The study aims at presenting the development of research on the upper level of bourgeois society in Czech historiography. It focuses on the comparison of crucial terms used in these discussions, such as patriciate, notables and elites., Josef Kadeřábek., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The long-term mortality conditions in Slovakia significantly lagged for demographically most advanced European countries. Mortality is one of the two main demographic processes which in the context of demographic transition undergone significant changes. The interbellum period constitutted for the population development and reproductive behaviour in Slovakia one of the most important developmental period. it is the period in which continued and deepened considerably significant quantitative and qualitative changes in the process of mortality. The aim of this paper is to analyze intensity and character of mortality in Slovakia in interwar period and to describe their changes and development. Special attention is paid to the level and character of infant mortality, differential analysis by age, sex, nationality, religion and causes of death., Branislav Šprocha, Pavol Tišliar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Solar activity has important effect on terrestrial environment in which human population lives. Long-term and short-term periodicities in solar activity had influence on secular climate changes, little ice ages and climatic optima. The article summarizes briefly the results and methods of historical climatology. The text resumes the methods of research of the solar activity variation over the last 1500 years, through physical methods as well as through preserved written sources. The basic mechanisms of the effects of solar activity on terrestrial environment and human population are explained as well as the predictions of the upcoming solar activity. This may indicate that we are currently at the beginning of another long-term solar minimum., Kateřina Podolská., and Obsahuje bibliografii