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Start Over Subject Španělsko Original context has metadata only false Date Unknown

1. "Je to bezesporu trápení cestovat touto zemí v takové zimě" :

Creator:
Svátek, Jaroslav,
Type:
text and studie
Subject:
Mezinárodní vztahy, světová politika, Tafur, Pedro,, Albrecht, cestopisy, šlechtici španělští, pohled na druhé, vztahy česko-španělské, panovníci, cestopisy, cestovatelé, Španělsko, světové dějiny středověku (do r. 1492), české země 1419-1437, šlechta, buržoazie, měšťanstvo, podnikatelé, and zahraniční politika, mezinárodní vztahy
Language:
Czech
Description:
"It is indisputably suffering to travel in this country in such cold." Andalusian knight Pero Tafur in Bohemia, Silesia and Moravia (1438-1439).
Rights:
unknown

2. (E)straperlo: začiatok konca Druhej španielskej republiky? :

Creator:
Timko, Maroš
Type:
text and studie
Subject:
Dějiny států a území na Pyrenejském poloostrově, aféry politické, korupce, politici španělští, Španělsko, světové dějiny 1918-1945, and vnitřní politika
Language:
Slovak
Description:
(E)straperlo: the beginning of the end of the Second Spanish Republic? The example of the political corruption and comparison of the reflection on crisis in Madrid and Asturias.
Rights:
unknown

4. Altitudinal trends in the phenology of butterflies in a mountainous area in central Spain

Creator:
de Arce Crespo, Juan Ignacio and Gutiérrez, David
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, entomologie, Španělsko, Spain, butterflies, elevation, timing of the flight period, duration of the flight period, phenology, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
One of the best documented effects of climate change on biodiversity are shifts in phenology. However, long-term data quantifying and projecting the expected changes in phenology associated with climate warming are limited to a few well-recorded areas in the world. In the absence of temporal recording, an alternative approach is to determine the phenological response of species along marked gradients in climate or along latitudinal or altitudinal transects (space-for-time substitution). We studied the phenology (timing and duration of the flight period) of butterflies in 2006 along an altitudinal gradient (900-1680 m; estimated temperature lapse rate = -6.6°C/km) in the Serranía de Cuenca (central Spain) at the assemblage and individual species levels. Timing of the flight period was later for assemblages at high than at low altitudes. A similar trend of an increasing delay in the flight period with altitude was recorded for some individual species. However, there were also some exceptions to this pattern regardless of the number of sites and the altitudinal ranges of the species, suggesting possible local adaptation to regional climate. The duration of the flight period was shorter at high altitudes for assemblages, but this trend was not mirrored in the response of individual species. The results partly support substituting space-for-time when assessing the potential effect of climate change on phenophases such as the timing of the flight period, but we recommend extreme caution in extrapolating the results in the absence of information on how the responses of populations differ. and Juan Ignacio De Arce Crespo, David Gutiérrez.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5. Andalusi sherds from Prague

Creator:
Charvát, Petr, Hrdlička, Ladislav, and Delery, Claire
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Middle Ages, Prague, commerce, Spain, Almohad empire, středověk, Praha, obchod, Španělsko, and almohádské impérium
Language:
Czech
Description:
Two fragments of lustre-glaze tableware excavated at the Týn merchant inn in the Staré-Město quarter of Prague, the archaeological deposition context of which may be dated into the turn of the 13th and 14th century, represent products of Andalusi pottery workshops of 12th and early 13th centuries. The route by which this tableware service came to Prague is difficult to trace. It seems most logical to link the introduction of this luxury pottery with the wave of Andalusi products, especially precious textiles, supplying the highest circles of Bohemian society roughly between 1250 and 1320. This commercial operation might have followed up the trade ventures of Andalusi-oriented entrepreneurs furnishing customers of western Europe along the Atlantic coast with luxury items originating in Andalusi production plants. An alternative to this idea is represented by the possibility that the vessels came to Prague in the baggage of some of its Jewish residents. and Dva zlomky přepychové stolní keramiky s lustrovou glazurou, nalezené při výzkumu Týnského dvora v Praze v archeologickém kontextu uloženém nejspíše na přelomu 13. a 14. stol., představují výrobky andaluských dílen almohádského období Iberského poloostrova a byly zhotoveny nejspíše ve 12. či raném 13. století. Rekonstruovat cestu tohoto přepychového stolního servisu z Andalusie do Prahy není jednoduché. Nejlogičtější řešení tu představuje myšlenka transportu v důsledku almohádského obchodu se zeměmi západní Evropy podél jejího atlantického pobřeží až do oblasti Severního a Baltského moře. Druhou a stejně dobře představitelnou alternativu představuje přivezení souboru luxusního stolního zboží některým z židovských obyvatel středověké Prahy.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

7. Between Spain and Russia: The Long Shadow of the Soviet Cheka and its Use in Propaganda in Spain in the 1920s and 1930s as well as during the Spanish Civil War /

Creator:
Jiménez Herrera, Fernando,
Type:
text and studie
Subject:
Dějiny států a území na Pyrenejském poloostrově, Franco Bahamonde, Francisco,, válka španělská občanská (1936-1939), propaganda, vztahy španělsko-sovětské, pojmy, Čeka, válka ruská občanská (1917-1922), Španělsko, světové dějiny 1918-1945, politické dějiny, politici, and SSSR
Language:
English
Rights:
unknown

10. Easy-to-make portable chamber for in situ CO2 exchange measurements on biological soil crusts

Creator:
Ladrón De Guevara, M., Lázaro, R., Quero, J. L., Chamizo, S., and Domingo, F.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
lišejníky, mechy, photosynthesis, lichenes, Španělsko, Spain, cyanobacteria, infrared gas analyzer, moss, net photosynthesis, soil respiration, chamber, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Commercial chambers for in vivo gas exchange are usually designed to measure on vascular plants, but not on cryptogams and other organisms forming biological soil crusts (BSCs). We have therefore designed two versions of a chamber with different volumes for determining CO2 exchange with a portable photosynthesis system, for three main purposes: (1) to measure in situ CO2 exchange on soils covered by BSCs with minimal physical and microenvironmental disturbance; (2) to acquire CO2-exchange measurements comparable with the most widely employed systems and methodologies; and (3) to monitor CO2 exchange over time. Different configurations were tested in the two versions of the chamber and fluxes were compared to those measured by four reference commercial chambers: three attached to two respirometers, and a conifer chamber attached to a portable photosynthesis system. Most comparisons were done on biologically crusted soil samples. When using devices in a closed system, fluxes were higher and the relationships to the reference chambers were weaker. Nevertheless, high correlations between our chamber operating in open system and measurements of commercial respiration and photosynthetic chambers were found in all cases (R2 > 0.9), indicating the suitability of the chamber designed for in situ measurements of CO2 gas exchange on BSCs., M. Ladrón De Guevara, R. Lázaro, J. L. Quero, S. Chamizo, F. Domingo., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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