"Biologization of Thinking" - Disocurse in German and Swiss Teacher Journals on Social technology, Eugenics, and Genetics in the First Half of the 20th Century.
The binding of [3H]SCH 23390 has been studied in various brain regions of male mice with the experience of repeated victory (winners) or defeat (losers) gained over 10 (T10) and 20 (T20) days of daily agonistic confrontations. In the frontal cortex, Bmax of [3H]SCH 23390 binding sites was found to be increased in T10 losers and decreased in T20 losers when compared to the control mice. In the striatum, T10 and T20 winners had reduced values of [3H]SCH 23390 binding sites than the ones in the control mice. The Kd was increased in the frontal cortex of T10 losers and T10 winners as well as in the amygdala of T20 losers. Reduced Kd values were found in the striatum of all experimental groups as well as in the amygdala of T20 winners. Thus, both specific changes relating to social behavior patterns and non-specific ones in [3H]SCH 23390 binding were found in the brain regions of mice after 10 and 20 days of intermale confrontations., D. F. Avgustinovich, O. V. Alekseyenko., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) T-786C and G894T in the gene encoding eNOS with blood pressu re variability (BPV) in man. Blood pressure was recorded beat-t o-beat at rest three times in periods of one week (5 min, Finapres, breathing at 0.33 Hz) in 152 subjects (19-24 years). Systolic (SBPV0.1r/SBPV 0.1a) and diastolic (DBPV0.1r/DBPV 0.1a) blood pressure variabilities in relative (r.u.) and absolute (mmHg2/Hz) units were determined by the spectral method as spectral po wer at the frequency of 0.1 Hz. Genotypes of both polymorphisms were detected using polymerase chain reaction and re striction analysis using enzymes Msp I and Ban II. Significant diffe rences were observed in BPV among genotypes of T-786C SNP (p<0.05; Kruskal-Wallis), and among haplotypes of both SNPs (p<0.05; Kruskal-Wallis) as well. In T-786C SNP, carriers of less frequent allele (CC homozygotes and TC heterozygotes) showed significantly greater SBPV0.1r and SBPV0.1a compared to TT homozygote s (Mann-Whitney; p<0.05). The G894T variant showed no sign ificant differences, but, both SNPs were in linkage disequilib rium (D’=0.37; p<0.01). Carriers of haplotype CT/CT (CC homozygotes of -786C/T and TT homozygotes of G894T) displaye d significantly greater SBPV0.1r, SBPV0.1a and DBPV0.1a compared to carriers of other haplotype combinations (Kruskal-Wallis; p=0.015, p=0.048, and p=0.026, respectively). In conclusion, the haplotype formed by less frequent alleles of both eNOS variants was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BPV in this study., M. Jíra ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
1a_It has been known for many years that baroreflex sensitivity is lowered in hypertensive patients. There are several known factors implicating this association, e.g. high blood pressure leads to remodeling of the carotid arterial wall, to its stiffness and to a diminished activation of baroreceptors; leptin released from a fatty tissue activates the sympathetic nervous system etc. On the other hand, low baroreflex sensitivity (BRS, usually quantified in ms/mmHg) can be inborn. Studies on primary hypertension in children and adolescents have brought new information about the role of baroreflex in the development of an early stage of primary hypertension. BRS lower than 3.9 ms/mmHg was found in 5 % of healthy subjects. This value approaches the critical value for the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients after myocardial infarction and corresponds to the value present in hypertensive patients. A decreased BRS and BRSf (baroreflex sensitivity expressed in mHz/mmHg, index independent of the mean cardiac interval), was found not only in children with hypertension, but also in those with white-coat hypertension. This is in accordance with a single interpretation. The decrease of BRS/BRSf precedes a pathological blood pressure increase., 2a_The contribution of obesity and BRS/BRSf to the development of hypertension in adolescents was also compared. Both factors reach a sensitivity and a specificity between 60 % and 65 %, but there is no correlation between the values of the body mass index and BRS either in the group of hypertensive patients or in healthy controls. If a receiver operating curve (sensitivity versus specificity) is plotted for both values together using logistic regression analysis, a sensitivity higher than 70 % and a specificity over 80 % are reached. This means that low baroreflex sensitivity is an independent risk factor for the development of primary hypertension. Studies demonstrate that adolescents with increased blood pressure and with BRS under 7 ms/mmHg should be given care and intensively motivated to change their lifestyle including a change in diet and increase in physical activity., and N. Honzíková, B. Fišer.
Proč se nekříží kočka se psem? Proč se sice může zkřížit kůň s oslem, ale jejich potomci - mulové či mezci - jsou neplodní? Z jakého důvodu jsou někdy strilní i kříženci dvou blízce příbuzných poddruhů, třeba myší, a souvisí to nějak se vznikem nových živočišných druhů? Jeden z nejdůležitějších článků tété záhady odhalil Jiří Forejt z Ústavu molekulární genetiky Akademie věd ČR, kterýá identifikoval první gen u savců zodpovědný za samčí neplodnost mezidruhových kříženců, přečetl ho a ukázal, jak je regulován. and Jana Olivová, Stanislava Kyselová.