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28862. Very early EEG responses to a meaningful auditory stimulus in the frontal lobes: an intracerebral study in humans
- Creator:
- Miloslav Kukleta, Turak, B., and Louvel, J.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, člověk, human beings, intracerebral recording, frontal auditory evoked potentials, frontal cortex, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Frontal auditory evoked potentials (FAEPs) obtained as a response to the warning auditory stimulus of a contingent negative variation task from depth electrodes were investigated. The second, imperative stimulus was visual. Thirteen epileptic patients participated in the study. Records from 20 electrodes of 10 patients exhibited signs of local generation. They were localized in the motor cortices (7 cases), in the superior, medial, and inferior frontal gyri (7 cases), in the cingulate gyrus (5 cases), and in the nucleus caudatus (1 case). A typical FAEP from these generators consisted of three components: (i) first negative wave peaking at 99±13 ms; (ii) positive wave peaking at 181±21 ms; (iii) second negative wave peaking at 324±63 ms. In 11 generators no evoked activity to visual stimulus was observed; in the remaining 9 generators both auditory and visual stimuli evoked a response. FAEPs with very early onsets (onset latency below 20 ms) were found in three sites in the precentral gyrus., M. Kukleta, B. Turak, J. Louvel., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28863. Very weak solutions of the stationary Stokes equations in unbounded domains of half space type
- Creator:
- Farwig, Reinhard and Sauer, Jonas
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Stokes equation, very weak solution, strong solution, and domain of half space type
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We consider the theory of very weak solutions of the stationary Stokes system with nonhomogeneous boundary data and divergence in domains of half space type, such as $\mathbb R^n_+$, bent half spaces whose boundary can be written as the graph of a Lipschitz function, perturbed half spaces as local but possibly large perturbations of $\mathbb R^n_+$, and in aperture domains. The proofs are based on duality arguments and corresponding results for strong solutions in these domains, which have to be constructed in homogeneous Sobolev spaces. In addition to very weak solutions we also construct corresponding pressure functions in negative homogeneous Sobolev spaces.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
28864. Vestibular control of intermediate- and long-term cardiovascular responses to experimental orthostasis
- Creator:
- Raffai, G., Csekõ, C., Nádasy, G., and Monos, E.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, srdeční rytmus, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, cardiovascular control, orthostasis, vestibular lesion, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Sustained orthostasis elicits the elevation of arterial blood pressure (BP) via sympathetic activation in conscious Wistar rats for at least 2 hours. We tested the hypothesis whether vestibular apparatus plays a role in BP and heart rate (HR) control in response to prolonged gravitational stress. BP and HR responses to 45º head-up for either 2 or 24 hours were monitored by telemetry. Vestibular lesions (VL) were performed by a modified microsurgical-chemical technique. Horizontal BP and HR were not influenced by VL preceding 2-hour tilt. VL abolished the sustained 2-hour BP response to head-up tilt (8.3±0.9 mm Hg relative to horizontal values) while suppressed HR transiently only. VL eliminated diurnal BP fluctuations and decreased HR in horizontal position for 24 hours. Head-up tilt for 24 hours increased BP and HR progressively in intact animals, raising their daily average value by 5.6±0.7 mm Hg and 22.2±6 BPM, respectively. VL resulted in an initial BP rise followed by progressive BP reduction in response to long-term head-up tilt (4±2.2 mm Hg) without eliminating the tachycardia (34.4±5.4 BPM). Thus, blockade of labyrinthine inputs attenuates the BP responses elicited by both intermediate and long-term gravitational stress of orthostatic type. However, other sensory inputs derived from non-vestibular cues (e.g. proprioceptive, visual, visceral, cutaneous etc.) seem to be effective enough to maintain BP normal., G. Raffai ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28865. Vestibular system galvanization in man: the effect of stimulation field changes on the angle of body mass centre displacement
- Creator:
- Mihalik, V.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- vestibular system, galvanization, and electrode position
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- During monopolar monoaural galvanization the absolute value of body mass centre displacement angle did not depend on the stimulation electrode position. The angle value was always close either to 0° or to 180° (i.e. in the latero-lateral direction). However, some fine angle differences between different electrode positions occurred and they were statistically significant in two cases. During monoaural bipolar stimulation the body mass centre moved practically in all directions ( for all four used electrode positions) and the angles formed a more or less coherent rosette in the range of 0°-360°.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28866. Větné faktory a jejich podíl na analýze věty II
- Creator:
- Nebeský, Ladislav
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28867. Vetřelci a volavky :
- Publisher:
- Arbor vitae : and Vysoká škola uměleckoprůmyslová,
- Type:
- monografie
- Subject:
