarchy. Although the original aim of unifying building regulations throughout the realm was never achieved, the reform was a success and remained in force, with a few minor amendments, until the revolutionary year of 1848. One reason for its success was the elite corps of civil engineers who staffed these institutions. This study looks at advances in technical education, especially engineering, in the Habsburg monarchy from the beginning of the 18th century and the emergence of the Collegia Nobilia, or elite colleges, where graduates were prepared for a career in the Imperial Army. Besides military architecture, the colleges also taught the fundamentals of civil engineering, turning out some of the best‐trained creators of early modern architecture. The development and nature of this elite engineering training is examined with reference to the engineering academies of Prague, Vienna and Olomouc. In all three cases we stress the colleges’ status within the state framework, and their evolution in the light of changing official doctrine and methods of instruction. In all three cases it is clear that during the latter half of the 18th century the original ‘aristocratic’ colleges began to decline and were slowly replaced by similar state‐controlled establishments. As a first step, the court of Joseph II introduced a specialized course in practical architecture at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts. From around 1800 this model was gradually superseded by the progressive French‐style polytechnic, a modified version of which remains the standard model for technical education to this day., Michal Konečný., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
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73. Vzpomínka, která nevyhasla: adventus toskánského velkovévody Františka Štěpána Lotrinského a Marie Terezie do Florencie

Creator:
Pilarová, Terezie and Marjaková, Magdaléna
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
I., římskoněmecký císař, František Štěpán, 1708-1765, česká a uherská královna, císařovna, choť Františka Štěpána I., římskoněmeckého císaře, Marie Terezie, 1717-1780, Florencie (Itálie), Florence (Italy), Toskánské velkovévodství, panovnický vjezd, Arco di Trionfo, Grand duchy of Tuscany, Royal Entry, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Adventus of Francis I and Maria Theresa to Florence the capital of the grand duchy of Tuscany represents an event that should not be forgotten. A reference to this ceremonial entrance of the emperor that took place on January 20, 1739 is nowadays commemorated by the Arco di Trionfo in Florence, by the relief on sarcophagus of Maria Theresa and Francois I in Imperial Crypt in Vienna as well as in the preserved written records. Based on one of the period sources (Relazione Dell’ Ingresso fatto in Firenze Dalle Altezze Reali del Serenissimo Francesco III Duca di Lorena, e di Bar, ec. ec. Granduca di Toscana, E della Serenissima Maria Teresa, Arciduchessa d’ Austria, e Granduchessa di Toscana. Il dì 20. Gennaio 1738. ab Inc.), the course of the ceremonial entrance was reconstructed. Bearing in mind its author’s intention to provide an idealized record of the event aiming to glorify the new grand duke the text was subjected to collation with hard facts of the period to obtain a more realistic view of the event., Terezie Pilarová a Magdaléna Marjaková., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
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74. Ze mlýna, tkalcovny či od řeznického špalku ke kněžské sutaně: formování drobné kněžské inteligence na jihu Čech v 1. polovině 19. století

Creator:
Novotný, Miroslav and Veber, Tomáš
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
svatý, Neumann, Jan Nepomuk, 1811-1860, Körner, Jan, 1788-1853, Nováček, Jan Tomáš, 1802-1877, Vrána, Šimon Bernard, 1785-1856, Zátka, Jan K, 1802-1881, Sláma, František Josef, 1792-1844, 1801-1850, národní obrození, inteligence (vrstva), kněží, national renascence, intelligentsia, priests, České Budějovice (Česko), České Budějovice (Czechia), josefinismus, studium bohosloví, Josephinism, minor intelligentsia, study of theology, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Minor intelligentsia, significantly influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment and the policy and practice of the church before 1848, included the bishopric priests. The authors show not only their gradual formation, but on concrete examples they prove their mutual relationships, influences and individual activities. The fates of butcher’s, miller’s, farmer’s or weaver’s boys show, on the one hand, the social and professional variety of these representatives of future small town and village elites, on the other hand they point out to important relationships between centres such as Prague or Vienna and the periphery which, in the early nineteenth century, included Budweis and other cities not just in the South of Bohemia., Miroslav Novotný a Tomáš Veber., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public