In Senegal, several areas provide great potential for agriculture and animal production, but African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) is one of the major constraints to the development of more effective livestock production systems. A study was conducted to assess the current situation of AAT in this country. Surveys were carried out between June 2011 and September 2012 in four different areas: Dakar, Sine Saloum, Kedougou region and Basse Casamance in several animal species: dogs (152), donkeys (23), horses (63), sheep (43), goats (52) and cattle (104), distributed in the four sites. Molecular tools (PCR) indicated 3.4% positive animals including dogs, donkeys, a goat and cattle. The savannah type of Trypanosoma congolense Broden, 1904 (53% of positive cases) and the forest type of T. congolense (subgenus Nannomonas Hoare, 1964) were predominant. Trypanosoma vivax Ziemann, 1905 (subgenus Duttonella Chalmers, 1918) was only present in one animal and no trypanosome of the subgenus Trypanozoon Lühe, 1906 was found. Half of the positive cases were detected in Sine Saloum, where T. congolense savannah-type was predominant, and the other half in Basse Casamance, where T. congolense forest-type was predominant; no cases were found in Dakar or in the Kedougou region. A high risk of infection in dogs with T. congolense savannah-type was shown in Sine Saloum, requiring prevention and control of dogs in this area. The involvement of tsetse flies in the transmission of T. congolense in Sine Saloum and Basse Casamance is discussed., Sophie Ravel, Oleg Mediannikov, Géraldine Bossard, Marc Desquesnes, Gérard Cuny, Bernard Davoust., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The eye nematode Thelazia callipaeda Railliet et Henry, 1910 (Spirurida: Thelaziidae) is a vector-borne zoonotic nematode infecting a range of wild and domestic carnivores as well as humans. It is considered to be a causative agent of emerging and neglected disease and currently invades central part of Europe. Nematodes were collected from the eye of a dog living in Prague, which never travelled outside the Czech Republic. The nematodes were identified based on their morphology and partial sequence of the cox1 gene as T. callipaeda haplotype 1. This finding represents the northernmost record of autochthonous canine thelaziosis in Europe. The insufficient control of imported animals as well as free movement of dogs and wild carnivores within Europe probably facilitates spreading of T. callipaeda throughout the continent. To better understand the spreading of T. callipaeda and to prevent its zoonotic transmissions, information about the risk of this infection in newly invaded countries should be disseminated not only among veterinarians and physicians, but also within the community of pet owners and hunters., Milan Jirků, Roman Kuchta, Elena Gricaj, David Modrý and Kateřina Jirků Pomajbíková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Karcinom prostaty je nejčastějším solidním zhoubným nádorem u mužů v řadě vyspělých zemí světa. V naší studii jsme hodnotili schopnost detekovat pravděpodobnost přítomnosti karcinomu prostaty (KP) ve vzorcích lidské moči čichem speciálně trénovaného psa. Definitivní potvrzení KP je vždy nutné ověřit histologicky. Jedním z alternativních biomarkerů, které pes v moči cítí, jsou pak VOC (volatile organic compounds). Předmětem našeho dalšího výzkumu bude zjišťování, na jakou látku v moči pes vlastně reaguje a díky tomu je schopen označit pozitivní vzorek., Prostate cancer is the most common solid malign tumour in men in many developed countries of the world. Our study evaluates the ability to detect the presence of prostate cancer in human urine samples using olfactory cells of specifically trained dog. The definitive confirmation of prostate cancer should be verified histologically. One of the alternative biomarkers that can be detected by the dog are so called volatile organic compounds. In our research we are trying to identify the specific agent in urine, which is detected by the dog and thereby a positive sample is marked, and Vyhnánková V., Pacík D., Urbanová L., Nečas A., Tučková M.
UNLABELLED: Aim of our study was to evaluate the importance of atopy patch testing with aeroallergens as a diagnostic method in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. METHOD: The complet dermatological and allergological examinations were performed in 29 patients; 10 men, 19 women with the average age of 27.8 years, min. 17, max. 57 years; with the median SCORAD 24.2 points, s.d. 13.3 points. Wormwood, grass, dog dander, cat dander, dermatophagoides pharinae, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and birch pollen were examined in diagnostic procedures. Skin prick tests, specific IgE were examined; the atopy patch tests were performed with aeroallergens for skin prick tests in concentration 1 x skin prick tests. RESULTS: Specific IgE and skin prick tests to one or more tested aeroallergens were positive altogether in 27 patients; atopy patch tests were positive only in one of these patients. CONCLUSION: For atopy patch testing with aeroallergens the concentration of 1 x skin prick tests is low to confirme the eczematic reaction in patients suffering from allergy to inhallant allergens. and J. Celakovská, K. Ettlerová, K. Ettler, J. Vanecková
Oxid dusnatý (NO) je známy ako signálna molekula, ktorá hrá dôležitú úlohu v patofyziológii mnohých neurodegeneratívnych ochorení. Málo sa však vie o úlohe NO v patogenéze cauda equina syndrómu. V práci sme sledovali aktivitu kalciovo-závislej syntázy oxidu dusnatého (NOS) v Th1?Th12, L1?L3 a L4?L7 segmentoch miechy, rozdelenej na dorzálnu, mediálnu a prednú časť a neurónovú NOS imunoreaktivitu (nNOS-IR) v L4?L7 segmentoch po chirurgicky navodenej mnohonásobnej konstrikcii cauda equina (MCEC) u psa a po prežívaní experimentálnych zvierat po dobu 2 a 5 dní. Signifikantné zvýšenie kalciovo-závislej NOS aktivity bolo zaznamenané v zadnej časti torakálnych a horných lumbálnych segmentov 2 dni po MCEC, kým na piaty deň enzýmová aktivita v zadnej časti vyššie uvedených miechových segmentov sa signifikantne znížila. Nevýrazné rozdiely sa zaznamenali v zadnej časti L4?L6 segmentov. V mediálnej časti L4?L7 segmentov odobranej 2 dni po MCEC, bola kalciovo-závislá NOS aktivita zvýšená len prechodne; hodnota sa vrátila takmer na úroveň kontroly piaty deň po konstrikcii. 2 dni trvajúca MCEC nespôsobila zmeny v enzýmovej aktivite v mediálnej časti torakálnych a horných lumbálnych segmentov. Signifikantné rozdiely sa zaznamenali len 5 dní po MCEC. Vplyv MCEC na kalciovo-závislú NOS aktivitu vo ventrálnej časti torakálnych, horných a dolných lumbálnych segmentov bol podobný, pričom sa zistilo signifikantné zvýšenie enzýmovej aktivity v sledovaných segmentoch avšak s výnimkou jej zníženia v horných lumbálnych segmentoch 5 dní po konstrikcii. Zvýšenie kalciovo-závislej NOS aktivity v dolných lumbálnych segmentoch korelovalo so zvýšeným počtom NOS-IR neurónov lokalizovaných v laminae VIII a IX a so zvýšenou expresiou NOS-IR axónov vo ventrolaterálnom povrazci., Jozef Kafka, N. Lukáčová, D. Čížková, J. Maršala, and Lit.: 37