The problem of prophylaxis of incompetence of bronchial stump and bronchial fistula is many sided. Notwithstanding the development of new technologies, perfection of surgical technique, its frequency still remains on high level that persistently requests the search of new ways for resolving this problem, which preserved its topicality till nowadays. We have found that: The most efficiency of BFS is achieved during treatment of bronchial fistulas with diameter up to 3 mm and with effectiveness at 83.2% patients after rightside PE and at 92.3% patients after leftside PE. In case of BPF with diameter more than 3 mm the number of satisfactory results of BFS reaches only 33.3%. but, it is necessary to mention that among patients with BPF sized over 3 mm after leftside PE the effectiveness of BFS significantly exceeds as general index (50.0% against 33.3%) so after rightside PE (50.0% against 25.0%)., F. G. Nazyrov, V. A. Porkhanov, Sh. N. Khudaybergenov, О. Т. Irisov, and Literatura
Autoři prezentují sestavu 76 nemocných radikálně operovaných pro karcinom hlavy pankreatu a analyzují pooperační komplikace a přežívání. Materiál a metodika: V období 1/2006–9/2010 podstoupilo 76 nemocných potenciálně kurativní hemipankreatoduodenektomii pro adenokarcinom hlavy pankreatu. Pacienti jsou prospektivně sledováni, diskutovány jsou komplikace a přežití. Výsledky: 30denní pooperační mortalita je 2,6 %. Na základě TNM klasifikace 11 % mělo stadium I, 78 % stadium II a 3 % stadium III. Nejzávažnější komplikací byla insuficience pankreatojejunální anastomózy (6,5 %) a opožděná evakuace žaludku (11,8 %). Ve stadiu I přežívá 1., 2., 3. a 4. rok 82 %, 52 %, 35 % a 35 % operovaných. Závěr: Resekce hlavy pankreatu je bezpečná operace s nízkou mortalitou, ale neuspokojivým dlouhodobým přežíváním. Toto je zřejmě způsobeno agresivní biologickou aktivitou nádoru a pozdní diagnostikou., The authors refer seventy six patients radically operated for pancreatic head carcinoma and analyzed postoperative complications and survival. Material and Methods: During 1/2006–9/2010 76 patients underwent potentially curative hemipancreato-duodenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the head of pancreas. The patients are prospectively followed, complications and survival are discussed. Results: The 30-days postoperative mortality was 2,6 %. According to TNM classification 11 % of patients had stage I, 78 % stage II and 3 % stage III. Most severe complications were leak from pancreato-jejunal anastomosis (6,5 %) and delayed gastric emptying (11.8 %). The survival analyses showed 1,2,3 and 4 years survival as follows: 82 %, 52 %, 35 %, 35 % respectively. Conclusion: Resection of the pancreatic head is a safe procedure with low mortality but disappointing long-term survival. This may be due to biological activity of the tumor and late diagnosis., Martin Loveček, Dušan Klos, Pavel Skalický, Jiří Kysučan, Čestmír Neoral, Bohuslav Melichar, Roman Havlík, and Lit.: 10
The target of research was the implementation of the comparative analysis of conservative therapy of preparation of basic therapy and also new methods of treatment (anticytokine therapy). Appointment of salofalk in twos tablets (0, 5) 34 times a day per os, and also 2,0 gr in the form of a rectal enema unitary for a period of seven days, then had transferd the patients to reception 2,0 gr salofalk per os, allowed to achieve substantial improvement patients cliniclaboratory and endoscopic symptoms with a heavy intensification of ulcer colitis variation, providing full cliniclabaratory remissions achievements of disease at 8 (34 %) patients. In the Minister of the Uzbek Public Health of the Republican Science Coloproctological Center at 10 patients with the IDI have spent the therapy remicade, 7 of them had NUC and 3 patients had the Crohn's disease. Therefore, all patients no longer than on the first week after introduction of remicade had improvement of a course disease which was expressed in defering stool, extinction or reduction of pathological impurity in excrement and subsidence bellyaches. During colonoscopical inspection, in 1218 weeks after the first infusion at 80% of the patients had observed disappearance of ulcers and erosion. In terms of 6 months of supervision of relapse of disease was not noted. All new directions in treatment of the IDI, apparently, are perspective, but while are proved only theoretically and had no practical development. Unique and enough effective and safe method at the IDI and already has clinical acknowledgement is remicade., Matkarimov S. R., Rustamov A. E., Rahmonov S. T., and Literatura