- Výtvarné umění, umění výtvarné, normalizace (1969-1989), sochařství, prostor veřejný, Československo 1969-1989, and sochařství, sochaři, řezbářství
- Language:
- Czech, English, and Slovak
- Rights:
- unknown
28868. Vetřelci a volavky :
- Type:
- text and statický obraz
- Subject:
- Výtvarné umění, umění výtvarné, normalizace (1969-1989), prostor veřejný, sochařství, sochy, Československo 1969-1989, and sochařství, sochaři, řezbářství
- Language:
- Czech, English, and Slovak
- Description:
- Název přílohy: Modely = Models
- Rights:
- unknown
28869. Vexillifera expectata sp. n. and other non-encysting amoebae isolated from organs of freshwater fish
- Creator:
- Dyková, Iva, Lom, Jiří, Macháčková, Blanka, and Pecková, Hana
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Vexillifera expectata sp.n., Vannella platypodia, glycostyles, non-encysting amoebae, and freshwater fish infections
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Four strains of non-encysting amoebae were isolated from organs of freshwater fishes and characterized using light and electron microscope. Morphology of three clonal strains was consistent with amoebae which had already been described from water habitats. Two strains, one isolated from kidney tissue of common goldfish, Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758), and the second one from brain of chub, Leuciscus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758, were identified with Vannella platypodia (Gläser, 1912) Page, 1976. Both strains were identical, except for the length of glycostyles. The strain isolated from the liver of perch, Perea fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758), was assigned to the genus Vexillifera Schaeffer, 1926 as Vexillifera expectata sp. n. The taxonomic position of the fourth non-encysting strain could not be safely established, although it shares some trophic cell structures with protostelids (Protostelia, Eumycetozoea). We present its detailed description here also to demonstrate that amoeba stages of this type of organisms are capable to infect fishes.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28870. Viabilita plodu a novorozence
- Creator:
- Zlatohlávková, Blanka
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, přehledy, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, novorozenec, novorozenec nedonošený, novorozenec s nízkou porodní hmotností, gestační věk, životaschopnost fétu, časové faktory, lékařská etika, klinická etika, porodní hmotnost, zralost orgánů plodu, prognóza, rozhodování--etika, perinatální péče--normy, nenasazení léčby--etika, neonatologie--etika, perinatologie--etika, intenzivní péče o novorozence--etika, kultury - srovnání, výběr pacientů--etika, poskytování zdravotní péče--etika, and možnost a pravděpodobnost přežití
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Určení prahu viability je výchozím bodem pro zvažování léčebného postupu. Kromě stupně zralosti plodu a jeho zdravotního stavu závisí viabilita na vývoji medicínské technologie. Je podmíněna také sociálně-ekonomickými a kulturními faktory. Hranice viability z hlediska možnosti narodit se živě a přežít leží mezi 22.-24. týdnem. Dohoda odborné komunity o poskytování aktivní péče vychází z pravděpodobnosti přežití a přežití bez závažného postižení. Ve vyspělých zemích je resuscitace a intenzivní péče od 26. gestačního týdne většinou povinná, protože děti narozené v tomto týdnu mají vysoké šance na přežití bez závažného postižení a dobrou kvalitu života. Období 22.-25. gestačního týdne je označováno jako šedá zóna, kdy výsledky péče jsou nejisté a předem nepredikovatelné. Závisí nejen na gestačním stáří, ale i na hmotnosti, pohlaví, četnosti těhotenství, místu porodu a indukci zralosti plic plodu kortikoidy. Jsou ovlivněny přístupem k péči, postoji lékařů i rodičů. Předpověď signifikantně mění přežití prvního týdne. Při rozhodování o způsobu péče je třeba vycházet z komplexního pojetí viability. Vytvoření standardů založených pouze na gestačním stáří, které často nejsme schopni přesně stanovit, by neodpovídalo medicínské i etické složitosti situace a bránilo v individuálním rozhodování., Determining the threshold of viability is the initial point in considering medical treatment. Viability depends - aside from the level of maturity of the fetus and its health condition – on the advancement of medical technology. Its quality is also based upon given socio-economical and cultural factors. The threshold of viability in regard of the possibility to be born alive and survive lies between the 22-24 weeks. An expert agreement on providing active care is based upon the probability of survival and survival without serious disability. Resuscitation and intensive care from the 26 weeks of gestation is usually mandatory in developed countries because infants born at this week have a very high chance of survival without severe disabilities and with good quality of life. The 22-25 week of gestation is known as the grey zone, during which the results of care are uncertain and unpredictable in advance. However, they depend not only on gestational age but on birth weight, sex, multiple gestation, place of delivery, and induction of lung maturity with corticosteroids. They are influenced by the caregivers approach and attitude. Surviving the first week changes the prediction significantly. It is essential to precede our decision-making according to a comprehensive concept of viability. Creating standards based entirely on gestational age which we cannot determine accurately would not meet the medical and ethical complexity of the situation and would prevent us from individual deliberation., Blanka Zlatohlávková, and Literatura 31
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public