Der vorliegende Beitrag behandelt die Verwendung einer im Rahmen der Horákov-Kultur ungewöhnlichen Bautechnik bei einem Grab in Morašice, Kr. Znojmo. Der große Blockbau war von der Außenseite mit Steinen verkleidet. In der Südostecke ist ein Steinpflaster erhalten, das als Rest vom Zugangsweg, dem Dromos interpretiert wird. Die Bautechnik und Herrichtung des Grabes ist im Raum Mährens einzigartig, Analogien liegen jedoch in den reichsten Fürstengräbern des Osthallstattkreises in Nord- und Südpannonien, der Steiermark, Kärnten, Nordslowenien und Slawonien vor. In Morašice ist in unmittelbarer Nähe der Grabkammer auch ein Scheiterhaufen gefunden worden. Eine entsprechende Bestattungsweise war bisher in der Horákov-Kultur unbekannt, ist jedoch für die erwähnten Gebiete mit ihrer Holz-Stein-Architektur typisch. Es handelt sich um das erste bekannte Hügelgrab dieser Bauweise nördlich der Donau, interessanter Weise finden sich derartige Gräber auch in der Kalenderberger Kultur in Niederösterreich, in der Südwestslowakei und im nördlichen Burgenland nicht. Unter den reichsten Fürstengräbern der Horákov-Kultur ist das Grab in Morašice bautechnisch am aufwendigsten. Gräber mit Dromos wurden in den erwähnten Gebieten lediglich in der Zeit um 600 v. Chr. erbaut. and A Dromos in Moravia. This article considers the use of an unusual structural technique in outfitting a grave at Morašice (Znojmo district) within the framework of the Horákov culture. A large timber chamber was lined on its outer face with dry stone walling. In the south-eastern corner stone paving survived that represents the remains of an entrance passage or dromos. As a building technique this is entirely unique in South Moravia; analogous, similarly outfitted graves are known from the richest ‘princely’ tumuli of the Eastern Hallstatt cultural sphere in northern and southern Pannonia, Styria, Carinthia, northern Slovenia and Slavonia. At Morašice a hearth was also identified in the immediate vicinity of the burial chamber. A similar means of burial has hitherto not been published in relation to the Horákov culture, even though it is typical of the aforementioned regions, and regular for graves with wood and stone architecture. This is the first similarly-outfitted barrow north of the Danube; it is interesting that no such occurrence has been recorded in the neighbouring Kalenderberg culture of Lower Austria, south-west Slovakia and northern Burgenland. Among the richest princely burials of the Horákov culture, this is the most luxurious in terms of its structural composition; such graves were created in the given region only around 600 BC.
Development-led excavation in Rousínov in 2017 uncovered a La Tène cemetery in which 30 graves were excavated. Out of these, two exceptional graves, a rich female inhumation and a warrior’s cremation grave, are discussed in detail in this paper. In addition to typological determination of artefacts, the paper includes the results of a survey and conservation work on metal artefacts and anthropological analysis. The inhumation burial of a gracile woman at the age of about 30 years (H823) contained, among other things, a complete bimetallic chain-belt; its furnishing can be dated to LT B2/C1. The warrior’s cremation contained, among other things, an undeformed sword in its scabbard and a spear-head with an exceptionally decorated socket; the grave goods date to LT C1.
South Moravian Croats represent the northernmost location of the infamous colonisation that took place in the 16th century on the territory of the former Habsburg monarchy as a result of the lost Battle of Mohács (1526). Throughout the 19th century the Moravian Croat community was downsized to two enclaves: one with three villages in German encirclement, one with three villages in the Břeclav region within the Bohemian settlement. During the 19th century the Moravian Croats merged with the residential population of Slavonic nations. Therefore, at the end of the 19th century the only places with the Moravian Croats are around the town of Mikulov, in villages Nový Přerov, Dobré Pole and Frélichov (today’s Jevišovka).
Their traditional culture has always been manifested especially by their folk costume. Collections of clothes owned by the Institute of Ethnography of the Moravian Museum in Brno document individual stages of development (especially that of women’s clothes), represented by a sufficient number of items. Of particular importance are also old photographs (e.g. by J. Klvaňa, Fr. Pospíšil, A. Blažek). In 2002, the existing collection was enlarged to include a collection of 101 photographs depicting the life of south Moravian Croats from the village of Frélichov. These photographs were taken by Othmar Ruzicka (1877-1962), an artist from Vienna. He used these photos as models for paintings. He took these photos during his first visits to the villages at the beginning of the 20th century. They are valuable evidence of the traditional clothing worn by Moravian Croats during the period of time when it was still normal to wear it on a daily basis and they are an important source of information on its individual parts, design, material and embroideries.
In the effort to revise the present state of preservation and knowledge of archaeological components on the site Drnholec “Holenická pole” in South Moravia, the various non-destructive (aerial and geophysical prospections) or lesser invasive (metal detector prospection) methods have been applied. The aim was to identify areas of activity, their functional and chronological interpretation and to determine the basic spatial relationships of the main components. By combining the results of individual methods, areas of activity from the La Tène and Roman times were identified with a relatively high degree of certainty. An entirely new discovery is the supposed presence of a Roman temporary camp in this intensely populated position. Part of its fortification was identified by geophysical survey, and also in the set of metal-detector finds chronologically related significant objects can be identified.