Even those historians of Chinese thought, who are capable of both masterly analyses and great synthetic surveys of pre-modern Chinese philosophy, such an Anne Cheng, author of The history of Chinese thought, mostly remain in the grip of enduring stereotypes about Chinese language and Chinese letters. This is true despite the fact that old Chinese linguistics has progressed in the last 50 years at an unforeseen rate, and practically no experts on that language fail to take these advances seriously. At issue, above all, are the immensely popular analyses of characters, which authors treat as the path to uncovering the etymology of a given concept under research. Emancipation from written characters is, it would seem, a basic precondition for a better understanding of language, including the lexicon of philosophical concepts. This article aims to give a broad acccount of the inadequacy of character-etymology and, in contrast to this method, to describe which direction we should take if we wish to understand the conceptual apparatus of ancient Chinese thinkers., Lukáš Zádrapa., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
Tento článek z pozůstalosti profesora Ladislava Tondla poukazuje na to, že hodnoty představují neodmyslitelný kontext komunikace a rozhodování. Vychází z předpokladu, že každý komunikační akt se odehrává za jistých okolností a podmínek, ve spojení se zjištěnou problémovou situací a ve vztazích s určitými potřebami a cíli a směry naší činnosti. Součástí těchto podmínek je soubor vlivů a okolností, které lze charakterizovat jako hodnotová atmosféra. Tato atmosféra a s ní spojené faktory mohou modifikovat význam dané komunikace, a to nejen v sémantickém smyslu, ale také ve smyslu relevance, důležitosti a potřebnosti daného sdělení., This posthumously published article by professor Ladislav Tondl argues that values present a necessary context of communication and decision making. Every communication act takes place under particular circumstances and conditions, in relation with an identified problematic situation and the corresponding needs and intentions or goals. A part of these conditions is made up of influences and circumstances that can be described as value environment. This environment can modify meaning of communication not only semnatically, but also in terms of relevance, importance and necessity of the message., and Ladislav Tondl.