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81. Revision of the genus Macroscytus (Heteroptera: Cydnidae) in Madagascar and adjacent islands, with description of four new species

Creator:
Lis, Jerzy A.
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
article, bibliography, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
zoologie, entomologie, hmyz, ploštice, Cydnidae, Macroscytus, taxonomická revize, nové druhy, popis, Madagaskar, and 595.2/.7
Language:
English
Description:
A revision of species of the genus Macroscytus Fieber distributed in Madagascar and adjacent islands is presented. Four previously known species [M. fryeri Distant, M. lobatus Signoret, M. madagascariensis (Signoret), M. privignus Horváth] are redescribed, and lectotypes are designated for three of them. Four new species (M. mayottensis sp. n., M. simulans sp. n., M. tamatavei sp. n., and M. viettei sp. n.) are described and compared with their congeners. A key to all species of the genus known from Madagascar and adjacent islands is also provided., Jerzy A. Lis, and Lit
Rights:
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82. Site latitude influences on respiration rate, fat content and the ability of worker ants to rear larvae: A comparison of Myrmica rubra (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) populations over their European range

Creator:
Elmes, Graham W., Radchenko, Alexander G., Barr, Boyd, Wardlaw, Judith C., Nielsen, Mogens G., Kipyatkov, Vladilen E., and Lopatina, Elena B.
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
article, bibliography, conference publication, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
zoologie, fyziologie živočichů, ekofyziologie, hmyz, mravenci, Myrmica rubra, dýchání, obsah tuku, péče o larvy, hranice rozšíření, vliv zeměpisné polohy, 591.5, 061.3, and 595.2/.7
Language:
English
Description:
Myrmica rubra is a northern, temperate Palaearctic ant species with a geographical range that extends from the Atlantic coast of Europe to central Asia. In Europe, its range covers > 25° of latitude where it lives under a variety of climates that vary from extreme oceanic in the west, to continental in the east. Colonies nest in the soil and their life cycles are known to be highly dependent on ambient temperature and soil moisture. We hypothesised that the brood-rearing behaviour of populations might be focally adapted to climate and that we might detect differences when the ants were reared under \"common-garden\" conditions. Brood-rearing behaviour was compared for 38 colonies of M. rubra drawn from 13 populations representing a range of 6 latitudes: all 6 were represented in eastern Europe and 2 in western Europe. A sample of ants from each colony was used to estimate respiration rate, body mass and fat content at the start of the experiment in spring (immediately post hibernation) and at the end of the experiment (mid summer). Respiration had a linear relationship with latitude, with northern populations having greater respiration rate in spring compared to southern populations. It is suggested that this is an adaptation to different seasonality over the species' range that results in the \"more active\" northern workers rearing fewer brood to maturity more quickly than southern workers. Fat content, a measure of worker \"quality\", had a parabolic relationship with latitude with mid latitude colonies having the fattest workers. Fatter workers appeared to rear heavier brood. This probably represented a functional response to environment with populations living at \"edge of range\" sites being physiologically more stressed and performing brood-rearing tasks less well than centre of range populations. We believe that this is the first demonstration of a consistent, intra-specific trend for Variation in the social physiology of an ant species over its geographic range., Graham W. Elmes, Judith C. Wardlaw, Mogens G. Nielsen, Vladilen E. Kipyatko, Elena B. Lopatina, Alexander G. Radchenko, Boyd Barr, and Lit
Rights:
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84. Sklípkánek hnědý - pavouk roku 2013

Creator:
Milan Řezáč
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, hmyz, sklípkanovití, insects, Mygalomorpha, 2, and 59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Pro rok 2013 se stal evropským pavoukem roku sklípkánek hnědý (Atypus affinis). Jde o jednoho ze tří druhů sklípkanů vyskytujících se v České republice. V článku popisuji morfologii, způsob života, stanovištní nároky a rozšíření sklípkánka hnědého. Je naším nejhojnějším zástupcem rodu, vyskytuje se na suchých osluněných kamenitých stráních s řídkou stromovou vegetací. Jeho stanoviště nejsou bezprostředně ohrožena sílícím zarůstáním krajiny., The Purse-Web Spider (Atypus affinis) became the European Spider of the Year 2013. The genus Atypus comprises three species in Europe. The morphology, natural history, habitat requirements and distribution of A. affinis are described. In Central Europe, it is the most common Atypus species and it occurs on dry sunny rocky slopes with sparse woody vegetation. These habitats do not tend to be overgrown by expansive tree or grass species., and Milan Řezáč.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

85. Species at the edge of their range: The significance of the thermal environment for the distribution of congeneric Craspedolepta species (Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea) living on Chamerion angustifolium (Onagraceae)

