Článek prezentuje archeobotanické nálezy kultury pražského typu z území mezi řekami Dněprem a Dněstrem na Ukrajině. Nálezy ze čtyř lokalit (Velikaja Bugajevka, Kodyn I, Kodyn II, Luka Kavetčinskaja) byly analyzovány autorem, materiál z dalších dvou nalezišť (Raškov III and Tětěrevka I) zpracovala G. A. Paškevič. Statisticky hodnotitelné jsou nálezy jen ze čtyř lokalit; údaje z Bugajevky jen zajímavým způsobem dokreslují rituální praktiky v zacházení s obilovinami. Ze statistických šetření byly rovněž vynechány podsýpky prosa na dnech nádob, protože při tomto použití zřejmě šlo o záměrný výběr plodiny, nikoliv náhodný výskyt. Význam jednotlivých druhů obilovin je posuzován podle přepočtu na relativní hmotnost obilek. Z tohoto hlediska byl nejvýznamnější obilovinou ječmen, následovaný žitem a nahými pšenicemi; méně je zastoupena přenice dvouzrnka. Podíl prosa v hmotnostním indexu je stabilně desetina až šestina, velmi malá jsou zpravidla též množství ovsa. Shluková analýza potvrdila velkou podobnost skladby plodin mezi lokalitami. Zastoupení plevelů dokládá výsev jaří i ozimů. and Archaeobotanical data relating to the Prague-type culture from territories ranging from the Dnieper valley to that of the Dniester are introduced. Four sites were investigated by the author (Velikaya Bugayevka, Kodyn I, Kodyn II, Luka-Kavetchinskaya); materials from the sites Rashkov III and Teterevka I analysed by G. A. Pashkevich were also used for the investigation. Materials from Velikaya Bugayevka are only of interest for evaluation of the world-view of medieval Slavs and they are not used for statistical analysis. For the latter materials have been used from four sites. The bases of vessels with imprints of millet are also not used for statistical analysis, because grains of millet did not find their way into pottery vessels by chance. Analysis of grain production is carried out after recalculation of data relating to indices of mass: in first place is barley; then there follow rye and naked wheat varieties; the least stable indices are those for emmer wheat; the index for millet is between 1/10 and 1/6; the indices for oats are stable at a low level. Cluster analysis showed that there is a fairly high level of similarity with between the sites (ca. 90 %). The presence of weeds can testify to the use of old-arable fields and the presence of plants with different cycles would point to the use of both spring and winter sewing.
Archaeological sources provide a wide range of information to help understand the social structure of human society in the past. In this paper, the authors deal with the information potential of grave pit modifi cations and wooden structures in graves at burial sites in the central region of Great Moravia (southeast Moravia, southwest Slovakia). The goal at this point is to defi ne the basic hypotheses and describe the methodological basis along with the research methodology. The authors treat the sources holistically, which means that one of the methodological foundations is the claim that the properties of the whole are not a simple sum of its parts. This means that all recognized elements of the funeral rite and their mutual relations and functions are the center of attention of this research. The primary basis for the research is the assumption that the presence of various wooden structures or wooden burial receptacles in the graves of the Great Moravian period is a common cultural occurrence. It further tests the hypothesis that there was intent behind choosing of these different wooden structures and grave pit modifi cations and their usage, as well as a potential differentiation based on age or gender in the frequency, quality and selection of these modifi cations/arrangements and structures. The main methodological tools are statistical and GIS analysis and the results are compared with published fi ndings from the wider Central European region., Marian Mazuch, Marek Hladík., and Obsahuje seznam literatury