Cortical epileptic foci elicited by local application of bicuculline methiodide represent a model of interictal epileptic activity with a transition into ictal phases. We studied a role of GABA-B receptors in this model using GABA-B receptor antagonist CGP35348 in adult rats with implanted cortical electrodes and cannula. CGP35348 (100 or 200 mg/kg i.p.) did not affect interictal discharges but it augmented ictal activity. Latency to the first ictal episode was decreased by the lower dose of CGP35348, duration of episodes was increased by the higher dose. GABA-B receptor antagonist did not influence purely cortical epileptic phenomenon but it is proconvulsant in ictal activity generated with participation of subcortical structures., P. Mareš, K Bernášková, H. Kubová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
This paper presents an adroit utilization of dimensional analysis-based model theory by which the deformation of a structure - however complex - can be elegantly and easily obtained. The structure is loaded by a concentrated lateral load of arbitrary location and magnitude. The relevant technique is outlined in some details; therefore the reader is advised to follow the presented routine closely. By doing so, he will be impressed by the prowees and economy of the described process. In the Preamble, the more important relevant theorems and relations - without proofs - are given in greatly condensed forms. This summary will help the reader to understand the subsequent application presented. Full treatment of the theories and practice of applied dimensional model theory can be found in [1], which the interested and motivated reader is advised to consult. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
We are interested in algorithms for constructing surfaces Γ of possibly small measure that separate a given domain Ω into two regions of equal measure. Using the integral formula for the total gradient variation, we show that such separators can be constructed approximatively by means of sign changing eigenfunctions of the p-Laplacians, p → 1, under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. These eigenfunctions turn out to be limits of steepest descent methods applied to suitable norm quotients.
Let $S$ be a non-empty subset of positive integers. A partition of a positive integer $n$ into $S$ is a finite nondecreasing sequence of positive integers $a_1, a_2, \dots , a_r$ in $S$ with repetitions allowed such that $\sum ^r_{i=1} a_i = n$. Here we apply Pólya’s enumeration theorem to find the number $¶(n;S)$ of partitions of $n$ into $S$, and the number ${\mathrm DP}(n;S)$ of distinct partitions of $n$ into $S$. We also present recursive formulas for computing $¶(n;S)$ and ${\mathrm DP}(n;S)$.
We introduce and study some new subclasses of starlike, convex and close-to-convex functions defined by the generalized Bessel operator. Inclusion relations are established and integral operator in these subclasses is discussed.
This study explores the significance of the Taiwanese aboriginal territories that Japanese political and military leaders founded in the early 1870s. In April 1874, Meiji Japan dispatched expeditionary forces to the aboriginal territories on the basis of two cases of atrocities that the aboriginal people had committed against their “subjects” several years earlier and their claim that part of the island of Taiwan was terra nullius. By focusing on the discourse between the leaders during the years just before the expedition’s launch, this article argues that the first overseas military campaign was not motivated by a single issue on the part of the new imperial regime, but by a combination of several domestic and external concerns. These issues, which drove them into the expedition against the Taiwanese aborigines, were all linked by a single thread; namely, their concern with regard to national security. In this sense, from the Japanese perspective, the Japanese viewed the aboriginal territories as the stage upon which national survival could be secured in the late 19th century’s international environment, one in which the West enjoyed predominance.
Habitat degradation is a major threat to the survival of chiru (Pantholops hodgsonii). Detailed knowledge for habitat conservation in this steppe-dwelling ungulate is needed if effective conservation and management strategies are to be developed. The distribution of potential habitat and the relative value of habitat to chiru on a regional scale remains unknown, hindering landscape conservation planning. Our aim was to identify and rank chiru habitat across the Chang Tang region of the Tibetan Plateau. We assessed overall habitat suitability using geographical data, field surveys, and information contained within previous studies. We identified 10194 km2 of optimal habitat (1.71 % of the region), 256816 km2 of suitable habitat (43.17 % of the region), and 213799 km2 of marginal habitat (35.94 % of the region). Our habitat model shows that suitable habitat is located primarily in the central (Nyingma county and Shuanghu county) and western (Geze county) regions of the study area. When we looked specifically at a chiru reserve (Chang Tang Nature Reserve) located within the study area, we found that over half of the reserve could be classified as suitable habitat. This highlights the regional importance of this reserve to chiru conservation. Our findings further indicate that the protection of suitable habitat and improvement of habitat linkages will be important features of any regional chiru conservation plan.