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44032. Urysohn’s lemma, gluing lemma and contraction∗ mapping theorem for fuzzy metric spaces
- Creator:
- Roja, Elango, Uma, Mallasamudram Kuppusamy, and Balasubramanian, Ganesan
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fuzzy contraction mapping and fuzzy continuous mapping
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this paper the concept of a fuzzy contraction∗ mapping on a fuzzy metric space is introduced and it is proved that every fuzzy contraction∗ mapping on a complete fuzzy metric space has a unique fixed point.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
44033. US relations with Eastern Europe :
- Creator:
- Lakatos, Artúr,
- Type:
- text and studie
- Subject:
- Mezinárodní vztahy, světová politika, vztahy USA-Evropa, diplomacie, geopolitika, USA, světové dějiny od r. 1945 do současnosti, and zahraniční politika, mezinárodní vztahy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Americké vztahy s východní Evropou. Skutečnost a vyhlídky.
- Rights:
- unknown
44034. US Trade Policy and Sub-Saharan Africa Current Trends and Their Implications for Eastern Africa /
- Creator:
- Řehák, Vilém,
- Type:
- text and studie
- Subject:
- Mezinárodní vztahy, světová politika, vztahy USA-Afrika, politika obchodní, USA, světové dějiny od r. 1945 do současnosti, zahraniční politika, mezinárodní vztahy, and obchod
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Americká obchodní politika a subsaharská Afrika. Současné trendy a jejich důsledky pro východní Afriku.
- Rights:
- unknown
44035. Usage of Electronic Sources of Historical Czech for Formal Description of Appellative-Noun Declension /
- Creator:
- Lehečka, Boris,
- Type:
- text and studie
- Subject:
- Lingvistika. Jazyky, jazyk český, digitalizace, projekty vědecké, české země od r. 1993 do současnosti, and jazyk, písmo
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
44036. Use of 3D geometry modeling of osteochondrosis-like iatrogenic lesions as a template for press-and-fit scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells
- Creator:
- Petr Krupa, Pavel Kršek, Javorník, M., Otto Dostál, Robert Srnec, Dušan Usvald, Pavel Proks, Helga Kecová, Evžen Amler, Josef Jančář, Peter Gál, Ladislav Plánka, and Alois Nečas
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, chrupavka, mezenchymální kmenové buňky, cartilage, mesenchymal stem cells, CT imaging, tissue segmentation, joint resurfacing, miniature pig, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Computed tomography (CT) is an effective diagnostic modality for three-dimensional imaging of bone structures, including the geometry of their defects. The aim of the study was to create and optimize 3D geometrical and real plastic models of the distal femoral component of the knee with joint surface defects. Input data included CT images of stifle joints in twenty miniature pigs with iatrogenic osteochondrosis-like lesions in medial femoral condyle of the left knee. The animals were examined eight and sixteen weeks after surgery. Philips MX 8000 MX and View workstation were used for scanning parallel plane cross section slices and Cartesian discrete volume creation. On the average, 100 slices were performed in each stifle joint. Slice matrices size was 512 x 512 with slice thickness of 1 mm. Pixel (voxel) size in the slice plane was 0.5 mm (with average accuracy of ± 0.5 mm and typical volume size 512 × 512 × 100 voxels). Three-dimensional processing of CT data and 3D geometrical modelling, using interactive computer graphic system MediTools formerly developed here, consisted of tissue segmentation (raster based method combination and 5 % of manual correction), vectorization by the marching-cubes method, smoothing and decimation. Stifle- joint CT images of three individuals of different body size (small, medium and large) were selected to make the real plastic models of their distal femurs from plaster composite using rapid prototyping technology of Zcorporation. Accuracy of the modeling was ± 0.5 mm. The real plastic models of distal femurs can be used as a template for developing custom made press and fit scaffold implants seeded with mesenchymal stem cells that might be subsequently implanted into iatrogenic joint surface defects for articular cartilage-repair enhancement., P. Krupa, P. Kršek, M. Javorník, O. Dostál, R. Srnec, D. Usvald, P. Proks, H. Kecová, E. Amler, J. Jančář, P. Gál, L. Plánka, A. Nečas., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
44037. Use of a right ventricular continuous flow pump to validate the distensible model of the pulmonary vasculature
- Creator:
- Vanden Eynden, F. , Segers, P., Bové, T. , De Somer, F., El Oumeiri, B., and Van Nooten, G.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Pulmonary circulation, Distensibility, Assist device, and Vascular resistence
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In the pulmonary circulation, resistive and compliant properties overlap in the same vessels. Resistance varies nonlinearly with pressure and flow; this relationship is driven by the elastic properties of the vessels. Linehan et al. (1982) correlated the mean pulmonary arterial pressure and mean flow with resistance using an original equation incorporating the distensibility of the pulmonary arteries. The goal of this study was to validate this equation in an in vivo porcine model. In vivo measurements were acquired in 6 pigs. The distensibility coefficient (DC) was measured by placing piezo-electric crystals around the pulmonary artery (PA). In addition to experiments under pulsatile conditions, a right ventricular (RV) bypass system was used to induce a continuous pulmonary flow state. The Linehan's equation was then used to predict the pressure from the flow under continuous flow conditions. The diameter-derived DC was 2.4 %/mmHg (±0.4 %), whereas the surface area-based DC was 4.1 %/mmHg (±0.1 %). An increase in continuous flow was associated with a constant decrease in resistance, which correlated with the diameter-based DC (r=-0.8407, p=0.044) and the surface areabased DC (r=-0.8986, p=0.028). In contrast to the Linehan’s equation, our results showed constant or even decreasing pressure as flow increased. Using a model of continuous pulmonary flow induced by an RV assist system, pulmonary pressure could not be predicted based on the flow using the Linehan’s equation. Measurements of distensibility based on the diameter of the PA were inversely correlated with the resistance.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
