Assaultive acts committed by people with a mental illness is a major public health issue that affects patients with their families, law enforcement authorities, and the public at large. Failure to provide treatment is in fact a major predictor of assaultive acts in patients with schizophrenia living in the community. Considering that the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia have similar sociocultural characteristics, these factors may be reflected in individuals with schizophrenia who have committed serious assaultive acts in Uzbekistan. Objectives: The aim of the work was to identify the sociocultural and clinical characteristics of schizophrenic representatives of indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia who have committed violent crimes in Uzbekistan and have been found insane in regard to their offence, and to compare these subjects to ones belonging to the other ethnic groups. Material and methods: The data were collected in 2010–2013 in the Tashkent High Security Psychiatric Hospital via face-to-face interviews and also from the patients’ charts and from forensic psychiatric examination statements. Results: The sample consisted of 201 individuals. The sample was 90.1 percent (n = 181) male, with a predominance of the paranoid schizophrenia subtype according to the ICD-10 criteria. Of the subjects, 174 ones (86.6%) were representatives of the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia, and 27 ones (13.4%) were representatives of other ethnic groups. The duration of illness among the subjects belonging to the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia was less than in the other group; the individuals were rarely referred to psychiatric care because of the popularity of alternative medicine and the stigma attached to mental illness. A positive correlation between violence and various psychotic symptoms, such as delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorder, has also been demonstrated in this group. European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ISSN 1804-5804 Conclusions: Sociocultural characteristics, such as delayed referral for psychiatric care because of the popularity of alternative medicine and the stigma attached to mental illness among the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia, frequently factor into committing serious acts of assault because of developing psychotic symptoms at the early stages of disease despite their sufficient socioenvironmental adaptation., Saida Yеshimbetova, Bulat Chembaev, and Literatura
Cíl: Cílem práce bylo zjistit a následně porovnat kvalitu života žen s přirozeným otěhotněním s kvalitou života žen po umělém oplodnění. Kvalita života byla u těchto dvou skupin žen hodnocena během těhotenství dvakrát, a to ve 20. – 28. týdnu těhotenství a před termínem porodu. Metodika: Ke sběru empirických dat byl použit standardizovaný dotazník Světové zdravotnické organizace WHOQOL – BREF. Výzkumný vzorek tvořilo 160 těhotných žen, z nichž bylo 80 žen po spontánním otěhotnění a 80 žen po umělém oplodnění. Výzkum byl realizován ve Fakultní nemocnici v Ostravě, Gyncentru v Ostravě a Gyncentru v Opavě. Výsledky: Těhotné ženy po spontánním i po umělém oplodnění hodnotily kvalitu života v těhotenství jako dobrou při prvním (20. – 28. týden těhotenství) i při druhém hodnocení (před termínem porodu). Spokojenost se zdravím hodnotily oba soubory žen při prvním i druhém hodnocení v průměru jako dobrou. Největší rozdíl v hodnocení byl v první doméně posuzující fyzické zdraví. Ve 20. – 28. týdnu těhotenství hodnotily ženy po spontánním otěhotnění své fyzické zdraví lépe než před termínem porodu (p < 0,001). Naproti tomu u žen po umělém oplodnění nedošlo k tak významnému rozdílu mezi prvním a druhým hodnocením. Při hodnocení dalších tří domén těhotnými ženami ať už po spontánním nebo umělém oplodnění nedošlo k výrazným rozdílům v hodnocení. Závěr: Kvalita života přímo nezávisí na způsobu otěhotnění, ale je velmi individuální, stejně tak i výskyt nepříjemných pocitů provázejících těhotenství., Objective: The aim of the work was to find out and consequently compare the quality of life of women who got pregnant naturally with those who underwent artificial insemination. Quality of life was evaluated twice during the pregnancy, between the 20th and 28th week and just before actual childbirth. Methods: A standardized questionnaire WHOQOL – BREF was used for empirical data collection. The sample was made up of 160 pregnant women divided into two groups: 80 women who had got pregnant naturally and 80 women who underwent artificial insemination. The research was realized at the Faculty hospital Ostrava, Gyncentre Ostrava and Gyncentre Opava. Results: Both groups confirmed quality of life as good during the first and the second evaluation and satisfaction with one's health was on average good as well. The biggest difference was related to physical health. Between the 20th and 28th week of pregnancy women who got pregnant naturally determined their physical health as better than before actual childbirth (p < 0,001). However, not so for women who were artificially inseminated, where differences were not so significant. In the other areas of the study no significant differences were found between either groups. Conclusion: Quality of life does not directly depend on the means of getting pregnant but is very much individual, as well as the occurrence of any unpleasant feelings during the pregnancy., Bohdana Dušová, Markéta Tulisová, and Literatura