Eight species of Typhlodromus Scheuten were collected during an extensive survey of phytoseiid mites in Norway. One of the species, Typhlodromus norvegicus, is described as a new taxon and Typhlodromus ulex Evans is considered to be a junior synonym of Typhlodromus phialatus Athias-Henriot. Keys are given for the identification of the genera of the Typhlodrominae and species of the genus Typhlodromus represented in the fauna of Norway. Distribution maps are provided for seven species and the frequency of Typhlodromus species on a range of host plants is given in tabular form. Picea abies showed the highest frequency of Typhlodromus spp. and all eight species were found on Juniperus communis.
By using the Seiberg-Witten invariant we show that the region under the Noether line in the lattice domain $\mathbb{Z}\times \mathbb{Z}$ is covered by minimal, simply connected, symplectic 4-manifolds.
In spite of its relatively brief history, the German Energiewende has changed the electricity mix in Germany substantially; Green electricity from wind, solar, water and biomass now provides the largest contribution to the total electricity consumption. In this respect, the Energiewende can be regarded as an overall success. But in parallel to this scenario, a critical discourse has evolved concerning the socio-political, economical, and legal issues. The congruence of objectives and measures - for example in regards to ensuring security of supply, the expansion of electricity networks, the development of the electricity price and the environmental consequences - in the course of the expansion of electricity generation from renewable sources is the main focus of the socio-political and economic discussion. From a legal perspective, the accelerated phase-out of nuclear energy and the constitutional disputes, regarding the legality of the national orientation of the promotional scheme for green electricity in respect to the integration of the German electricity sector in a European internal market for energy, are in the centre of the debate. Against this background, the present article examines the contribution of the German Energiewende to the resolution of the complex challenges of a developed industrial society.
The meteorite fall at Glanerbrug, at 18:32:38 UT on April 7, 1990, is described on the basis of 200 eye witness accounts of the associated meteor. Due to a favourable distribution of observing locations, the atmospheric trajectory can be reconstructed from several different approaches to the data. The orbit found has a relatively high inclination of 23 ± 5 degrees, adding weight to the high inclination tail of the population distribution of meteorite dropping events. The pre-entry mass of Glanerbrug was of the order of 100 kg, of which some 5-10 kg arrived at the Earth’s surface. One fragment of approximately 1.2 kg fell through the roof of a house, resulting in a catastrophic fragmentation with a logN/logM = 1.15±0.12 size distribution. 855 grams of fragments could be recovered on the floor of the attic. The largest piece weighs 135 gram, from which an impact velocity of 80 ± 30 m/s is estimated.
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist liraglutide is an incretin hormone mimetic used in the treatment of diabetes. However, the effects of liraglutide on pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary endothelin (ET) system are unknown. Eight-week-old C57BL6/J mice were injected liraglutide or vehicle for 5 weeks. One week after injection, the mice were exposed to either room air (normoxia) or chronic hypoxia (10 % O2) for 4 weeks. The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was significantly higher in hypoxia + vehicle group than in normoxia + vehicle group. ET-1 mRNA expression in the lungs was comparable among all the groups. ETB mRNA and protein expression in the lungs was significantly lower in hypoxia + vehicle group than in normoxia + vehicle group. The above changes were normalized by liraglutide treatment. The expression of phospho-eNOS and phospho-AMPK proteins in the lungs was significantly higher in hypoxia + liraglutide group than in normoxia + vehicle group. We demonstrated for the first time that liraglutide effectively improved RVSP and RV hypertrophy in hypoxia-induced PH mice by activating eNOS through normalization of impaired ETB pathway and augmentation of AMPK pathway. Therefore, GLP-1R agonists can be promising therapeutic agents for PH., J. Honda, T. Kimura, S. Sakai, H. Maruyama, K. Tajiri, N. Murakoshi, S. Homma, T. Miyauchi, K. Aonuma., and Seznam literatury
Pain increased the number of free radicals in the body.
Previously, we studied changes mainly in oxygen and nitroxide
free radicals and described these changes relative to the lipids
and saccharides. In this article we focus on changes relative to
proteins. Assessment of AGE products (advanced glycation
end-products) was carried out by measuring fluorescence.
