The target of research was the implementation of the comparative analysis of conservative therapy of preparation of basic therapy and also new methods of treatment (anticytokine therapy). Appointment of salofalk in twos tablets (0, 5) 34 times a day per os, and also 2,0 gr in the form of a rectal enema unitary for a period of seven days, then had transferd the patients to reception 2,0 gr salofalk per os, allowed to achieve substantial improvement patients cliniclaboratory and endoscopic symptoms with a heavy intensification of ulcer colitis variation, providing full cliniclabaratory remissions achievements of disease at 8 (34 %) patients. In the Minister of the Uzbek Public Health of the Republican Science Coloproctological Center at 10 patients with the IDI have spent the therapy remicade, 7 of them had NUC and 3 patients had the Crohn's disease. Therefore, all patients no longer than on the first week after introduction of remicade had improvement of a course disease which was expressed in defering stool, extinction or reduction of pathological impurity in excrement and subsidence bellyaches. During colonoscopical inspection, in 1218 weeks after the first infusion at 80% of the patients had observed disappearance of ulcers and erosion. In terms of 6 months of supervision of relapse of disease was not noted. All new directions in treatment of the IDI, apparently, are perspective, but while are proved only theoretically and had no practical development. Unique and enough effective and safe method at the IDI and already has clinical acknowledgement is remicade., Matkarimov S. R., Rustamov A. E., Rahmonov S. T., and Literatura
Colonic polyps and polyposis are studied in 183 patients. It has been found, that sensitivity of rectoscopy is 66.7%, irrigoscopy 61.1%, virtual colonoscopy computeraided tomography of colon (VCCATC) 79.1%. Endoscopic polypectomy was the main treatment method used in patents with colonic polyps and polyposis (18.6%). In cases of surgical treatment (57.9%) in patients with total involvement of colon colproctectomy with formation of ileal reservoir can be considered as the method of choice., Sapaev D. A., Navruzov S. N., Rakhmanov S. T., Kurbonov O. A., Mirzakhmedov M. M., and Literatura
In order to study cardiac pathology in different subtypes of ischemic stroke we examined 165 stroke patients. The 1st group included 90 (54.5%) patients with hemodynamic stroke, the 2nd one - 75 (45.5%) patients with cardioembolic stroke. Control group consisted of 45 individuals without cerebrovascular diseases. Cardiac pathologies with the prevalence of various types of ischemic heart disease were observed in all groups. The parameters of left ventricular stroke volume and ejection fraction were lower in patients with hemodynamic stroke than in other groups, but were within normal limits. Potential sources of cardiogenic embolism were found in all groups: in the 1st group at 74.4%, in the 2nd one at 100%. Thus, most patients with ischemic stroke have different heart defects related to the subtypes of ischemic stroke., Natalya Dadamyants, and Literatura
Cíl: Cílem výzkumu bylo popsat zkušenosti hospitalizovaných dětí (adolescentů), doprovodu hospitalizovaných dětí předškolního a mladšího školního věku a všeobecné sestry s etickými problémy při hospitalizaci dítěte na standardním dětském lůžkovém oddělení. Metodika: Byl proveden kvalitativní výzkum. Pro sběr dat byl použit nestandardizovaný rozhovor. Výzkumný soubor tvořilo osm informátorů, osoby doprovázející dítě při hospitalizaci (n = 5), hospitalizované děti v adolescentním věku (n = 2) a dětská sestra (n = 1). Na základě kvalitativní analýzy dat byly vytvořeny 4 kategorie (1. informovaný souhlas, 2. přítomnost blízkého člověka, 3. srozumitelné informace a 4. péče sester), které byly dále členěny do podkategorií. Výsledky: Mezi nejčastější etické problémy při hospitalizaci dítěte na standardním lůžkovém oddělení respondenti uvedli: problémy s informovaným souhlasem v neúplných rodinách, nedostatečnou informovanost o nemoci a zdraví dítěte, deficit v oblasti edukace, nedostatek komunikace se sestrou a nedostatečnou péči. Adolescenti považovali za etický problém při hospitalizaci pocit malého respektování vlastní autonomie u rozhodování o sobě sama, potřebu většího soukromí a respektu k pocitům studu. Závěr: Většině etických problémů lze předcházet zvládnutím efektivní komunikace a dostatečné informovanosti a to již před hospitalizací dítěte v ambulanci praktického lékaře pro děti a dorost, případně v odborné ambulanci., Objective: The aim of the research was to describe the experience of hospitalized children (adolescents), accompaniment of hospitalized children preschool and younger school age and general nurses with ethical problems during the hospitalization of children on the standard children's ward. Methods: Qualitative research was conducted. For data collection was used nonstandardized interview. The research group consisted of eight informants, persons accompanying the child during hospitalization (n = 5), hospitalized children in adolescence age (n = 2) and child nurse (n = 1). Based on qualitative data analysis were created four categories (1. informed consent, 2. the presence of a loved one, 3. understandable information 4. care of nurses ), which were further divided into subcategories. Results: The most common ethical problems in the child's hospitalization on the standard ward respondents were stated: problems with informed consent in single-parent families, lack of information about the child's disease and child's health, the deficit in the area of education, lack of communication with the nurse and lack of care. Adolescents considered as the ethical problem during hospitalization the feeling of little respect for autonomy in deciding of themselves, the need for greater privacy and respect for the feelings of shame. Conclusion: Majority of ethical problems can be prevented by mastering effective communication and sufficient awareness, and this can be achieved before the hospitalization of child in the ambulance of GP for children and adolescents, or in specialist clinic., Žaneta Beránková, and Literatura
