HamleDT 2.0 is a collection of 30 existing treebanks harmonized into a common annotation style, the Prague Dependencies, and further transformed into Stanford Dependencies, a treebank annotation style that became popular recently. We use the newest basic Universal Stanford Dependencies, without added language-specific subtypes.
HamleDT (HArmonized Multi-LanguagE Dependency Treebank) is a compilation of existing dependency treebanks (or dependency conversions of other treebanks), transformed so that they all conform to the same annotation style. This version uses Universal Dependencies as the common annotation style.
Update (November 1017): for a current collection of harmonized dependency treebanks, we recommend using the Universal Dependencies (UD). All of the corpora that are distributed in HamleDT in full are also part of the UD project; only some corpora from the Patch group (where HamleDT provides only the harmonizing scripts but not the full corpus data) are available in HamleDT but not in UD.
This multilingual resource contains corpora in which verbal MWEs have been manually annotated. VMWEs include idioms (let the cat out of the bag), light-verb constructions (make a decision), verb-particle constructions (give up), inherently reflexive verbs (help oneself), and multi-verb constructions (make do). This is the first release of the corpora without an associated shared task. Previous version (1.2) was associated with the PARSEME Shared Task on semi-supervised Identification of Verbal MWEs (2020). The data covers 26 languages corresponding to the combination of the corpora for all previous three editions (1.0, 1.1 and 1.2) of the corpora. VMWEs were annotated according to the universal guidelines. The corpora are provided in the cupt format, inspired by the CONLL-U format. Morphological and syntactic information, including parts of speech, lemmas, morphological features and/or syntactic dependencies, are also provided. Depending on the language, the information comes from treebanks (e.g., Universal Dependencies) or from automatic parsers trained on treebanks (e.g., UDPipe). All corpora are split into training, development and test data, following the splitting strategy adopted for the PARSEME Shared Task 1.2. The annotation guidelines are available online: https://parsemefr.lis-lab.fr/parseme-st-guidelines/1.3 The .cupt format is detailed here: https://multiword.sourceforge.net/cupt-format/
Wikipedia plain text data obtained from Wikipedia dumps with WikiExtractor in February 2018.
The data come from all Wikipedias for which dumps could be downloaded at [https://dumps.wikimedia.org/]. This amounts to 297 Wikipedias, usually corresponding to individual languages and identified by their ISO codes. Several special Wikipedias are included, most notably "simple" (Simple English Wikipedia) and "incubator" (tiny hatching Wikipedias in various languages).
For a list of all the Wikipedias, see [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias].
The script which can be used to get new version of the data is included, but note that Wikipedia limits the download speed for downloading a lot of the dumps, so it takes a few days to download all of them (but one or a few can be downloaded fast).
Also, the format of the dumps changes time to time, so the script will probably eventually stop working one day.
The WikiExtractor tool [http://medialab.di.unipi.it/wiki/Wikipedia_Extractor] used to extract text from the Wikipedia dumps is not mine, I only modified it slightly to produce plaintext outputs [https://github.com/ptakopysk/wikiextractor].
Tools and scripts used to create the cross-lingual parsing models submitted to VarDial 2017 shared task (https://bitbucket.org/hy-crossNLP/vardial2017), as described in the linked paper. The trained UDPipe models themselves are published in a separate submission (https://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/repository/xmlui/handle/11234/1-1971).
For each source (SS, e.g. sl) and target (TT, e.g. hr) language,
you need to add the following into this directory:
- treebanks (Universal Dependencies v1.4):
SS-ud-train.conllu
TT-ud-predPoS-dev.conllu
- parallel data (OpenSubtitles from Opus):
OpenSubtitles2016.SS-TT.SS
OpenSubtitles2016.SS-TT.TT
!!! If they are originally called ...TT-SS... instead of ...SS-TT...,
you need to symlink them (or move, or copy) !!!
- target tagging model
TT.tagger.udpipe
All of these can be obtained from https://bitbucket.org/hy-crossNLP/vardial2017
You also need to have:
- Bash
- Perl 5
- Python 3
- word2vec (https://code.google.com/archive/p/word2vec/); we used rev 41 from 15th Sep 2014
- udpipe (https://github.com/ufal/udpipe); we used commit 3e65d69 from 3rd Jan 2017
- Treex (https://github.com/ufal/treex); we used commit d27ee8a from 21st Dec 2016
The most basic setup is the sl-hr one (train_sl-hr.sh):
- normalization of deprels
- 1:1 word-alignment of parallel data with Monolingual Greedy Aligner
- simple word-by-word translation of source treebank
- pre-training of target word embeddings
- simplification of morpho feats (use only Case)
- and finally, training and evaluating the parser
Both da+sv-no (train_ds-no.sh) and cs-sk (train_cs-sk.sh) add some cross-tagging, which seems to be useful only in
specific cases (see paper for details).
Moreover, cs-sk also adds more morpho features, selecting those that
seem to be very often shared in parallel data.
The whole pipeline takes tens of hours to run, and uses several GB of RAM, so make sure to use a powerful computer.
Pretrained model weights for the UDify model, and extracted BERT weights in pytorch-transformers format. Note that these weights slightly differ from those used in the paper.
Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008).
Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008).