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12. new loach species of the genus Cobitis in Croatia
- Creator:
- Mustafić, Perica, Marčić, Zoran, Duplić, Aljoša, Mrakovčić, Milorad, Ćaleta, Marko, Zanella, Davor, Buj, Ivana, Podnar, Martina, and Dolenec, Zdravko
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Cobitis jadovaensis, new species, Jadova River, and description
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A new spined loach species Cobitis jadovaensis is described from the Jadova River in Croatia. This species differs from its congeners in the Croatian Adriatic basin with a unique set of characters: a very short dorsal fin base; short anal fin base; narrow head; a single lamina circularis; a single small prominent dark inclined spot on the upper part of the caudal base; all four Gambetta zones well developed and reaching beyond the dorsal base; zones Z1 and Z3 with many irregular spots; zone Z1 narrower than Z2; zone Z2 as wide as Z3; zone Z2 with spots larger than a pupil size fuses with Z3 on caudal peduncle; zone Z4 wider than Z2 and Z3, with 11 – 14 roundish to oval blotches.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
13. New species of Guidus Ivanov, 2006 (Cestoda: Phyllobothriidea) from Bathyraja magellanica (Philippi) from the Patagonian Continental Shelf of Argentina
- Creator:
- Menoret, Adriana and Ivanov, Verónica A.
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Guidus francoi sp. n., Guidus magellanicus sp. n., morphology, description, SEM, Magellan skate, Arhynchobatidae, Argentinian Continental Shelf, and Southwestern Atlantic Ocean
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Specimens representing two new species of Guidus Ivanov, 2006 were collected from the Magellan skate (Bathyraja magellanica [Philippi]) in the Patagonian Continental Shelf of Argentina, Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Guidus francoi sp. n. and Guidus magellanicus sp. n. differ from their congeners by a particular combination of features, including type of bothridia, worm length, number of testes, and distribution of vitelline follicles. Guidus francoi sp. n. is distinguished from G. magellanicus sp. n. by having fewer proglottids, fewer testes and a higher ratio between the cirrus sac length and the proglottid width. The microthrix pattern of species of Guidus from the Southwestern Atlantic is described, based on specimens of G. francoi sp. n., Guidus magellanicus sp. n., and newly collected specimens of Guidus argentinense Ivanov, 2006. These three species share the presence of wide aristate gladiate spinitriches on the proximal bothridial surface, narrow gladiate spinitriches on the bothridial rim, and filitriches on the distal bothridial surface. The diagnosis of Guidus is revised to include several features exhibited by the new species (i.e., presence of bothridial indentations and bothridial stalks, distribution of vitelline follicles, and eggs grouped in cocoons). The discovery of G. francoi sp. n. and G. magellanicus sp. n. from B. magellanica increases the number of species of Guidus collected from batoids in the Southwestern Atlantic from one to three. The specificity exhibited by the species herein described reinforces the tight association between rays in the genera Guidus and Bathyraja.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14. Older-instar larvae of Pseudopsinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): morphological description of three genera and phylogenetic placement of the subfamily
- Creator:
- Grebennikov, Vasily V.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pseudopsinae, Pseudopsis, Nanobius, Zalobius, larva, immature stages, description, morphology, and phylogeny
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Larvae of three genera representing the staphylinid subfamily Pseudopsinae are described for the first time and illustrated with 33 morphological drawings: Pseudopsis Newman, Zalobius LeConte and Nanobius Herman. Thirty-six characters (mainly of larval morphology) were scored for representatives of six staphylinid subfamilies and a phylogenetic analysis was carried out. The monophyly of the subfamily Pseudopsinae is supported by the presence of a short oblique ridge on ventral side of larval head capsule laterad of maxillary foramina. The monophyly of each of the subfamilies Paederinae and Staphylininae is discussed based on the characters of the immature stages. The subfamily Pseudopsinae is confirmed to be a sister-group of the subfamilies Paederinae + Staphylininae on the basis of six larval synapomorphies. The latter clade is confirmed to be monophyletic on the basis of five larval synapomorphies. A larval identification key to the studied Pseudopsinae genera is provided.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
15. Perspektivy korpusové lingvistiky: deskripce, nebo explanace?
- Creator:
- Štícha, František
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- description, explanation, corpus linguistics, empirical evidence, deskripce, explanace, korpusová lingvistika, and empirická evidence
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This article engages in polemic with two papers on the status and prospects of corpus linguistics that were recently published by two Czech linguists in the journal Naše řeč (Our Language). These linguists claim that corpus linguistics relies too heavily on description, in general, and doesn’t provide sufficiently rigorous explanations. In contrast, the present author argues that working with large corpora (billions of tokens) does not necessarily lead to mere descriptions of language phenomena. Rather, descriptions based on large corpora facilitate rigorous explanations of grammatical phenomena. In addition, the author argues that until data-based descriptions became an integral part of work in the natural sciences, philosophically based explanations did not fully succeed at enabling us to understand the physical world. Language is a part of the natural world, and satisfactory grammatical explanations of natural languages require much more empirical evidence than could be obtained in the past without electronic corpora. Several examples of empirical evidence and their critical relevance to linguistic analysis are cited.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16. Phylogeny of Cantacaderinae (Heteroptera: Tingidae) revisited after the description of a new genus and new species from New Caledonia
- Creator:
- Guilbert, Eric
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Heteroptera, Tingidae, Cantacaderinae, description, New Caledonia, new genus, new species, phylogeny, systematics, taxonomy, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A new genus and new species of Cantacaderinae (Heteroptera: Tingidae) is described, Caledoderus monteithi. A key to genera is provided. The phylogenetic relationships among the Cantacaderinae, including this new genus and species, are revisited. The results are congruent with previous studies. However, the Ceratocaderini is a sister group of Carldrakeaninae and not Cantacaderini, even if only weakly supported by the analysis. Therefore, the status of Ceratocaderini and Cantacaderini is maintained, whereas Carldrakeanini stat. nov. is reduced to tribal level and they are all included in the Cantacaderinae., Eric Guilbert., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
17. The larva of Chiron senegalensis and comments on its relationships with other Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera: Chironidae)
- Creator:
- Huchet, Jean-Bernard and Lumaret, Jean-Pierre
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Chironidae, Chiron senegalensis, larva, and description
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- After a brief presentation of some historical, taxonomical and biological data on the Chironidae, the third instar larva of Chiron senegalensis Hope & Westwood, 1845 is described and illustrated on the basis of larval characteristics. The systematic position of the genus Chiron Mac Leay, 1819 within the Scarabaeoidea complex is discussed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
18. The Lophopidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha): Description of three new genera and key to the genera of the family
- Creator:
- Soulier-Perkins, Adeline
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Lophopidae, Maana, Podoschtroumpfa, Pseudotyxis, description, key, and taxonomy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Three new genera containing five new species of Lophopidae are described: Maana colorata, Maana erythina, Maana oriomoensis, Podoschtroumpfa magna and Pseudotyxis malimoenensis. A new key to the genera of Lophopidae is also provided, followed by a cheklist of the distribution of the genera and their host plants.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
19. Vácha M., Eutanázie: definice, historie, legislativa, etika
- Creator:
- Černý, David
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- euthanasia, description, history, legislation, ethics, eutanazie, definice, historie, legislativa, and etika
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The aim of this review is to summarize main aspects of the book Eutanázie: definice, historie, legislativa, etika. and Tento příspěvek je recenzí publikace Eutanázie: definice, historie, legislativa, etika, která vyšla v roce 2019.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public