Creator:
Bird, Jeremy M. and Hodkinson, Ian D.
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
article, bibliography, conference publication, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Third European Workshop of Invertebrate Ecophysiology (1998 : Birmingham, Česko), zoologie, fyziologie živočichů, ekofyziologie, hmyz, Psylloidea, Craspedolepta nebulosa, Craspedolepta subpunctata, výskyt, rozšíření, životní cyklus, fenologie, ekologické faktory, teplota, sezónní vlivy, 591.5, 061.3, and 595.2/.7
Language:
English
Description:
There is much current discussion about the factors that control the distribution and abundance of animal species, particularly at the edges of their range. The significance of temperature for survival and development is compared in two closely related psyllid species (Craspedolepta nebulosa and C. subpunctata) living on the same host plant (Chamerion angustifolium) (Onagraceae) but displaying different distributions along latitudinal and altitudinal gradients. The following measurements were made at critical periods during the life cycle (a) winter supercooling points (SCPs), (b) tolerance of short (1 min) and long term (1-25) days exposure to sub-zero temperatures above the SCP, (c) tolerance of short term exposure to high spring/summer temperatures and (d) comparative field development rates among species and sites during the early critical part of the growing season. Successful completion of the life cycle is related to heat availability during the growing season. This appears to limit the distribution of the Craspedolepta species, rather than their survival response to thermal extremes. No significant differences were found between the two species in the supercooling point or in their long and short term survival responses at low or high temperatures., Jeremy M. Bird, Ian D. Hodkinson, and Lit
Rights:
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87. Stimulation of locomotion in Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) is wing-morph independent and correlated with lipid mobilization by adipokinetic hormone

Creator:
Socha, Radomír, Kodrík, Dalibor, and Zemek, Rostislav
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
article, bibliography, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
zoologie, entomologie, hmyz, ploštice, Pyrrhocoridae, Pyrrhocoris apterus, dospělé samičky, diapauza, tuky, mobilizace lipidů, pohyb lipidů, adipokinetické hormony, stimulační účinky, 595.2/.7, and 591.1
Language:
English
Description:
The effects of 5 pmols of adipokinetic hormone (Lom-AKH-I) on both the locomotion and mobilization of lipids were studied in 10-day-old diapausing adult females of the short-winged (brachypterous) morph of Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.). The results revealed that AKH stimulation of locomotion in this bug is wing-morph independent. The stimulatory effect of AKH on locomotion was shown to be positively correlated with its effect on lipid mobilization., Radomír Socha, Dalibor Kodrík, Rostislav Zemek, and Lit
Rights:
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88. Středomořská kobylka v Praze na Karlově náměstí

Creator:
Pavel Pecina
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Životní prostředí a jeho ochrana, životní prostředí, hmyz, kobylky, environment, insects, Tettigonioidea, 2, and 502
Language:
Czech
Description:
Článek vychází z pozorování výskytu kobylky malé (Phaneroptera nana) v centru Prahy. Představuje blíže tento druh, jeho rozšíření, prazskou mikropopulaci a poznatky z chovu v insektáriu., This article is based on observations of the Mediterranean Katydid (Phaneroptera nana) in the centre of Prague. It presents the species, its spread, its Prague micropopulation and information on insectarium breeding in some detail., and Pavel Pecina.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

89. Střevlík uherský - jeho biologie, početnost, ochrana a péče o lokality

Creator:
Lukáš Čížek, Pokluda, Pavel, Kubáň, Vítězslav, Hauck, David, and Elek, Zoltán
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, zoologie, hmyz, střevlíkovití, ekologie, zoology, insects, ground beetles, ecology, Morava jižní (Česko), Moravia, Southern (Czechia), 2, and 59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Střevlík uherský (Carabus hugaricus hungaricus) je druhem dlouhostébelných panonských stepí. Patří mezi zvláště chráněné brouky a je rovněž druhem evropsky významným. V České republice přežívá už pouze na Pouzdřanské stepi a na Pálavě. V článku shrnujeme výsledky výzkumů jeho stanovištních preferencí, demografie a mobility, diskutujeme možnosti jeho ochrany a zároveň se dotýkáme bolestivého tématu ochranářské péče o lokality tohoto druhu., The Carabus hungaricus ground beetle is a highly endangered, dry-grassland specialist listed in the EU Habitats Directive. In the Czech Republic, the beetle survives on the last two sites including the Pouzdřany steppe, and the Pálava hills. Here we report results of extensive mark-recapture studies of this species, including its habitat preference, demography, and dispersal abilities. Furthermore, we discuss the options for its conservation and conservation management of the two inhabited sites., Lukáš Čížek ... [et al.]., and Pokračování čl. na str. CXV kuléru Živy 5/2014
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

90. Structure elucidation of Mas-AKH as the major adipokinetic hormone in the butterfly Vanessa cardui (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Creator:
Gäde, Gerd, Hoffmann, Klaus H., Köllisch, Gabriele, Verhaert, Peter D., Lorenz, Matthias W., and Kellner, Roland
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
article, bibliography, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
zoologie, entomologie, hmyz, motýli, Nymphalidae, Vanessa cardui, corpora cardiaca, adipokinetické hormony, struktura, peptidické složení, hmotnostní spektrometrie, 595.2/.7, and 591.1
Language:
English
Description:
The presence of adipokinetic activity in crude extracts of corpora cardiaca (CC) from the butterfly (Vanessa cardui L., Nymphalidae) was demonstrated by bioassay and Mas-AKH was revealed as the major adipokinetic hormone (AKH) by use of two different technologies of sequence elucidation: HPLC separation of the peptide followed by Edman degradation and Q-TOF mass spectrometry. In contrast to the time- and material-consuming conventional methods of peptide purification and sequencing, substantial structural data of the peptide were confirmed - post factum - from one pCC (pair of CC) by Q-TOF mass spectrometry. Only males of our laboratory colony showed a significant lipid increase in the haemolymph after injection of either crude CC extract (1 pCC equivalent) or 10 pmol of synthetic peptide., Gabriele Köllisch, Peter D. Verhaert, Matthias W. Lorenz, Roland Kellner, Gerd Gäde, Klaus H. Hoffmann, and Lit
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public