This paper presents the historical background of the 20th-century technology of geopolymers in light of a literature research of the 15th to 19th centuries and offers a hypothesis on why this historical knowledge was forgotten when Portland cement appeared. The recapitulation of the different cementitious calcareous matters returns all the way to the Bible builders; Ancient Vitruvius Pollio’s work "Ten Books of Architecture". These books were not only read but practically proven in pre-Portland times and especially at the beginning of 19th century. The long-term stability of Roman mortars and constructions was studied from the perspective of the cementitious materials, and the cited literature demonstrates the historical evolution of calcareous cements, then the reasons for the interruption of progress and return to the historical experience in the 1980s., Tomáš Hanzlíček, Ivana Perná, Zdenek Ertl and Sean M. Miller., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) is a member of epidermal growthfactor like family of proteins that regulates adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation. Experimental studies suggest that circulating Pref-1 levels may be also involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. We hypothesized that alterations in Pref-1 levels may contribute to the ethiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa or its underlying metabolic abnormalities. We measured Pref-1 concentrations and other hormonal, biochemical and anthropometric parameters in eighteen patients with anorexia nervosa and sixteen healthy women and studied the influence of partial realimentation of anorexia nervosa patients on these parameters. The mean duration of realimentation period was 46±2 days. At baseline, anorexia nervosa patients had significantly decreased body mass index, body weight, body fat content, fasting glucose, serum insulin, TSH, free T4, leptin and total protein. Partial realimentation improved these parameters. Baseline serum Pref-1 levels did not significantly differ between anorexia nervosa and control group (0.26±0.02 vs. 0.32±0.05 ng/ml, p=0.295) but partial realimentation significantly increased circulating Pref-1 levels (0.35±0.04 vs. 0.26±0.02 ng/ml, p<0.05). Postrealimentation Pref-1 levels significantly positively correlated with the change of body mass index after realimentation (r=0.49, p<0.05). We conclude that alterations in Pref-1 are not involved in the ethiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa but its changes after partial realimentation could be involved in the regulation of adipose tissue expansion after realimentation., P. Kaválková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury