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3552. The Israel philosophy association 16th annual conference
- Creator:
- Vacek, Martin
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Martin Vacek
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3553. The joint probability distribution of runoff and sediment and its change characteristics with multi-time scales
- Creator:
- Zhang, Jinping, Ding, Zhihong, and You, Jinjun
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- runoff, sediment, joint probability distribution, copula, and empirical mode decomposition method
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- River runoff and sediment transport are two related random hydrologic variables. The traditional statistical analysis method usually requires those two variables to be linearly correlated, and also have an identical marginal distribution. Therefore, it is difficult to know exactly the characteristics of the runoff and sediment in reality. For this reason, copulas are applied to construct the joint probability distribution of runoff and sediment in this article. The risk of synchronous-asynchronous encounter probability of annual rich-poor runoff and sediment is also studied. At last, the characteristics of annual runoff and sediment with multi-time scales in its joint probability distribution space are simulated by empirical mode decomposition method. The results show that the copula function can simulate the joint probability distribution of runoff and sediment of Huaxia hydrological station in Weihe River well, and that such joint probability distribution has very complex change characteristics at time scales.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3554. The judge-dependence of aesthetic and moral judgement
- Creator:
- Kölbel, Max
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- anti-realism, aesthetic judgement, judge-dependence, moral judgement, Kant, and Hume
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- This paper develops an account of judge-dependence, conceived of as a generalization of the better known notion of response-dependence. It then solves a number of problems for the view that aesthetic judgements are judge-dependent in this sense. Finally, a parallel case for the judge-dependence of moral judgement is assessed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3555. The L-moment based regional approach to curve numbers for Slovak and Polish Carpathian catchments
- Creator:
- Kohnová, Silvia , Rutkowska, Agnieszka , Banasik, Kazimierz , and Hlavčová, Kamila
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- catchment curve number, homogeneity, and regional frequency analysis
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The main objective of the paper was to propose and evaluate the performance of a regional approach to estimate CN values and to test the impact of different initial abstraction ratios. The curve number (CN) was analyzed for five Slovak and five Polish catchments situated in the Carpathian Mountains. The L-moment based method of Hosking and Wallis and the ANOVA test were combined to delineate the area in two homogenous regions of catchments with similar CN values. The optimization condition enabled the choice of the initial abstraction ratio, which provided the smallest discrepancy between the tabulated and estimated CNs and the antecedent runoff conditions. The homogeneity in the CN within the regions of four Slovak and four Polish catchments was revealed. Finally, the regional CN was proposed to be at the 50% quantile of the regional theoretical distribution function estimated from all the CNs in the region. The approach is applied in a group of Slovak and Polish catchments with physiographic conditions representative for the Carpathian region. The main benefit of introducing a common regional CN is the opportunity to apply this procedure in catchments of similar soil-physiographic characteristics and to verify the existing tabulated CN. The paper could give rise to an alternative way of estimating the CN values in forested catchments and catchments with a lack of data or without observations.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3556. The layering of a mountain podzol can strongly affect the distribution of infiltrated water in the soil profile
- Creator:
- Jačka, Lukáš, Pavlásek, Jiří, Kalibová, Jana, Bašta, Petr, Kovář, Martin, and Kuráž, Václav
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- brilliant blue, Guelph permeameter, field saturated hydraulic conductivity, infiltration into layered soil, and mountain forest
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The layering of the soil profile can influence the accumulation of infiltrated water and the way in which subsurface runoff is formed. This paper examines a mountain podzol characterized by clearly developed soil horizons. After these horizons had been identified, distinct soil layers were defined (the eluvial horizon, the spodic horizon (undifferentiated), and weathered bedrock). Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), particle size distribution and bulk density were measured in these layers. A visualization of the distribution of infiltrated water in the podzolic profile was performed using a dye tracer experiment. The accumulation of dyed water and a distinct lateral flow were detected in the eluvial layer. Only limited entry of water into the spodic layer was observed. These effects were caused by changes in soil hydraulic properties (SHP) among the investigated layers. For the spodic horizons, the measured Ks value (crucial SHP) was significantly lower than the Ks values for the other tested horizons. The probable reason for the lower Ks was an accumulation of fine particles and various substances in the spodic horizons, and corresponding changes in the porous system. The observed effects of layering indicate that water can be accumulated and subsurface runoff can be formed over the spodic layer during intensive rain or snow melting.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3557. The Limit Deposit Velocity model, a new approach
