The first part of the paper examines the historico-philosophical roots and re-evaluations of the traditional link between the notion of individual substance and the subject-position in the structure of judgement, focusing on Aristotle, Kant and Hegel. The second part is devoted to Peter Strawson’s revival of the Aristotelian account and his attempt to derive a (hierarchically ordered) system of logico-grammatical asymmetries between the subject- and predicate-terms from the basic categorial opposition between particulars and general concepts. While Aristotle typically combines the categorial account of the subject-predicate distinction with the aboutness principle, Strawson emphasizes that both criteria can give incompatible results and opts for the former as philosophically more fundamental. In polemics with Strawson, the author defends the aboutness criterion (the ''legein ti kata tinos'' principle) and attempts to show that it meets the basic requirements which philosophy of language and mind should impose on the analysis of the subjectpredicate distinction. and Petr Koťátko
In the present paper two pairs of terms and notions are discussed as for their benefit to syntactic studies. The notions of coordination and subordination with their counterparts the parataxis and hypotaxis are studied in relation to the domain of the linguistic meaning and to the domain of language form, respectively. The asymmetry between them is studied on selected data of Czech. Czech constructions classified in Czech syntactic handbooks as hypotactical forms of coordination are analyzed. In the syntactic structure of Otec s matkou odjeli do lázní [Father with mother went to the spa] the possible plural agreement of the predicate demonstrates a hypotactical patterning of the coordination between father and mother. The “false” subordinated clauses are presented as the other example of the hypotactic coordination. On the other side, the nominal constructions introduced by the expressions místo [instead of], and the ambiguous expression kromě [beside/with exception] are excluded from the domain of asymmetry and the proposal to classify them as specific types of adverbials (a substitution, an addition, and an exception) is formulated.