Colonic polyps and polyposis are studied in 183 patients. It has been found, that sensitivity of rectoscopy is 66.7%, irrigoscopy 61.1%, virtual colonoscopy computeraided tomography of colon (VCCATC) 79.1%. Endoscopic polypectomy was the main treatment method used in patents with colonic polyps and polyposis (18.6%). In cases of surgical treatment (57.9%) in patients with total involvement of colon colproctectomy with formation of ileal reservoir can be considered as the method of choice., Sapaev D. A., Navruzov S. N., Rakhmanov S. T., Kurbonov O. A., Mirzakhmedov M. M., and Literatura
To study efficiency of the combined treatment of advanced gastric cancer with inclusion Trastuzumab. Material: We present the intermediate analysis of the use of target therapy with Trastuzumab in patients with a HER2positive gastric cancer. Up to 01.10.2009y 118 patients have been tested for HER2 expression, and in 24 gastric cancer patients it is revealed HER2positive status of tumor. It is lead chemotherapy to all patients by the PLF regimen and Herceptin in doze 6 mg/kg once in 3 weeks (6 cycles). In control group in 26 patients it is lead only chemotherapy by the PLF regimen once in 3 weeks without addition Trastuzumab (6 cycles). Results: At the moment of the analysis of preliminary data, the median remission duration in compared groups has made 8.3 months, and 5.2 months, accordingly. Conclusion: At advanced gastric cancer with high level HER2 expression Trastuzumab increases frequency of objective effect and the median remission duration., M. D. Juraev, D. M. Egamberdiev, S. S. Khudayorov, H. N. Tuyev, and Literatura
Surgical treatment of inflammatory diseases of intestine remains actual problem, despite the progress of conservative therapy. In our research it was etablished, applying low and ultralow ileorectal anastomosis with circular stapling apparatus allows to reach reliability of the generated anastomoses, it is essential reduce operation time, reduce number of postoperative complications and reduce duration of patients stay in hospital., Navruzov B. S., Abdujabbarov S. B., Rahmonov S. T., and Literatura
Radikální resekce je jedinou metodou léčby, která u nemocných s karcinomem pankreatu dává reálnou šanci na dlouhodobé přežití a je potencionálně kurabilní. Pětileté přežití po R0 resekci s adjuvantní chemoterapií je uváděno v rozmezí 11–28 %. Česká Republika se ve výskytu karcinomu pankreatu nachází na 6. místě v Evropě. 70–80 % nemocných je v době stanovení diagnózy neresekabilních. K radikální resekci indikujeme nemocné se stagingem T1-3, N0-1, M0. Radikální resekce je doplněna standardní lymfadenektomií, resekce portomezenterického žilního segmentu je indikována v rámci R0 resekce. Při nálezu přesahujícím tento staging je indikována u nemocných v celkově dobrém stavu paliativní resekce či v případě ikteru biliodigestivní anastomóza, v ostatních případech endoskopické zavedení stentu. Rozšířené resekce neprokázaly signifikantní benefit pro pacienta. V současné době peroperační mortalita nepřesahuje 3–5 %, morbidita dosahuje až 60 %. Nejzávažnější je únik pankreatické šťávy. Adjuvantní chemoterapie signifikantně potencuje přínos R0 resekce. Paliativní chemoterapie prodlužuje signifikantně přežívání u pokročilých stadií ve srovnání se symptomatickou terapií. Možnosti neoadjuvantrní léčby jsou limitovány. Léčbu nemocných s karcinomem pankreatu je třeba koncentrovat na specializovaná centra, rozhodnutí o léčbě stanoví multioborový tým., Radical resection is only method of treatment giving the chance for long-term survival in the patients with pancreatic cancer with 5-year survival 11–28 %. Czech Republic is in the incidence of pancreatic cancer in the 6.place in Europe. 