The species Beludzhia phylloteliptera Rohdendorf is redescribed from adult males and females as well as all larval instars collected in the United Arab Emirates. The morphology of the first instar larva is strikingly similar to that of Dolichotachina marginella (Wiedemann) and Phylloteles pictipennis Loew, all of which are here documented for the first time. These three generic representatives share several character states, which are probably plesiomorphic relative to the condition observed in other miltogrammine larvae, but the uniquely shaped, slender mouthhook, a cushion- or pad-like lobe behind the maxillary palpus (cheek organ), the antero-ventral segmental prolegs of the first instar larva, and the integumental warts of the third instar larvae, are shared character states not known from any other species of Sarcophagidae. Beludzhia Rohdendorf is therefore placed with Dolichotachina Villeneuve and Phylloteles Loew in the tribe Phyllotelini.
A phylogenetic analysis of the four coleopteran suborders (Polyphaga, Archostemata, Myxophaga and Adephaga), four other endoneopteran taxa (Strepsiptera, Neuropterida, Mecopterida and Hymenoptera) and three neopteran outgroups (Orthoneoptera, Blattoneoptera and Hemineoptera) is performed based on 63 characters of hind wing venation, articulation and folding patterns, with character states coded for the groundplan of each taxon (not for exemplar genera or species). The shortest tree found using Winclada with Nona exhibits the following topology: Orthoneoptera + (Blattoneoptera + (Hemineoptera + Endoneoptera: (Hymenoptera + ((Neuropterida + Mecopterida) + (Coleoptera + Strepsiptera))))). Homologization of the hind wing venation in Coleoptera is reviewed and updated, and comments are made concerning recent works on wing folding. Recent phylogenetic schemes proposed for the orders of Endoneoptera and suborders of Coleoptera are reviewed and their supporting evidence critically examined. The special role and influence of the hind wing anojugal lobe on the diversification of Neoptera and Endoneoptera is discussed. A scenario is proposed for the origin and evolution of the insect hind wing.
Morphology, biomass accumulation and allocation, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence were compared for one-year-old seedlings of Salix psammophila and Artemisia ordosica, two dominant desert species, in response to two water supplies (equivalent to 315.0 mm for present precipitation in growing season and to 157.5 mm for future decreasing precipitation) during 105 d. For both species, photochemical efficiency of photosystem 2 (Fv/Fm), net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, biomass accumulation in different organs, tree height, number of leaves, and leaf area were reduced in response to the decrease in water supply. For both species, instantaneous water use efficiency was not affected by the water deficit. However, diurnal patterns of gas exchange and biomass allocation were affected in different ways for the two species, with notably a decrease in specific leaf area and an increase in root : shoot ratio for S. psammophila only. Overall, S. psammophila was more responsive to the decreasing precipitation than A. ordosica. and C. W. Xiao ... [et al.].
The data contains the morphemic dictionary scanned in the PDF format. It is divided into 3 parts:
introductions.pdf - pp. 11-102
main_dictionary.pdf - pp. 113-506
appendices.pdf - pp. 509-645
The file contains all Czech verbs included in the Retrograde Morphemic Dictionary of Czech Language (Slavíčková Eleonora, Academia 1975).
The data was obtained by scanning a portion of the dictionary that contains words ending in -ci and -ti. Among them, there were 18 non-verbs, which were removed. Using OCR, the data was converted into the plain text format and the result was checked by two independent readers. However, if a user encounters a forgotten error, please report.
This paper presents a synthesis of morphological information on larvae of the beetle suborder Archostemata. Larvae of the following families and species were studied: Ommatidae: Omma sp.; Micromalthidae: Micromalthus debilis LeConte, 1878; Cupedidae: Priacma serrata LeConte, 1861, Distocupes varians (Lea, 1902), Rhipsideigma raffrayi (Fairmaire, 1884), Tenomerga cinerea (Say, 1831) and Tenomerga mucida (Chevrolat, 1829). Morphological characters of the suborder and three families are described. Monophyly of the suborder is strongly supported by more than 10 larval autapomorphies. A close relationship between Micromalthidae and Cupedidae is confirmed. New larval characters are introduced, including chaetotaxy of first instar larvae of Micromalthus LeConte, 1878, Priacma LeConte, 1874 and Distocupes Neboiss, 1984. An identification key to families and subfamilies of Archostematan larvae is provided, along with a checklist of extant Archostemata taxa. The work is illustrated with 120 morphological drawings.