44038. Use of Aguieira Dam by Eurasian otters in Central Portugal
- Creator:
- Pedroso, Nuno M., Sales-Luís, Teresa, and Santos-Reis, Margarida
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Lutra lutra, reservoir, spatial use, marking behaviour, diet, and tributaries
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The construction of dams is a significant environmental issue due to its impacts on native fish populations and riparian animals and habitats. The response of otters Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758 to such disturbances was evaluated using the Aguieira reservoir (Central Portugal) and its associated tributaries as a model. Visiting rates suggested the presence of resident otters, both in the reservoir and in two of the tributaries. There was a significant negative influence of water level and precipitation in the number of spraints found around the reservoir. Nevertheless, marking behaviour was positively related to substrate and negatively related to vegetation cover, though these variables explained only a small amount of variation in otter signs. In the tributaries, although precipitation also negatively affected the number of otter signs found, the availability of rocks in the riverbed and the presence of refuge had a positive influence in marking behaviour. Prey composition and abundance differed between reservoir and tributaries, but the main otter prey in both systems was the pumpkinseed, which is very abundant in the reservoir. Results demonstrate that otters regularly use the Aguieira reservoir, which provides a good prey base, and the associated tributaries, which provide shelter.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
44039. Use of allogenic stem cells for the prevention of bone bridge formation in miniature pigs
- Creator:
- Ladislav Plánka, Alois Nečas, Robert Srnec, Petr Raušer, David Starý, Josef Jančář, Evžen Amler, Eva Filová, Jana Juhásová, Leoš Křen, and Petr Gál
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, poranění, physiology, wounds and injuries, růstová ploténka, fysis, deformace končetiny, mesenchymální kmenové buňky, growth plate, physis, limb deformity, mesenchymal stem cells, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This study appears from an experiment previously carried out in New Zealand white rabbits. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were transplanted into an iatrogenically-created defect in the lateral section of the distal physis of the left femur in 10 miniature pigs. The right femur with the same defect served as a control. To transfer MSCs, a freshly prepared porous scaffold was used, based on collagen and chitosan, constituting a compact tube into which MSCs were implanted. The pigs were euthanized four months after the transplantation. On average, the left femur with transplanted MSCs grew more in length (0.56±0.14 cm) compared with right femurs with physeal defect without transplanted MSCs (0.14 ± 0.3 cm). The average angular (valgus) deformity of the left femur had an angle point of 0.78°, following measurement and X-ray examination, whereas in the right femur without transplantation it was 3.7°. The initial results indicate that preventive transplantation of MSCs into a physeal defect may prevent valgus deformity formation and probably also reduce disorders of the longitudinal bone growth. This part of our experiment is significant in the effort to advance MSCs application in human medicine by using pig as a model, which is the next step after experimenting on rabbits., L. Plánka ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
44040. use of artificial nest-boxes by Apodemus sylvaticus dichrurus in Sicily
- Creator:
- Sarà, Maurizio
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- wood mouse, arboreal activity, and Mediterranean woodlands
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Reports of wood mouse arboreality are rather scarce outside Britain. I reviewed and analysed 267 visits and 16,456 checks of glirids artificial nest-boxes mounted on trees, in twelve sample areas of Meso- and Supra-Mediterranean woodlands (Sicily, 1995–2005). The wood mouse was recorded only 65 times (0.395%) using the artificial nest-boxes in nine sample areas, and based on this low frequency, the wood mouse can be considered as an occasional dweller of artificial nest-boxes. The resource selection index allowed checking the use respect to the availability of nest-boxes placed at different heights. These were likely reached by climbing the dense understorey and low tree branches up to 5 m, but nest-boxes in the two lower classes (0.5–1.0 and 1.1–1.5 m) were used more than those in the two higher classes (1.6–2.0 and 2.1–5.0 m). ANOVA results suggested that the box use was not related to any particular habitat or sample area feature, and it was slightly more pronounced from March to May. Regardless of their age and sex, individuals mostly exploited nest-boxes placed near the ground (0.5–1.5 m) and generally for 2–3 months. Nonetheless, cases of consecutive use for longer periods and instances of reproduction inside nest-boxes showed that some individuals extended their home range also to the vertical dimension.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/