70–80 % patients are irresectable in the moment of diagnosis. Patients with staging of T1-3, N0-1, M0 are indicated for radical resection with standard lymphadenectomy, resection of portomesenteric segment is indicated as a part of R0 resection. In the case of advanced carcinoma over that staging in patients in good condition palliative resection or biliodigestive anastomosis is indicated, in other cases endoscopic stenting. Extended resections did not prove the benefit for patients. Current perioperative mortality is not over 3–5 %, morbidity reach till 60 %. Pancreatic leak is the most serious complication. Adjuvant therapy significant prolongs survival after R0 resection. Palliative chemotherapy prolongs survival in advanced carcinoma to compare to symptomatic therapy. The possibilities of neoadjuvant therapy are very limited. Patients with pancreatic cancer should be concentrated to specialized center; therapy modality should be decided by multidisciplinary team., Miroslav Ryska, and Lit.: 28
Autoři předkládají přehledový článek shrnující současný pohled na diagnostiku a léčbu neuroendokrinních nádorů pankreatu. Zmiňují aktuální TNM klasifikaci těchto neoplazií. Ze zobrazovacích metod podtrhují důležitost CT, MRI, EUS a octreotidové scintigrafie. V léčbě zdůrazňují snahu o radikální (R0) resekci, která přináší nejlepší dlouhodobé výsledky. Připouštějí i možnost debulking resekcí a transplantace jater v případě resekabilního origa a neresekabilních jaterních metastáz. Poukazují na rozdílnou prognózu pankreatických neuroendokrinních nádorů a karcinomu pankreatu. Zdůrazňují nutnost mezioborové spolupráce, kterou dokládají dvěma kazuistikami pacientů s lokálně neresekabilním a metastatickým nádorem., The authors put forward a review article summarizing current opinion in diagnostics and therapy of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. They present actual TNM classification of these tumors highlighting CT, MRI, EUS and octreoscan as standard imaging methods. In the field of therapy, radical, R0 resection, which brings the best overall survival, is accented. They also accept the possibility of debulking resections and liver transplantation in the cases of local advanced and metastatic disease respectively. They point out the different prognosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and pancreatic cancer. At the end the authors emphasize the importace of multimodal aproach and cooperation, which is demonstrated in two case reports., Zdeněk Kala, Jan Hlavsa, Vladimír Procházka, Petr Kysela, Filip Marek, Roman Svatoň, and Lit.: 24
Objective: To prevent the possible functional complications after gastrectomy, to improve the quality of life and the process of early rehabilitation. Material and Methods: The study included 165 patients with gastric cancer of stage III (T3N12M0), which, depending on the method of recovery divided into 2 groups: Group 1 n = 80 patients who, after an extensive gastrectomy had reservoir formed, II group n = 85 patients who had gastrectomy performed without forming a reservoir. Results: There were no incidence of reflux esophagitis and dumping syndrome observed in the main group, while in the control group, these complications were respectively 61.2% and 25.8%. Weight gain in the main group was observed in 83.7% of patients, in the control group in 4.7%. Assessment of physical activity on the Karnovsky scale in the study group was 85.0%, while 62.0% in the control group. Within 3 months, physical rehabilitation was observed in 90.0% of patients of the main group, while in the control group it was 25.7%. Threeyear survival rate in the main group was 71.4+0.4%, while in the control group, 57.2+0.3% (P> 0.05). Conclusions: Creation of a stomach replacing reservoir after gastrectomy is adequate way in ridding patients from possible complications. Method improves the quality of life, the process of early recovery and, Khudoyorov S. S., Navruzov S. N., Juraev M. D., Eshonov A. K., and Literatura