The family Rhopalothylacidae (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) is reviewed. The type species, Rhopalothylax gymnorhynchoides Guiart, 1935, is redescribed from the type specimens and belongs within the genus Pintneriella Yamaguti, 1934, previously described only from the plerocercus. Rhopalothylax therefore becomes a junior synonym of Pintneriella. The adult of Pintneriella musculicola Yamaguti, 1934 is described for the first time, from the shark Carcharias taurus Rafinesque from Australia. Pintneriella is characterised by two bothridia, a typical heteroacanthous armature, a unique, bipartite external seminal vesicle and a uterus deviated porally, terminating at a uterine pore. It belongs within the Heteracanthoidea but is distinguishable both from the Eutetrarhynchidae and the Gilquiniidae, the two families which it most closely resembles. Cladistic analyses align Pintneriella within the clade containing the families Gilquiniidae, Gymnorhynchidae and Molicolidae rather than with the Eutetrarhynchidae. The family Rhopalothylacidae is therefore retained provisionally to accommodate Pintneriella within the Heteracanthoidea. The second genus of the Rhopalothylacidae, Clujia Guiart, 1935, is unrecognisable from its description and cannot be redescribed from its holotype. It is therefore considered a genus inquirendum.
This study revises the originally monotypic genus Afrogyrodactylus Paperna, 1968 (Monogenea), the species of which infect alestid fish (Characiformes) in Africa, and includes new records of these parasites from three geographically distant countries, Senegal, Sudan and South Africa. Morphology of opisthaptoral hooks and bars and nuclear ribosomal DNA data revealed three Afrogyrodactylus species. Afrogyrodactylus girgifae sp. n. is described from the fins of the Sudanese nurse tetra, Brycinus nurse (Rüppell), and A. kingi sp. n. presents from the gill arches of the South African sharptooth tetra, Micralestes acutidens (Peters), whereas a previously undescribed Afrogyrodactylus sp. occurred on the fins of B. nurse from Senegal. All three species differ conspicuously from the only one known species of this genus, A. characinis Paperna, 1968, by the dimensions of their haptoral hard parts. Detailed morphological and molecular descriptions and comparisons are presented.
The Oriental helotrephid genus Idiotrephes Lundblad, 1933, is taxonomically revised. Species discrimination is based on male genitalia and female terminalia. Three species groups are recognized. The I. chinai group contains I. chinai Lundblad, 1933 (type species; from Sumatra, Borneo, and West Malaysia) and three newly described species; I. asiaticus sp. n. (from Vietnam, Thailand, and west Malaysia); I. yupae sp. n., and I. polhemusi sp. n. (both from Thailand). The I. maior group contains I. maior Papáček, 1994; I. meszarosi Papáček, 1995 (both from Vietnam), and I. hainanensis sp. n. (from Hainan, China). The I. thai group consists of two newly described species from north and northeast Thailand, I. thai sp. n. and I. shepardi sp. n. In addition, some features of biology and morphology of the ovipositor are also included.
The Poecilimon ornatus group has an exclusively European distribution and includes the largest species in the genus. A revision of the taxa belonging to this group in Bulgaria and Macedonia (Central and Eastern Balkan Peninsula) is presented. Nine taxa described from Bulgaria are synonymised with 3 previously known species, as follows: Poecilimon ornatus (= P. mistshenkoi marzani, syn. n., P. mistshenkoi tinkae, syn. n., P. mistshenkoi vlachinensis, syn. n.), P. affinis s. str. (= P. mistshenkoi mistshenkoi, syn. n., P. affinis ruenensis, syn. n., P. affinis rilensis, syn. n., P. affinis medimontanus, syn. n., P. harzi, syn. n.) and P. hoelzeli (= P. kisi, syn. n.). The synonymy of P. poecilus with P. affinis and the subspecific status of P. affinis komareki are confirmed. One species, Poecilimon jablanicensis, sp. n., is described as new to science. A tabulated key, lists and maps of all known localities and oscillograms of the songs of all the species in this group are presented. The phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary trends in the Poecilimon ornatus group are discussed.