Patients were divided into two groups: 15 patients with acute
pain and 17 patients with chronic pain. Acute pain was
associated with a variety of surgical procedures and patients
were examined before and after surgical procedures. The group
of patients with chronic pain suffered from various types of
chronic pain, but mainly back pain. In patients with acute pain,
total protein (TP) decreased after surgery, as did the level of AGE
and the AGE/TP ratio. Nonetheless, post-operative pain
increased. In patients with chronic pain, neither total protein,
AGE, or AGE/TP changed, despite significant pain relief being
reported after treatment. Changes in proteins, as biochemical
markers, before and after pain treatment did not show any
significant changes. In patients with acute pain, the recorded
changes only lasted for 3-5 days after the operation. While in
chronic pain, there were no significant changes at all. The
assumption that changes in proteins, as biomarkers, would have
the same importance as changes in lipids and saccharides was
not proven.
The aim of this prospective study was the validation of the risk stratification of thyroid nodules using ultrasonography with the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) and partly in comparison to American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines in a secondary referral center. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) (n=605) and histological examinations (n=63) were the reference standards for the statistical analysis. ACR TI-RADS cut-off value: TR4 with sensitivity 85.7 %, specificity 54.1 %, PPV 58.5 %, accuracy 67.7 % (AUC 0.738; p<0.001). ATA cut-off value: “high suspicion” with sensitivity 80 %, specificity 83.3 %, PPV 80 %, accuracy 81.8 % (AUC 0.800; p=0.0025). 18.4 % nodules (3 malignant) could not be assigned to a proper ATA US pattern group (p<0.0001). Both ACR TI-RADS and ATA have allowed fair selection of nodules requiring FNA with superiority of ACR TI-RADS according to classification of all thyroid nodules to the proper group. According to ACR TI-RADS almost one third of the patients were incorrectly classified with 17.9 % missed thyroid carcinomas, exclusively micropapillary carcinomas, even though, the amount of FNA would be reduced to 48 %., Tereza Grimmichová, Petra Pačesová, Libuše Srbová, Jana Vrbíková, Terezia Havrdová, Martin Hill., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Endemic Sicilian pond turtles Emys trinacris Fritz, Fattizzo, Guicking, Tripepi, Pennisi, Lenk, Joger et Wink were examined for the presence of haemogregarine parasites. The presence of haemogregarines, occurring mainly in the microgametocyte stage (13.2 ± 0.12 μm in length and 6.4 ± 0.52 μm in width), was observed in approximately 9% of the sampled E. trinacris. Based on the observed morphology and on the sequencing of nuclear 18S rDNA, we identified the parasite as Haemogregarina stepanowi Danilewsky, 1885. Morphometric study of uninfected and infected red blood cells has shown that H. stepanowi induces different changes in erythrocyte shape depending on the infective stage. The differential count of leukocytes in specimens infected with H. stepanowi showed no significant difference compared with healthy specimens. However, considering the health problems which might be induced by H. stepanowi in the closely related European pond turtle Emys orbicularis (Linneaus), monitoring of the health status of the infected Sicilian populations of E. trinacris is desirable. The restricted distribution of populations of Emys infected with haemogregarines in Sicily is quite puzzling and the possible human-mediated introduction of the parasite in Sicily is briefly discussed., Vincenzo Arizza, Francesco Sacco, Debora Russo, Rita Scardino, Marco Arculeo, Melita Vamberger, Federico Marrone., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Daśaharā in Bastar/Jagdalpur has nothing to do with the Rāmāya‚a or the Devīmāhātmya, as elsewhere in India. Here, Danteśvarī, the tutelary goddess of the erstwhile royal family, is at the centre of the festival. Invited by the royal family, goddess Danteśvarī arrives from Dantewā`ā, the former capital of Bastar; many village goddesses of the tribal environment also attend. Smaller or larger silver umbrellas are used to represent the goddesses. Some wooden frames (ā‚gās) are used to represent male gods. The climax of the festival is reached, when Danteśvarī, the guest of honor, arrives together with Māvlī, the tutelary goddess of the earlier dynasty, who is represented by a type of palanquin (`oli). One of the most outstanding features of the festival is the procession of two big wooden chariots, constructed by different groups of divāsis and pulled around a certain quarter of the city by other groups, according to a fixed tradition. In the past, the festival served as the annual means of re-endorsing royal power. Since 1999 the grand-nephew of the last Mahārāja of Bastar has again taken over most of the ritual functions.