We consider the mixed problem for the hyperbolic partial differential-functional equation of the first order \[ D_xz(x,y) = f(x,y,z_{(x,y)}, D_yz(x,y)), \] where $z_{(x,y)} \: [-\tau ,0] \times [0,h] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a function defined by $z_{(x,y)}(t,s) = z(x+t, y+s)$, $(t,s) \in [-\tau ,0] \times [0,h]$. Using the method of bicharacteristics and the method of successive approximations for a certain integral-functional system we prove, under suitable assumptions, a theorem of the local existence of generalized solutions of this problem.
Blood's non-Newtonian behaviour is investigated in an idealized coronary 3D bypass model, which includes both the proximal and distal parts of the occluded native artery and the connected end-to- side bypass graft. Considering the blood to be a generalized Newtonian fluid, the shear-dependent viscosity is given by two well-known macroscopic non-Newtonian models (the Carrea-Yasuda model and the modified Cross model). Both non-Newtonian steady flow fields are analyzed with regard to the bypass geometry and are compared with the case of the Newtonian fluid. In order to perform all numerical simulations, we developed an incompressible Navier.Stokes solver based on the pseudo-compressibility approach and on the cell-centred finite volume formulation of the central explicit fourth-stage Runge-Kutta time stepping scheme defined on unstructured hexahedral computational grid. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The study of the bulla from 18 lemaeopodid copepod species collected on 15 marine fish species and one freshwater fish species taken mainly from the Gulf of Lions in the Mediterranean Sea reveals a great morphological and structural variability. It is however possible to bring forth three general remarks: - the bulla of Lernaeopodidae parasites of Selachii have a remarkably constant structure probably due to the tegument nature of the attachment substratum; - the bulla of Lernaeopodidae parasites of Teleostei has a morphology influenced by the nature of the attachment tissue; - when species of a same genus (i.e. Clavellotis) are attached on a same organ, the shape of the bulla can constitute a taxonomic characteristic.
In this paper we investigate the effect on the multiplicity of Laplacian eigenvalues of two disjoint connected graphs when adding an edge between them. As an application of the result, the multiplicity of 1 as a Laplacian eigenvalue of trees is also considered.
The vulnerability of the communication network measures the resistance of the network to disruption of operation after the failure of certain stations or communication links. Cable cuts, node interruptions, software errors or hardware failures and transmission failure at various points can cause interrupt service for long periods of time. High levels of service dependability have traditionally characterised communication services. In communication networks, requiring greater degrees of stability or less vulnerability. If we think of graph G as modelling a network, the neighbour-integrity and edge-neighbour-integrity of a graph, which are considered as the neighbour vulnerability, are two measures of graph vulnerability. In the neighbour-integrity, it is considered that any failure vertex affects its neighbour vertices. In the edge-neighbour-integrity it is consider that any failure edge affects its neighbour edges.
In this paper we study classes of recursive graphs that are used to design communication networks and represent the molecular structure, and we show neighbour-integrity (vertex and edge) among the recursive graphs.