- Creator:
- Miedema, Sape A. and Ramsdell, Robert C.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- critical velocity, Limit Deposit Velocity, slurry transport, and Newtonian fluid
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- In slurry transport of settling slurries in Newtonian fluids, it is often stated that one should apply a line speed above a critical velocity, because blow this critical velocity there is the danger of plugging the line. There are many definitions and names for this critical velocity. It is referred to as the velocity where a bed starts sliding or the velocity above which there is no stationary bed or sliding bed. Others use the velocity where the hydraulic gradient is at a minimum, because of the minimum energy consumption. Most models from literature are one term one equation models, based on the idea that the critical velocity can be explained that way. Here the following definition is used: The critical velocity is the line speed below which there may be either a stationary bed or a sliding bed, depending on the particle diameter and the pipe diameter, but above which no bed (stationary or sliding) exists, the Limit Deposit Velocity (LDV). The way of determining the LDV depends on the particle size, where 5 regions are distinguished. These regions for sand and gravel are roughly; very small particles up to 0.014-0.040 mm (d < δv), small particles from δv-0.2 mm, medium particles in a transition region from 0.2-2.00 mm, large particles > 2 mm and very large particles > 0.015·Dp. The lower limit of the LDV is the transition between a sliding bed and heterogeneous transport. The new model is partly based on physics and correlates well with experiments from literature.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3558. The logical and metaphysical structure of a common nature: a hidden aspect of Aquinas’mereology
- Creator:
- Svoboda, David
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Aquinas, mereology, and metaphysical whole/part
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The paper deals with a type of whole and part that can be found in Aquinas’ work and to which no attention has been paid so far. This type of whole and part can be called metaphysical whole and metaphysical part, respectively. In the paper, metaphysical whole and part are put forth on the problem of the logical and metaphysical structure of a common nature., Příspěvek pojednává o typu celku a jeho části, které lze nalézt v díle Akvinského a na které dosud nebyla věnována pozornost. Tento typ celku a části lze nazvat metafyzickou celou a metafyzickou částí. V příspěvku jsou metafyzický celek a jeho část uvedeny na téma logické a metafyzické struktury běžné povahy., and David Svoboda
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3559. The many inadequate justifications of methodological naturalism
- Creator:
- Larmer, Robert A.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- ad hominem fallacy, nomological science, historical science, supernatural agency, inductive generalization, Robert Pennock, klamný omyl, nomologická věda, historická věda, nadpřirozená agentura, and indukční zobecnění
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Contrary to proponents’ claims, methodological naturalism is not metaphysically neutral. Consequently, its acceptance as a practice requires justification. Unfortunately for its advocates, attempts to justify it are failures. It cannot be defended as a definition, or a self-imposed limitation, of science, nor, more modestly, as an inductively justified commitment to natural causes. As a practice, it functions not to further scientific investigation, but rather to impose an explanatory straitjacket., Na rozdíl od tvrzení zastánců není metodologický naturalismus metafyzicky neutrální. Proto jeho přijetí jako praxe vyžaduje odůvodnění. Bohužel pro své obhájce jsou pokusy ospravedlnit to neúspěchy. Nelze ji obhajovat jako definici nebo samoobmedzení vědy, ani skromněji jako indukčně odůvodněný závazek k přirozeným příčinám. Jako praxe, to funguje ne k dalšímu vědeckému zkoumání, ale poněkud uložit vysvětlující kazajku., and Robert A. Larmer
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3560. The moral status of the reclamation of slurs
- Creator:
- Cepollaro, Bianca
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- hate speech, polarity reversal, reclamation, reverse racism, reverse sexism, and slurs
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- While prototypical uses of slurs express contempt for targets, some reclaimed uses are associated with positive evaluations. This practice may raise concerns. I anticipate this criticism in what I dub the Warrant Argument (WA) and then defend the legitimacy of this kind of reclamation. For the WA, standard pejorative uses of slurs are problematic for assuming unwarranted connections between descriptive properties (e.g., being gay) and value judgements (e.g., being worthy of contempt). When reclaimed uses of slurs express a positive evaluation of their targets—the WA goes—reclamation fails to challenge the unwarranted link between descriptive properties and value judgements, and merely reverses the evaluation polarity from negative to positive. So, the WA concludes, reclaimed uses of slurs evaluating targets positively for belonging to a certain group make a similar moral error as derogatory uses of slurs (sections 2-3). The WA could lead us to condemn reclamation. To resist this conclusion, I draw a parallel with affirmative action, arguing that it can be morally permissible to balance an existing form of injustice by temporarily introducing a countervailing mechanism that prima facie seems to violate the norm of equality: even if the WA were right, it wouldn’t constitute an argument against the moral permissibility of reclamation in the case of most slurs (section 4). This line of argument in defense of pride reclamation may also serve to debunk the myths of reverse racism and reverse sexism (section 5).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public