A new species of Oswaldocruzia Travassos, 1917, a parasite of Bufo marinus L. from Venezuela, is described. Like most Neotropical Oswaldocruzia, Oswaldocruzia venezuelensis sp. n. is characterized by spicules with three principal branches: blade, shoe and fork, and by a division of the fork within the distal third of the spicule length. O. vuucheri Ben Slimane et Durette-Desset, 1993 is the most closely related species due to its caudal bursa of type II and its cervical alae of the same shape but it differs in the following characters: the position of the papillae of rays 4 situated nearer the papillae of rays 3 rather than rays 5, a higher percentage of the ridges in the oesophageal region, the cervical alae three times longer and sharp and the spicular fork divided less deeply.
Proteocephalus macrophallus (Diesing, 1850), considered by several authors as species inquireruia, was recently found in Cichla ocellaris in Venezuela. This material is compared with voucher specimens from the same host (C. ocellaris) from Brazil, identified and redescribed as P. macrophallus by Woodland (1933). The specific status of P. macrophallus is confirmed. This species is characterized by: 1 ) the shape of the body, which is wide and short, 2) the absence of a neck, 3) the distribution of the vitelline follicles, which converge posteriorly to the ovarian lobes, and 4) the structure of the uterus, which is evacuated in the last proglottides and transformed to thick-walled diverticles apparently separated each from other. A neotype is designated.