According to the standard cosmological model, 27 % of the Universe consists of some mysterious dark matter, 68 % consists of even more mysterious dark energy, whereas only less than 5 % corresponds to baryonic matter composed from known elementary particles. The main purpose of this paper is to show that the proposed ratio 27 : 5 between the amount of dark matter and baryonic matter is considerably overestimated. Dark matter and partly also dark energy might result from inordinate extrapolations, since reality is identified with its mathematical model. Especially, we should not apply results that were verified on the scale of the Solar System during several hundreds of years to the whole Universe and extremely long time intervals without any bound of the modeling error.
We derive a curvature identity that holds on any 6-dimensional Riemannian manifold, from the Chern-Gauss-Bonnet theorem for a 6-dimensional closed Riemannian manifold. Moreover, some applications of the curvature identity are given. We also define a generalization of harmonic manifolds to study the Lichnerowicz conjecture for a harmonic manifold "a harmonic manifold is locally symmetric" and provide another proof of the Lichnerowicz conjecture refined by Ledger for the 4-dimensional case under a slightly more general setting., Yunhee Euh, Jeong Hyeong Park, Kouei Sekigawa., and Obsahuje bibliografii
A cutaneous horn is a general name for cornified material protruding from skin. On the other hand, polydactyly is a common congenital anomaly of the hand and foot which is characterized by extra finger or toe. A cutaneous horn might mimick polydactyly by resembling an extra toe. Hereby, we present a 72-year-old white Caucasian male with an extra toe-like projection on his fourth toe. Initially, polydactyly was suspected, however a cutaneous horn was also considered. The lesion was surgically removed. The histopathological examination of the specimen revealed hyperkeratosis, and thus confirmed the lesion to be a cutaneous horn., Funda Tamer, Mehmet Eren Yuksel, and Literatura