Surgical treatment of inflammatory diseases of intestine remains actual problem, despite the progress of conservative therapy. In our research it was etablished, applying low and ultralow ileorectal anastomosis with circular stapling apparatus allows to reach reliability of the generated anastomoses, it is essential reduce operation time, reduce number of postoperative complications and reduce duration of patients stay in hospital., Navruzov B. S., Abdujabbarov S. B., Rahmonov S. T., and Literatura
Lokální chemoprofylaxe neinvazivních nádorů močového měchýře je používána více než 40 let. Využíváno je několik agens, mezi nejčastější patří mitomycin C (MMC) a epirubicin. Názor na léčebná schémata není jednotný. Avšak na podkladě EBM je zřejmé, že adjuvantní instilace cytotoxických látek do močového měchýře prodlužuje dobu beznádorového intervalu. V práci předkládáme dlouhodobé zkušenosti s intravezikální chemoprofylaxí povrchových nádorů močového měchýře., Local chemoprophylaxis of noninvasive bladder tumors has been used for more than 40 years. Several agents are used, with the most common including mitomycin C (MMC) and epirubicin. Opinions on therapeutic strategies vary. Based on EBM, on the contrary, it is evident that adjuvant administration of cytotoxic drugs into the bladder prolongs the tumor-free interval. The paper presents long-term experience with intravesical chemoprophylaxis of superficial bladder tumors., Michaela Matoušková, Miroslav Hanuš, and Literatura 7
Nádory ledvin se vyskytují v každém věku. Existují věkově specifické rozdíly nejen v histologickém typu nádoru, ale i epidemiologii, etiologii, patogenezi, biologických studiích a klinickém chování. Tyto věkově specifické rozdíly jsou rovněž patrné u stejného typu nádoru a ovlivňují prognózu a přežívání pacientů. Otázkou zůstává, jestli jsou současně platná doporučení léčebné strategie skutečně vhodná pro všechny věkové skupiny., Renal tumors occur accross the age. The age specific differences are described not only on histology type of tumor, but also on epidemiology, ethiology, pathogenesis, biology studies and clinical behavior. These age specific differences are noticed also in the same type of the tumor and have an effect on prognosis and survival of the patients. The remaining question is regarding current treatment guidelines – are these guidelines really suitable for all age groups or not., Viera Bajčiová, and Literatura 1
Nádory choroidálního plexu byly poprvé popsány v roce 1833. Jsou vzácné a reprezentují pouze 0,5 % všech nádorů dětí a dospělých. Existují určité důkazy o účasti simian viru 40 na jejich vzniku. Mohou mít benigní nebo maligní fenotyp, ale existují i nádory atypické s nejistým biologickým chováním. Ideální léčebný postup není znám. Maximální resekce je metodou volby a má prognostický význam. Role aditivní terapie je nejasná. První randomizovaná studie s cílem ověřit efektivitu adjuvantní chemoterapie byla realizována teprve nedávno, Tumors of the choroid plexus epithelium were firstly described in 1833. These tumors are rare and represent only 0,5 % of all brain tumors in children and adults. There is some evidence of simian virus 40 participation in their pathogenesis. These tumors can have benign or malignant fenotype, but there are atypical tumors with uncertain biological behaviour. The best treatment remains unknown. Maximal surgical resection is a method of choice and has a prognostic value. The role of an additive treatment is less clear. The first randomized study with the main goal to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy has been conducted only recently., Zdeněk Pavelka, Karel Zitterbart, and Lit.: 20
Objective: To prevent the possible functional complications after gastrectomy, to improve the quality of life and the process of early rehabilitation. Material and Methods: The study included 165 patients with gastric cancer of stage III (T3N12M0), which, depending on the method of recovery divided into 2 groups: Group 1 n = 80 patients who, after an extensive gastrectomy had reservoir formed, II group n = 85 patients who had gastrectomy performed without forming a reservoir. Results: There were no incidence of reflux esophagitis and dumping syndrome observed in the main group, while in the control group, these complications were respectively 61.2% and 25.8%. Weight gain in the main group was observed in 83.7% of patients, in the control group in 4.7%. Assessment of physical activity on the Karnovsky scale in the study group was 85.0%, while 62.0% in the control group. Within 3 months, physical rehabilitation was observed in 90.0% of patients of the main group, while in the control group it was 25.7%. Threeyear survival rate in the main group was 71.4+0.4%, while in the control group, 57.2+0.3% (P> 0.05). Conclusions: Creation of a stomach replacing reservoir after gastrectomy is adequate way in ridding patients from possible complications. Method improves the quality of life, the process of early recovery and, Khudoyorov S. S., Navruzov S. N., Juraev M. D., Eshonov A. K., and Literatura